Objective: This study aimed to develop a scale to evaluate coordination practice provided by public health nurses (PHNs) in community general support centers for elderly people with dementia.

Method: Preparation of a draft scale allowed for the selection of 57 items extracted from semi-structured interviews with PHNs in community general support centers; these items were investigated for surface and content, validity by administrators who work with elderly people with dementia, PHNs in community general support centers, and experts on coordination practices. A scale with demonstrated reliability and validity was administered to measure results of a self-administered questionnaire provided to 499PHNs in 414_community general support centers.

Results: The number of subjects surveyed were 372PHNs, with valid date obtained from 314PHNs (valid response rate: 62.9%). Three factors comprising 25 items were selected from 32 items based on the results of item analysis, and exploratory factor analysis. The three subscales were named as follows: Assessing the impact of cognitive symptoms on one’s life; Creating a resource to support elderly people with dementia in the community; and Connecting elderly people with dementia to institutions of medical and nursing care. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the draft scale was 0.90-0.957 and correlation coefficients of the test-retest were 0.818-0.869. Validity assessment was conducted for criterion-related validity for the three subscales. Confirmatory factor analysis was in the acceptable range.

Conclusion: Results confirmed that this scale possesses a certain degree of reliability and validity.

Aim: The study aimed to examine the relationship between work–family conflict (WFC) and willingness to continue working, home care environments, work environments, and housework support for female nurses who work while taking care of a parent.

Method: In all, 480 female nurses who were working in a hospital in Japan while taking care of a parent were included in the study. Data were collected using an anonymous questionnaire and analyzed using multiple regression analyses. WFC scale in female nurses who were working while taking care of their parent (FN-WFC) was used to assess the WFC level.

Results: Mean age and FN-WFC score of the participants was 52.3±6.8 years and 46.8±12.3 (range, 16.0–78.0), respectively. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the FN-WFC score was significantly correlated with waking up in the middle of the night to provide care (β = 0.243, P < 0.01), escorting the parent to a hospital (β = 0.114, P < 0.01), workload in the workplace (β = －0.273, P < 0.01), and support available in cleaning the house (β = －0.115, P < 0.05).

Conclusions: It is important for care managers and visiting nurses to introduce nursing care insurance services in accordance with the burden of nursing care and to help the nurses in cooperating with their families. In addition, it is important for head nurses to provide information regarding the work–life balance support system to female nurses, in cooperation with the director of the nursing department, depending on the situation.

Aim: This study aims to elucidate aspects of health literacy among middle-aged male office workers who do not qualify for Specific Health Guidance while also gaining insight into the direction of future health promotion by way of physical examination.

Method: Study participants were 6 male office workers. The research question was: “How do office workers understand, evaluate, and implement the results of their physical examination?” Data were collected from individual semi-structured interviews and qualitative inductive analysis was performed. This study was conducted with the approval of the affiliated research institution.

Results: Health literacy included the following eight categories: regarding the understanding of physical examination results, “a readout of current general health,” “a vague indication of future health,” and “a learned the importance of health and regular health checkup” were identified; regarding the evaluation of physical examination results, feelings of “I integrate it in my daily life,” “I recognize the significance as information to interpret my health,” and “I judge myself based on the information I get” were identified; and regarding the implementation of physical examination results, “heighten awareness of preventing risk factors of disease” and “help motivate health maintenance and improvement.”

Discussion: It is necessary to improve both how individuals are notified of physical exam results and the support for utilizing the health information. It is further necessary to establish human resources and systems that support health promotion in order to change the environment for middle-aged male office workers.

Purpose: To reveal the activities and issues of nursing interventions targeting parents at parents at high risk of committing child abuse in low-income households. To examine the ways municipal public health nurses (PHNs) work in supporting pregnancy, childbirth, and childrearing, as well as preventing child abuse.

Method: Using a qualitative and descriptive research design, research subjects were selected by PHNs who have achieved success in nursing interventions for the poor with infants. We asked nine PHNs in management roles, with the number of welfare recipients in the top ten municipalities to select research subject candidates. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews.

Results: We analyzed nine cases from PHNs. Nine issues were identified regarding nursing intervention for the poor with infants, whereas 25 nursing activities were classified. Categories included “a possibility of children’s development being hindered because of lack of money for childrearing” and “outreach to households in need of support based on information from counselors for self-reliance projects for the poor.”

Discussion: “Financial difficulty” is the primary factor for support and often comes with “low health management ability during pregnancy and low childcare ability,” “low capacity of leading a normal life,” and “lack of transportation.” Improper childcare occurs when these factors come together. Furthermore, PHNs need to evaluate whether other factors overlap with one another or not, as well as evaluate financial difficulties and decide on necessary support. PHNs must actively grasp whether there are any financial difficulties behind the childcare problem.

Backgrounds: Responding adequately to emergency needs in the initiation phase of visiting nursing is an important requirement for planning lifestyle stability and continuing home care. First, emergency visits by a visiting nurse to new users of visiting nursing services were divided into the first week (1st to 7th day of discharge) and second week (8th to 15th day of discharge) to investigate relationships between the conditions of the emergency visit.

Method: 95 new users of 14 visiting nursing stations and above in October 2015 to September 2016 who received emergency care in the period between the 1st and 15th days of discharge were surveyed for the nature of the emergency and their social resources. The emergency response was analyzed by a chi-square test, and a logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate correlations between parameters with the emergency visit by time since starting visiting nursing.

Results: There were significantly more emergency phone calls and visits in the first week (P < 0.02). The associated factors that affected the emergency visit in the first week were dementia grade III or above (odds ratio 10.09: 95% confidence interval: 1.27-81.11) and performing medical procedures in the second week (3.87: 1.06-14.12).

Conclusions: The results revealed that emergency visits were more frequent in the first week, suggesting the need to make nurse visits twice weekly or more and provide care to users of dementia grade III or above in the first week and then provide medical procedures in the second week.

Aims: This study aimed to identify the present conditions and problems in collaboration between clinical instructors and teachers in the visiting nursing station practice.

Method: We conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey of 77 visiting nurses. We calculated the descriptive statistics and content analysis was performed for the participants’ responses to the open-ended questions.

Results: There were 38 valid responses (49.4%). Most clinical instructors felt that collaboration with teachers was important, but about half of them felt it was difficult. The contents of the participants’ responses regarding collaboration were classified into 5 categories: “Opportunities for collaboration,” “Method of collaboration,” “Contents of collaboration,” “Guidance system in practical training,” and “Merits of clinical instruction.”

Discussion: Fewer than half of the facilities kept a clinical instruction manual, hence it was guessed that there are many facilities where the clinical instructors are in charge of presenting the clinical guidance method. In practical training at a visiting nursing station, there are limited opportunities for clinical instructors and teachers to collaborate directly in sharing information about students. Therefore, it is important for teachers to use prior meetings and feedback to build relationships with clinical facilities and expand collaboration opportunities. Also, during the practice, it is necessary for the roles and relationships of the clinical instructors and the teachers to be communicated.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to review the literature that focusing on the kind of strategies public health nurses (PHNs) used to develop health, medical care and welfare planning, and to obtain concrete suggestions to facilitate planning by PHNs.

Method: The literature published between 2013 and 2018 was searched by using the web of Japan Medical Abstracts Society and CiNii Articles. The researcher utilized keywords; “health promotion plan”, “cancer control promotion plan”, “medical expenses adjustment plan”, “specific health checkups enforcement plan”, “maternal and child health plan”, “disability welfare plan”, “long-term care insurance project support plan”, “long-term care insurance project plan”, “medical care plan”, and “public health nurse”, and “planning.”

Results: Twenty-nine articles were identified; 25 case reports, three commentaries, and one research paper. Among the case reports, seven strategies which PHNs have used through planning were identified: 1) developing a system to facilitate planning, 2) problem analysis, 3) data collection, 4) setting of priority and target group, 5) discussion for realization of programs, 6) preparation for evaluation, 7) others. Few studies indicated any consideration of consistency with the related plans.

Discussion: The results of this research suggested that public health nurses have been conducting planning based on their own experience and knowledge. In order to proceed with developing health, medical care and welfare plans smoothly by PHNs, it is necessary to develop educational programs to learn the concrete strategies for such planning.