エアロゾル研究

特集「粒子生成」

気相における粒子の生成・成長の機構

奥山喜久夫, 吉沢昭宣

1988 年 3 巻 1 号 p. 6-22
発行日: 1988/03/20
公開日: 2011/06/23

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11203/jar.3.6

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大気中におけるエアロゾル粒子生成

笠原三紀夫

1988 年 3 巻 1 号 p. 23-28
発行日: 1988/03/20
公開日: 2011/06/23

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11203/jar.3.23

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気相合成反応による微粒子製造

クックビルフィクレット, 小宮山宏

1988 年 3 巻 1 号 p. 29-35
発行日: 1988/03/20
公開日: 2011/06/23

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11203/jar.3.29

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研究論文

エアロゾル粒子の電子顕微鏡による形状観察と散乱光の偏光解消度との対比－室内実験－

岩坂泰信, 大和政彦, 今須良一, 小野晃

1988 年 3 巻 1 号 p. 36-41
発行日: 1988/03/20
公開日: 2011/06/23

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11203/jar.3.36

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Depolarization ratio of scattered light from aerosol particles strongly reflects nonsphericity of particle shape. We observed the depolarization ratio at a scattering angle = 90° for NaCl, Na₂SO₄ and (NH₄)₂SO₄ particles, and the ratios from these particles were in good agreement with the measurements by Perry et al. (1978). The depolarization ratio is considered to be useful to know external mixing ratio of aerosol particles in the atmosphere.

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都市大気エアロゾルの脂質組成における昼夜変化

大田啓一

1988 年 3 巻 1 号 p. 42-48
発行日: 1988/03/20
公開日: 2011/06/23

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11203/jar.3.42

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In the course of a study to reveal a diurnal variation in organic components of aerosols, size-separated aerosol samples were collected during the daytime (10 : 30 — 17 : 10) and nighttime (20 : 30 — 6 : 30) in summer. The samples were analyzed for aliphatic hydrocarbons and fatty alcohols. Most aliphatic hydrocarbons in both the day and night samples were anthropogenic in origin. Contributions of diesel and gasoline engine exhausts were obvious in the day and night samples, respectively. Fatty alcohols had a natural origin. Epicuticular waxes of plants and soil were the major source materials for the >C₂₂-alcohols. Source materials for the >C₂₀-alcohols could not be identified. There was a difference in the relative contribution of these materials between day and night. A great difference was also observed in the atmospheric concentrations of aliphatic hydrocarbons and fatty alcohols between the day and night samples. The day sample showed high concentrations of these compounds in large particle size ranges. In the small particle size range (<0.8 μm), the night sample was above the day sample in the concentrations of the >C₂₂-alcohols and natural source-derived hydrocarbons. Some factors governing these variations were discussed.

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ボンベガス中の粒子のキャラクタリゼーション

H. Y. Wen, G. Kasper

1988 年 3 巻 1 号 p. 49-59
発行日: 1988/03/20
公開日: 2011/06/23

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11203/jar.3.49

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Methods of particle analysis and questions of data interpretation are discussed for cylinder gases with high initial pressure levels. It is shown that commercial pressure regulators tend to be relatively strong sources and sinks for particles. However, critical orifices are found to be useful for particle sampling from high pressure sources without altering the characteristics of the source by impaction losses or by resuspension of particles. Particle concentrations in cylinders are shown to follow exponential decay laws governed mainly by sedimentation. Particle levels are extremely sensitive to cylinder handling history. Changes from 10/ft³ to 10⁵/ft³ (approx. 10^-4/cm³ to 10/cm³) are observed in conventional uncleaned cylinders filled with N₂, resulting from movement or mechanical shock of the cylinder body.

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