Growth process of semiconductor alloy in atomic scale is studied basing on the experimental results of compositional non-uniformity which is formed around a macrostep riser or in the region of facet to off-facet transition. The non-uniformity is measured by spatially resolved photoluminescence (SRPL) at liquid nitrogen temperature. It is found that the local composition varies with the change in the propagation velocity of atomical step. To understand this, a model is proposed, in which the step edge is assumed to have a different composition to the bulk value (step edge segregation) and this step edge composition is frozen in to give the final bulk composition.
The first series of works on organic semiconductors were on single component system, and then from 1954, multi-component systems have been developed strongly and to find organic superconductors in 1980. However, multi-component systems have some disadvantageous properties such as air and thermal instability. Therefore, semiconducting single component organic compounds are likely to much more suitable for use as molecular devices. In this article, we propose to construct novel single-component organic semiconductors such as “molecular fastener” type group and also quasi-covalent-type organic semiconductors.
A dilution refrigerator cryostat and high pressure cells have been constructed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory under the US-Japan Cooperation Program. The cryostat can produce the temperature down to 1.2 mK under the exposure of neutrons. Antiferromagnetic and sinusoidal arrangements of nuclear spins have been found in several enhanced magnetic systems. The high pressure cell produces the pressure of 2GPa at 4.2 K. Phonons observed under the isochoric condition which was realized by controlling the temperature and the pressure have revealed the deformation of phonons from a simple sinusoidal at high temperatures.