In principle, regional development policy in Japan is that regional towns and cities should tackle self-sustaining revitalization with their regional resources. Regional towns and cities are required to pursue not only an extrinsic development attracting plants and firms to their area, but also a spontaneous development involving a variety of stakeholders and utilizing their regional resources. The issue of self-sustaining revitalization with their regional resources is able to be understood as program of P2M. In this paper, we discuss the challenge of self-sustaining revitalization with their regional resources from the viewpoint of P2M community management, and then propose 'value orchestration platform strategy'. We also present a case of community management of local revitalization using our value orchestration platform strategy.

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The authors propose a middle mediator as a program manager in which plays important roll for semiconductor ventures. They design business concept, build framework and get value for semiconductor venture companies. Main issue for semiconductor ventures who create new market is how to carry out it. Specifically, semiconductor ventures cannot design with business concept, cannot build a framework of business, and accordingly, they cannot start business. But, in the case, a middle mediator as a program manager (semiconductor distributors) proposed a business concept, built a framework on business, and then played central role in business.

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Intellectual properties such as inventions, technology and other know-how are essential for companies to maximize business opportunities. For a company, the unauthorized disclosure of inventions and so on can be a matter of life or death of its business. Moreover, such unauthorized disclosure is a very troublesome problem because it often occurs without the companies' knowledge. Even though companies have been more active in monitoring their inventions etc., occurrences of unauthorized disclosure are not being eliminated. Owing to the rapid development of Information Technology (IT) in recent years, even a slight mistake may cause unauthorized disclosure of an invention etc. Therefore, in this study, we consider ways to prevent unauthorized disclosure of the invention that are within the common recognition of participants. We propose a visualization of the invention etc. using a logic model concerning the "unfavorable appearance," i.e., possible suspicious activity that may allow unauthorized disclosure. By looking at the logic model, participants will be able to grasp in time a series of events that should be done to prevent the leakage of a secret.

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As is typically indicated by East Japan Great Earthquake and consequent incidents, many of present day happenings (social and technical troubles) are caused by factors that are intricately entangled at a highly specialized level in each field. The word "unexpected" or "unthinkable" used frequently at the time of those disasters seems to suggest vulnerability of increasingly complex social system of our times to risk. The P2M method is certified to be reliable management approach widely applicable to various contemporary complex social systems. However this method may still need to be strengthened by focusing on integrated risk management against possible uncertainties to improve further applicability. In this paper, an integrated risk management system will be proposed by using the P2M method with the balanced scorecard, and the performance of this system will be examined by taking up the case of troubled IT system as our society has introduced increasingly complex and developed system.

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Western countries are at the fore front of tackling global climate change issues specifically of global warming prevention, ecological business and carbon trading. It seems that Western type mentality is dominant in popular recognition that climate change is largely caused by the anthropogenic carbon dioxide emission. Here we aim to discuss about application of P2M approach to current Europe-led policy for climate change, hoping to propose a P2M framework capable of Eastern type risk management, with a view to constructing in future highly resilient system for climate change. In this essay Asian approach as a methodology will be discussed for policy formulation of climate change in order to derive moderated risk management by improving conventional P2M linear model by taking advantage of merits of both Western-type and Eastern-type approach.

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It is said that alliance for R&D investment is more difficult to evaluate since this kind of investment has more uncertain factors than other ones. In order to develop an evaluation method for such investment, there is a research field that applies real options to an evaluation method for such investment. Among literature on this issue, the study by Smit & Trigeorgis (2004) is well known as a representative one because they quantitatively evaluate how each uncertain factor influences. With a premise different from that of Smit & Trigeorgis (2004), we experiment how alliance influences on R&D investment. This paper reports the result of our experiment, and discusses the validity of our experiment and the availability of real options.

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High interest is observed in the effectiveness of practical project management applied to social issue solution. Environmental issue is the symbolic challenge. In the former part, the paper reviews the essential issues of project governance and mission identification to propose the new approaches in terms of environmental management. In the later part, an unique skill set of the compound type is introduced to practically educate the context of creative integration management and educational results. Tokyo University of A&T has strived and resulted outcome in P2M theory research by the issue based project experiments, and environmental management lectures for three years.

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The definition and the approach of IT investment project/program management at Scheme model phase are specified. The Scheme model of P2M specifies how to initiate a project/program and takes over to System model. However, specific approach is not specified in IT project management field. Many experts in this field have pointed out that many IT project/program failures have come from the lack of the definition of specific approach in Scheme model (upstream) and implementation based on that approach. In this paper, 10 steps approach is introduced how to proceed with the project/program at Scheme model phase from the owner's point of view.

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Japanese manufacturing companies need to mark a trend and tackle of environmental regulations and laws in EU. The response to environmental regulations will be a key factor of risk management in case of deploying business in EU market. Moreover, in EU market, manufacturing companies need to establish a good relation with multi stakeholders such as government, evaluation organization, NGO, and so on. In case of global business, company will confront coordination both globalization and localization, and project manager needs to handle these balance. In recent years, manufacturing company shifts its business emphasis from supplying product itself to supplying value including not only product but also total solution. Total solution includes supplying service after-sale phase and consulting in the phase of usage. These total solutions are called value-added business. In this article, I will verify the function of P2M and agendas through Japanese manufacturing ecology-related business in EU market.

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Recently JUAS(Japanese Users Association of Information Systems) submitted "New IT System Construction Process Method" to iap2m(International Association of Project and Program Management). JUAS's new plan contains to execute conceptual design as one of systems engineering work which they never adopted before. Our study group on Fusion of Business and Information Communication Technology planed P2M style conceptual planning method and business improving plan corresponding to JUAS's new plan. Our plan will be implemented in actual project and want to confirm successful results.

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In light of the rapidly changing situations surrounding corporate management, ICT systems, which function as management's nerve system, play an important role in enabling rapid compliance with corporate strategy. It is difficult to identify the QCD (= Quality, Cost, Delivery) of ICT systems development projects at the initial stage because most recent projects are improvements of existing systems for which documentation is frequently unavailable, even as the sizes and installed functions of such projects are becoming more diverse. Hence, stronger leadership is required to enable a systems integration firm (SI firm) to manipulate and act upon the various requests of different clients with varied values in order to successfully carry out these projects, especially when the SI firm is receiving numerous and varied orders. In this paper, by applying the value creation model developed by D. Besanko to multiple subcontractors for ICT system integration, the respective roles of a program manager and project stakeholders in value creation activities is discussed and the key elements for a successful system integration project are examined. A program manager for an SI firm project is frequently forced to work out a balance between increasing his or her own company's productivity and catering to the client's interests, and often he or she will feel pressurized by the conflict of interest between his or her clients and multiple subcontractors. In cases where the respective corporate strategies of the client and a contractor cannot be reconciled, the top-ranking executives(CEOs) of both companies are required to intervene and make the appropriate decisions to enable successful systems integration.

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In a corporate innovation program, the alignment of required technologies and available human resources is the key part of the corporate reengineering. In the previous work, the authors have presented the successful implication of the widely used "Pinch Technology" to the technology and human resource management. Based on the study of rationale for the generic task assignment problem, this paper is concerned with the extensive work on the application to eliminate the pinch point subject to the specified work sources, so that more effective resource allocation is expected to achieve the targeted innovation.

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Due to the environmental legislation, closed-loop supply chain management has become an important issue for many companies all over the world. Considering sustainable project management, supplier selection and evaluation phase in CLSC is one of the crucial decision points not only for QCD but also environmental impacts. As well as choosing the suppliers to work with is one of the key points of project management, semi- annually or annually evaluation is very important to keep track of vendors' performance level to be successful on sustainable development. There are, a lot of factors can affect companies' ability to evaluate all suppliers and then to choose the best one. In this step, firms have to define several criteria due to their firm culture, aim and mission. There are various approaches to determine performance level of suppliers. This paper presents a supplier evaluation method for sustainable project management in closed-loop supply chain and aims to create a model to help evaluating suppliers by using hybrid grey relational analysis for a firm in cable industry. To be developed model is compared with hybrid fuzzy logic method integrated with AHP. Results identify the current status of suppliers to keep track on sustainability of outsourcing success in CLSC network.

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