The objective of this paper is to recognize and classify the poses of idols in still images on the web. The poses found in Japanese photos are often complicated and their classification is highly challenging. Although advances in computer vision research have made huge contributions to image recognition, it is not enough to estimate human poses accurately. We thus propose a method that refines result of human pose estimation by Pose Guide Ontology (PGO) and a set of energy functions. PGO, which we introduce in this paper, contains useful background knowledge, such as semantic hierarchies and constraints related to the positional relationship between body parts. Energy functions compute the right positions of body parts based on knowledge of the human body. Through experiments, we also refine PGO iteratively for further improvement of classification accuracy. We demonstrate pose classification into 8 classes on a dataset containing 400 images on the web. Result of experiments shows the efficiency of PGO and the energy functions; the F-measure of classification is 15% higher than the non-refined results. In addition to this, we confirm the validity of the energy functions.

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Sapphos Tragik erklärt Benno von Wiese wie folgt: _"das Vernichtende für Sappho liegt nicht nur darin, daß ihre Liebe verschmäht und ihre Person falsch bewertet wird, sondern daß in ihrem Innern Gefahren ausgelöst werden, die sie nicht mehr bannen kann. Sappho, die sich der Kunst entfremdete um des Lebens willen, hat sich zu tief mit ihm eingelassen, um jetzt nicht seine brutale Nähe als verwundend und schmerzhaft zu empfinden...... Sie stirbt, weil sie rich nur so vor dem verletzenden, qualvollen Zugriff des Lebens zu schützen vermag……“.
Manche Kritiker sind derselben Meinung. Und Sappho scheint selbst mit ihren letzten Worten zu dieser Auslegung zu verhelfen.
Nachdem ihre Liebe verschmäht war, verstrickte sich Sappho gewiß in die Affekte der Leidenschaft, der Eifersucht und der Rache; aus ihr wurde eine eifersüchtige Furie. Und sie mußte vor sich selbst Furcht haben. Was sie doch in Wirklichkeit zur Verzweiflung trieb, war etwas anders als dies: es war ihre noch schmerzhaftere Selbsterkennung, daß sie nicht als eine Frau, sondern nur als die Göttin der Dichtkunst für Männer reizend war, und aus dem menschlichen Liebesgenuß ausgeschlossen war. Außerdem erkannte sie, daß die Göttin der Dichtkunst in der Menschenwelt nichts anders als ein war.
Deshalb entschloß sie sich, wenn sie in der Welt nur ein sein und bleiben müsse, so nchme sie von der Welt als ein Abschied. So führte sie zum letzten Abschied eine Szene auf: _"Ein kehrt zu den Göttern züruck!“. In dieser Vorstellung war ihr Tod allerdings eine wirkliche Tatsache, _"Zu den Göttern zurückkehren“ aber blieb bedauernswert nur ein Schauspiel. Diese klägliche Sachlage symbolisiert das tragische Schicksal einer Dichterin, die weder eine Frau noch eine Göttin werden konnte.

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  インターロイキン1βは炎症性サイトカインの一つとして広く知られており，炎症を語る上で無視できない重要因子である．それゆえにインターロイキン1βの機能や特性は多くの研究者により解析されてきたが，まだ解明されていない問題が残されている．これらの問題にアプローチするために，最近では生体イメージング技術が利用され始めてきている．インターロイキン1βは炎症刺激によって転写活性化とプロセシングによる2段階のユニークな制御を受けることが分かっており，その制御機構を巧みに利用したイメージング用ツールが幾つか開発されている．この総説ではインターロイキン1βに関する代表的なイメージング技術について基礎となる仕掛や得られている知見などを紹介する．また，「おわりに」のところではインターロイキン1βとは別の因子に着眼した炎症イメージング技術についても触れたので，ぜひ参考にしてもらいたい．

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近年，多数のアイドルグループが人気を博しており，知名度や社会での影響力が大きくなっている．それに伴い，これらのアイドルの画像をポーズごとに分類し，鑑賞したいというニーズがアイドルファン内で高まっている．本研究は，アイドルのポーズを分析し，ユーザーに代わって分類してくれるエージェントを提案する．提案手法は大きくポーズ推定とポーズ分類の2つの処理に分かれている．ポーズ推定によって取得できる画像内人物の体のパーツ位置情報を特徴ベクトルとし，ポーズ分類によって8つのクラスへと画像を分類する．ポーズ分類の際，分類精度をより高めるため，Human Pose Guide Ontology(HPGO)を提案する．HPGOは人体構造に関する制約条件を内包し，ポーズ推定で得られた体のパーツ位置情報に補正を加えることで，分類精度を高める働きをする．評価実験により，提案手法の有用性を示し，実験結果について考察を行う．

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The god Dumuzi in Sumerian mythology was a figure of worship and ritual for thousands of years. Since The Book of Ezekiel (8:14), Dumuzi has been referred to as Tammūz, and his festivals were still being celebrated with great pomp in the northern Syrian city of Ḥarrān, as well as in Lower Iraq well into the Islamic period. The Sumerian myth depicts the tale of Dumuzi, who is presented to the underworld in place of Inanna, the dead goddess of love and fertility. In the ancient Mesopotamian civilization, a ritual of weeping and lamenting the death of Dumuzi was annually held, which continued until the Islamic period. Although Dumuzi/Tammūz is considered a shepherd in ancient Mesopotamia, this weeping ritual has the characteristic of a harvest festival and is thought to be related to the fertility of the earth. The articles in Ibn al-Nadīm’s Kitāb al-Fihrist (completed in 987/8) and Ibn Waḥshīya’s al-Filāḥa al-Nabaṭīya (10^th century) show in detail the aspects of the Tammūz ritual during the Islamic period. According to the former article, the Tammūz ritual that was practiced in Harrān during the Islamic period was in a manner very similar to the Dumuzi ritual of the ancient Mesopotamian ritual commentary. However, the latter article indicates that the weeping ritual for Tammūz was given a new interpretation during the same period. That is, the form of the ritual itself, of “lamenting the death of Tammūz,” did not change, but Tammūz was martyred in the worship of stars, and it was mainly the idols of the seven planets around the world who lamented for him. In sum, one could argue that the weeping ritual dedicated to Dumuzi/Tammūz has survived until the Islamic period, as its ancient features were maintained and simultaneously reinterpreted over time.

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C hemical light (psyllium) color transition at a real l ive stage is one of the important direction technique to heap up audiences . We have developed an automatic system of psyllium color transition for the l ive karaoke system . A simple evaluation result shows that our system effectively realizes psyllium color transition

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In this editorial, Francis Crick's research corpus of 105 papers, spanning from 1950 to 2013, is promoted as useful guides in manuscript preparation for graduate students. Especially to be noted is Crick and his co-authors' versatility in formulating the different components of a research paper such as, title composition, abstract writing, brevity in describing the experimental results or hypotheses, discussion and/or future projections, and acknowledgment composition.

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The prototype of a museum loan kit aimed at fourth grade of elementary school was developed based on current school’s science curriculum regarding the human body. The kit includes a print guide, hands on elements, and augmented reality games on a tablet computer in order to provide a multimedia set that can transmit the educational contents of the museum while being enjoyable for the children. A test and evaluation of the prototype took place with a group of elementary school students. The process of the developing of the prototype, along with its implementation and test results are presented in this paper.

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Eating disorders are multidimensional disease, but recent increase of the disease is mainly explained by the effect of socio-cultural pressure for thinness. We suggested in a previous study of junior-high-school students that they are strongly affected by the socio-cultural pressure. Mass media is one of the most effective factors to spread the pressure. It is possible that the thin standards in female to be emphasized by mass media stimulate female to diet. However, no studies have ever tried to investigate the relationship between ideal body image of pubertal female and body size of models to be informed by mass media. Then we investigated real body weight, desirable body weight and appropriate body weight of 687 students (347 male, 340 female) in a public junior-high-school and compared three body weights with so-called standard body weight ((height-100)xO.9), and cosmetic body weight (height-110). In addition to these, in female three body weights were compared with talent's body weight (n=109) which was printed in student-oriented entertainment magazines. The purpose of this paper is to identify what weight they think is standard and ideal, and how different body weight image is between males and females. There was no difference between actual, appropriate and desirable body weight in male students. In female students, there was no difference between actual and appropriate body weight, but desirable body weight was lower than actual and appropriate body weight and was inclined toward talent's body weight. Neither the so-called standard body weight nor the cosmetic body weight was similar to appropriate body weight in either sexes. We may, therefore, reasonably conclude that only female students have much difference between actual and ideal body weight images and that information from mass media affects their ideal image. This may be related to the fact that many eating disorders are found in females but rare in males. As a countermeasure of recent increase of eating disorders, we consider that it is insufficient to treat them with individual psychopathology and that it is necessary to discuss socio-cultural problems.

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Cymbidium protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) were cultured in modified MS (1962) medium (Shimasaki and Uemoto, 1990) to investigate the effect of light quality on organogenesis in PLBs, and the changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD). Of the different light treatments used in the research, six times of weekly light breaking by one day of green LED lighting (green LED interval lighting) during red LED illumination showed optimal number (14.1) and formation rate (93.1%) of PLB cultures. Optimal shoot formation of PLB cultures obtained at treatments of fluorescent lamp+interval lighting of green LED and blue LED+interval lighting of green LED. The highest fresh weight was achieved under fluorescent lamp condition. Except for red LED lighting treatment, interval lighting of green LED enhanced increase in antioxidant enzyme SOD activity of PLB cultures, and showed the highest SOD activity at blue LED+green LED interval lighting treatment. The study concludes that except for red LED lighting condition, interval lighting using green LED could stimulate proliferation, shoot formation in PLB cultures which accompanying with increase in SOD enzymes.

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マネージャーとしてアイドルを育成するスマートフォンRPG『IDOLY PRIDE』において，最も重要なゲームパートにライブのユニット編成がある．最適なユニット編成を見つけることは，新規アイドル実装時の影響を事前に調査しゲームバランスを調整するために重要な課題である． 本研究では，多様なアイドルの中からユニットに配置するアイドルを選択するユニット編成を，アイドルを変数とした組合せ最適化問題として定式化する．この問題の効率的な最適化のため，我々は新たな遺伝的アルゴリズム（GA）を開発する．アイドルに関する事前知識を活用した最適化を行うため，それらの情報を埋め込んだアイドル表現を開発し，それに基づいた突然変異オペレータを提案する． 『IDOLY PRIDE』のハイスコアライブにおけるシミュレーション実験により，ユニット編成最適化へのGA適用の有効性と提案手法による探索性能の改善を確認した．

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Nardilysin (NRDC) has been shown to be involved in post-translational histone modifications, in addition to enhancement in ectodomain shedding of membrane-anchored protein, which play significant roles in various pathophysiology, including glucose homeostasis, inflammatory diseases and cancer. The present study sought to determine roles of NRDC in the liver on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. We established liver-specific NRDC deficient mice by use of NRD1 floxed mice and albumin promoter-Cre recombinase (Cre) transgenic mice, and found that their serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were significantly lower than those in control littermate mice. In the liver, LDL receptor (LDLR) mRNA expression was significantly upregulated, while inducible degrader of LDLR (

) and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) mRNA expression was significantly downregulated, in liver-specific NRDC deficient mice. Hepatic cell-surface LDLR expression levels were significantly elevated and serum pro-protein convertase subtilisin–kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels were significantly reduced in mice with hepatic NRDC deficiency. In cultured hepatocytes, NRDC deficiency significantly reduced secreted PCSK9 and increased cell-surface LDLR expression. On the other hand, NRDC overexpression in cultured hepatocytes significantly increased secreted PCSK9 and lowered cell-surface LDLR expression. Thus, NRDC in murine hepatocytes appears to play key roles in cholesterol homeostasis, although the precise molecular mechanisms remain to be determined.

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