RA(Rheumatoid Arthritis) is a chronic progressive disease causing inflammation in joints and resulting in painful deformity and immobility, such as fingers, wrists, feet, and ankles. In this paper, we propose a measuring method of Joint Space Distances in X-ray image of RA patients.

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In recent years, studies of extracting meta-data from comic images has been focused on for query and search application of e-comics. In this paper, we propose to apply Deformable Part Model, which is a detection method using parts placement of an object, to detect character' faces in comic images.

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In this paper, we propose a rotation invariant method for human detection from top view images. In the method, local features based on Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) are defined based on polar coordinates. In addition, two dimensional histograms are calculated from pairs of neighboring pels to enhance robustness against small rotation.

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Ultra high-definition video has a high self-similarity caused by its high resolution. We therefore propose a novel super-resolution method by registration between an original image and its wavelet multi-scale components. In addition, registration accuracy is enhanced by compensation of registration results considering color sampling structure of 4K cameras.

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In this paper, we propose an efficient video coding using block adaptive inter-component prediction for screen contents. The proposed prediction uses one of coded color components modified by prediction parameters as prediction signals. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme achieves up to 8% coding gain for screen contents.

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This paper describes a new intra prediction method which is designed to exploit inter-block correlations for DCT based image coding. By changing a coding process of DCT coefficients from block-wise order to coefficient-wise one, the method can benefit from interpolative prediction in almost all blocks.

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Some video watermarking methods that embed information into compressed video streams have been proposed. When the compression scheme is MPEG2-Video or similar kind of compression schemes, its codes are almost pre-defined with coding tables and hence embedding information into the compressed stream is possible by substitution of some codes. On the other hand, HEVC/H.265 uses a kind of arithmetic coding and it is not easy to substitute a code to another one in a stream. We then propose a watermarking method for HEVC/H.265 video streams that embeds information on the way of video encoding.

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In this paper, we propose a low cost method to reconstruct a high spatial resolution image by integration of images based on high precision motion estimation.

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This paper presents a 4K contents' performance comparison of the latest video coding standards H.265/MPEG-HEVC (High-Efficiency Video Coding) and the recently published proprietary video coding scheme by Google called VP9, which is a successor of VP8 with adding various enhancements and new tools. According to the comparison results, which were obtained for all 4K test video sequences by using similar encoding configurations for these two examined representative encoders, H.265/MPEG-HEVC provides significant average bit-rate savings relative to VP9 but causes the enormous time consuming. The analysis of advantages and disadvantages for these two video coding standards when using 4K test sequences has also been elaborated in this paper.

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In the calculations of the redundant DCT, there exist the same calculations between adjacent overlapping blocks. A necessary amount of the calculations can be reduced by storing and reusing the same calculation results of the adjacent blocks. In this paper, we propose an efficient calculation procedure for the denoising method with the redundant DCT.

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This paper studies a method to restore a moving color video sequence from low-light color observation data of moving scene. The observation data are regarded as random variables following the Poisson distribution. Our method, taking this statistical property into account, combines the variance stabilization and the color shrinkage in the 3-D redundant DCT (3D-RDCT) domain.

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This paper proposes a spatially scalable image coding scheme based on a non-linear image resizing technique called seam carving. In this scheme, the original size image is reconstructed from the reduced size one with a help of side information including paths of the removed seams. To reduce the amount of the side information, evenly spaced multiple seams are removed simultaneously at the resizing stage.

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We previously proposed a block-adaptive spatio-temporal prediction method for video coding. In this method, multiple predictors that minimize sum of squared errors are designed for each frame. However, such a least squares approach does not necessarily improve the coding performance. In this paper, we introduce a DCT domain soft shrinkage process to reduce the number of non-zero DCT coefficients to be encoded.

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We have designed an implantable CMOS image sensor which transmits pixel values as pulse width modulated (PWM) signals to a receiver with a biological body communication method. By integrating with a triangle wave generating circuit, this sensor can reduce the number of wiring and the power consumptions in comparison with our previous device.

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We are developing a bio-implantable glucose-monitoring device based on complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. We investigated basic measuring capability of the CMOS image sensor with glucose-sensitive fluorescent hydrogel in vitro and in vivo experiments. These results show our device can measure glucose concentration.

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Digital Enzyme Linked-ImmunoSorbent Assay(ELISA) is a method to detect highly sensitive of an antigen. Currently, a fluorescence microscope is used to measure an antigen. In this study, we designed a CMOS image sensor incorporating a Programmable Gain Amplifier(PGA) capable of amplifying pixel signals according to the intensity of background light.

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We developed an implantable self-reset CMOS image sensor that can avoid pixel saturation even under intense exposure situation. Using the self-reset image sensor, we successfully observed weak fluorescence of GFP (Green Fluorescent Protein) under high intensity background.

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Cross talk of backside-illuminated CMOS image sensors is simulated by considering three factors. The first is the cross talk to the previous frame, the second is the electrical cross talk and the third is optical cross talk. A comparison of the three factors suggests that the reduction of the optical crosstalk is the most important.

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A column-parallel analog-to-digital converter (ADC) using a cascaded operation of cyclic and successively-approximation (SA) architecture is presented. The architecture achieves a low power consumption exploiting the low power feature of the SA ADC. A 12-bit, 5.6-μm column pitch, prototype ADC implemented with 0.18-μm technology exhibits a power consumption of 75 μW.

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We developed a real-time noise suppression circuit for gain variation fixed-pattern noise (FPN). Gain variation FPN cannot be suppressed by conventional FPN suppression method. We implemented the proposed method into an 8K camera, and we show that the proposed method suppresses FPN level effectively.

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We developed and evaluated 8K Super- Hi-Vision Cameras using 2.5-inch 33M-pix single chip color CMOS image sensor. The camera head can be used 35mm full format lenses. For the lens of super 35 PL mount lenses, we developed a converter lens to enlarge the image circle.

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We prototyped a 120-fps compact 8K Super Hi-Vision camera system. This camera system is consist of 120-fps camera head, 120- to 60-fps frame converter, and two 60-fps CCU(Camera Control Unit)s. We shot football game and juggling performance with the camera, and confirmed that 120-fps video had less motion blur and the picture was clearer than that with 60-fps camera.

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We are researching on underwater video transmission system using retro-reflective material. New analysis on retro reflective sheet on the sphere was in good agreement with our experiment.

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We examined position shift detection performance of optical beam by moving a hemisphere covered with retro reflective sheet. We tested several type of sheet and evaluated their reflective characteristic

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It is essential to understand radio wave propagation for the efficient operation of mobile communication systems. Numerical simulations can support characterizations of the indoor propagation and lead to many new discoveries related to them. This paper employs large-scale numerical simulations to estimate propagation channels of a dual-band wireless LAN system.

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Radio clocks utilize standard radio wave JJY. It is important to measure the electric field strength of the JJY wave and we have made the loop antennas of three axes. In this paper, we describe the results of the measurement and propagation characteristics of the JJY wave.

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We propose a estimation method in regard to horizontal and perpendicular direction. In this paper, we describe the results of field measurements by combining the proposed method of horizontal and perpendicular direction.

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We have been studying dual-polarized MIMO, ultra-multilevel OFDM transmission scheme to enable large-volume content services such as 8K Super Hi-Vision in terrestrial broadcasting. We evaluated the transmission characteristics of IF-TTLs with the dual-polarized MIMO, ultra-multilevel OFDM signals by laboratory experiments. We confirmed the feasibility of inter-transmitter link using two IF-TTLs that are currently used for the conventional digital terrestrial broadcasting.

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In this paper, a new measuring system using "reference wave" is proposed in order to measure DU ratio under ISDB-T co-channel interference which is no correlation between a desired wave and an undesired wave.

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We confirmed the prototype of bidirectional FPU system has ability of more than 150 Mbps file transmission rate, according to bit error rate performance after error correction and TCP throughput.

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UHDTV (8K) distribution on cable TV network was achieved by adopting MPEG-2 TS basis channel bonding technology. We demonstrated UHDTV(8K) cable television distribution that was stably played on the 145-inch 8K PDP display through a commercial large-scale cable network.

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We developed optical transmission equipment for an uncompressed UHDTV (Ultra High Definition Television) using forward error correction coding. The results showed that our equipment can extend the transmission distance by about 25km.

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We transmit 'Osaka International Ladies marathon' Live Video by 4K60P Non-Compression from stadium to KTV broadcast Station. And we compare Non-Compression Video with JPEG2000Video transmitted in parallel.

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This paper proposes a customizable TV program scheduler on a tablet. It is designed for the user not to miss an episode of his/her favorite series. It also recommends new programs considering their preference, and lets them to choose and add some programs easily. Subjective evaluation revealed that 67% of subjects made positive evaluation about the application.

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In this report, we examine the usability of multi-touch actions on tablet-type devices considering the structure of hand-fingers. We show the kinds of multi-touch actions which are easy to perform from limitation for various movements of each finger and relative movement between fingers.

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We have developed a tactile sensation transmission system that uses ultrasound to enable measurement of hardness of an object in a contactless manner. The display system virtually reproduces a real object on the basis of the measured data and has enabled people to feel 3-D surface and hardness of an object by stimulating reaction force to three points on one finger.

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We developed an AR system for drinks witch enables to measure crossmodal effects of vision and sound on taste and texture of drinks, and conducted psychophysical experiments. The results showed that appearance and sound affect taste and texture of drinks, suggesting that our system can control the taste of drinks.

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When eyeballs rotate around visual axis, the detection error of gaze point occurs. To improve the error, in the present study, the method for measuring the eyeball rotation angle around visual axis on the basis of pupil contour detection is proposed.

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It is necessary to recognize facial expression of various kinds of persons, because human-robot interaction will become more important in near future. In this research, we propose a new algorithm for recognizing "joyful" expression which can be used for a lot of persons without special learning processes for each person.

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We propose a robust parameter estimation method for generalized Gaussian distribution and apply it to image classification between natural images and CG images.

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The brain is recognized as a very large-scale network system in which the basic element is a neuron. It is well known that there is intercommunication among the different areas of the brain. However, till date, the rules of communication in the brain have not been successfully analyzed. Create a simulation program of the spike, and elucidate the mechanism of learning neural network from the propagation of the spike. To investigate this mechanism, we did simulation for typically 9x9 2D mesh arrayed neuron network with Hebbian leaning. In this paper we provide simulation results that help to analyze behavior of spikes on simulated neural network. It is possible to confirm that the behavior of the network is changed by changing the time and place of the stimulation.

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The brain is recognized as a very large-scale network system in which the basic element is a neuron. To investigate this mechanism, we simulated for typically 2D 9x9 mesh arrayed neuron network with Hebbian leaning. For one shot stimulation, we could see excitation wave propagation. Then, we assumed that the route of spike propagation in network was optimized since particular synaptic weight was increased. To verify our assumption, we examined the direction for each synaptic weight of each neuron. As a result, particular direction of connection was observed significantly. This suggests our assumption.

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Data communication in neuronal network is performed electrically by propagation of membrane potential generated at individual neurons. Clarifying the mechanism of data communication in the neuronal network, to investigate spike propagation in the neuronal network is essential. Therefore, we simulated a 30x30 mesh arrayed neuronal network with Hebbian leaning. As results of the simulation, the number of synchronized spike was significantly greater when spike propagation of a neuron collided with spike propagation from another neuron. This result suggests that the collision of the spike forms logical connection of data communication, or associative memory.

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The Brain is recognized as a very large-scale network system in which the basic element is a neuron. To investigate this mechanism, we performed a simulation of typically 9x9 2D mesh arrayed neural network with Hebbian leaning. Synaptic weight of each neuron is more activated, which optimize the path of spike propagation, when the stimulated neuron or frequency of stimulation is increased. We found that there is a difference in the necessary number of learnings of weights to reach spike to goal neuron by increasing the number of stimulated neuron and frequency of stimulation.

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We developed an integral-imaging-based capture system with enhanced viewing zone using a camera array. The system allows us to enlarge a viewing angle of a three-dimensional image according to the number of cameras. We conducted experiments to capture, transform and display three-dimensional images, and confirmed the validity of the system.

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A technique of controlling depth positions of optical images provides us with flexibility in capturing subjects in an integral 3D television. We propose a new depth control method using an afocal lens array. It is experimentally confirmed that small objects are captured without depth distortions using our proposed method.

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Toward a development of integral 3D image coding technologies, we compared the PSNR with the MOS of integral 3D coded images. As a result, a similar tendency between the PSNR and MOS was confirmed. The result implied that the PSNR could be used as an objective quality assessment scale.

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This article presents a development of 22.2 multichannel audio player application. The application, consisting of 3D audio rendering by using HRTF and a selector of HRTF with categorized database and a simplified head tracking function using acceleration sensor, runs on a smartphone.

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We reported that there is a significant difference in the visual function of a person who does not fatigue with a person prone to fatigue in stereoscopic image viewing. This experiment was investigated in more detail the characteristics of the eye using a simultaneous perception Inspection. The results of the fatigue group, simultaneous perception is impossible. However, using the integral method image, sensory fusion of the fatigue group becomes possible.

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We have proposed Aerial Imaging by Retro-Reflection (AIRR). To investigate the viewing angle difference between the retroreflective elements, we measure the luminance distributions of an aerial image along the rotation angle of retroreflective sheeting. The micro-beads type forms the aerial image in significantly wider ranges than the prism type.

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