The National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) was established in 1965 as an independent agency of the federal government to support arts in the United States. Art in Public Places (APP) program which NEA launched in 1967 and continued through 1992 gave birth to the term “public art” in a contemporary sense. From the first grant for Alexander Calder's sculpture La Grande Vitesse to Sculpture Chicago's artists-citizens collaborative project Culture in Action, numbers of innovative public art projects received the APP grants. This study shows that the program had constantly expanded the idea of public art.

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The policy that the reformation municipality had done to the conservatism of the nation was the one from 1960's to 70's based on trying the question of “Autonomy” and word “Citizens”. It was the one that it thought about “Citizens” as existence that politically acted, and “Autonomy” is caught as participation of the citizens. It was Keiichi Matsushita, political scientist to have led this, and he planned “Cultural administration” as the part. This text verifies Matsushita's idea, and considers the influence that the idea “Reformation” gave to “Culture”.

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Cultural venues owned by local governments in Japan have been setting their eyes only on arts lovers. Arts have been rarely regarded as public goods in Japanese society. Recently, they have come to adopt workshops and outreach programs to local communities and it have helped people in local community to appreciate arts' value. This new trend will bring about “the assurance of participation” for citizens to create their cultural identities and will also urge people with different opinions to go through “the possibility of dialog”.

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The Educational Museum in Toronto was selected as a model when the Japanese Ministry of Education planned a new museum in Tokyo in 1877. The new museum, the predecessor of the present National Science Museum, was the 11th educational museum in the world. This article discusses the history of the Educational Museum in Toronto which was called the first educational museum in the world and discusses which parts of the Canadian museum Tanaka Fujimaro, as a founder, introduced into the Japanese one.

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The purpose of this paper is to identify the co-operative policy mechanisms of the European countries towards international film co-production. Over the years many countries in Europe have developed international policy frameworks for encouraging international film co-production in order to build and maintain vibrant film industries to compete against Hollywood products. The policy structures have been based upon many bilateral co-production treaties, the multilateral co-production convention titled the European Convention on Cinematographic Co-production and the supranational funding systems including the Eurimages and the MEDIA programme. In analyzing those policy initiatives in Europe, this paper also proposes some suggestions regarding what measures the Japanese government should take in terms of enhancing international competitiveness of the Japanese film industry through co-production with producers from the other Asian countries.

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The efficacy of outreach programs is largely dependent on a musician's unique qualities and pedagogic technique. A classical musician's training gives insight into his/her surrounding social and cultural environments (and the way in which they change); such an examination also helps to broaden the methodology by which future artists are trained. By utilizing outreach programs as a means of promoting music; musicians, university affiliates, and community members alike must cooperate together in order to aid the continued proliferation of music.

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Recently, text mining is considered remarkable for quick processing of a large amount of natural language data. This paper analyzes the significance of museums to a visitor's life through an open-ended questionnaire survey, and discusses the use of text mining for processing the responses. Text mining was used to analyze the questionnaire data obtained from the visitors attending a project exhibition held at the Shizuoka Prefectural Museum of Art.

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The cooperation of company with NPO makes the community consider of amenity, welfare and culture. We surveyed company and NPO in Kyoto about possibility and problem of their cooperation. Analyzing it we find a point of contact about “Social Activities”. That cooperation can create “the Cultural Capital” through exchange and dialogue between company and NPO. It is possible to make such Well-being cycle as “stock→exchange→innovation→creation→stock”. It is possible to make Well-being creative community by their cooperation.

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To search for the correspondence situation to the appointed administrator system, the local governments were investigated. It has been understood that a competing environment is not maintained by the investigation. It is necessary to evaluate cultural facilities so that the introduction of the system may advance in the future. Clarifying the management policy of cultural facilities, and describing to specifications are important for that.

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One of the problems that high school teachers face in conducting the class ‘Hyogen Kyoiku (How to Express Oneself)’ is their students' failure to express themselves properly. As an attempt to help form and express their own views, the writer has had her students participate in producing radio dramas. This essay demonstrates that their experience in radio drama production was highly effective in developing their four abilities, namely the abilities to create a story, to construct the framework of a story, to describe the scene of a story, and to sympathize with the characters of a story.

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