To clarify the adequate shape of pipe, the mixing states of emulsion in pipe were experimented about various shapes.
They were understood to be the necessary conditions, that there were no level parts, no going down parts and no variable radiuses of curvature in the way of piping. Coil pipe was chosen, as it fulfilled these conditions.
The mixing states of emulsion in pipe was clarified by the analysis of the mixing states of water.
The characteristic curves of emulsion, acquired by the experiments on the mixing states of emulsion using a coil pipe, corresponded to the charaeteristics of emulsion, supposed from the analysis of the mixing states of water.

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The lith type of emulsions was made with silver chloride, silver bromide and polyethylene oxides (PEO). Halftone dots were made by photographing through contact screen. The films were treated by the lithdeveloper that is, hydroquinone-formaldehyde developer having low sulfite ion content.
Silver chlorobromide is adequate to lithdeveloper and high molecular weight polyethylene oxide (PEO) inhibits Iithdevelopment. This paper relates to the effect of PEO and halide components on the characteristics of dots. The results were summarized as follows:
1) PEO inhibits lithdevelopment and sulfite containing hydroquinone development.
2) PEO decreased unsharpness of dot with the quantity added and gave small unsharpness over a relatively wide range of lithdevelopnent time. But addition of PEO resulted in decrease in the rate of lithdevelopment. In order to obtain small unsharpness it is necessary to prolong Iithdevelopment time.
3) Among silver chlorobromide emulsions whose halide content 0, 30, 70, 100mol percent chloride, 70mol percent chloride showed the smallest unsharpness over a relatively wide range of development time. When chloride content was 0 or 100mol percent, unsharpness of dot was large.

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