巻号一覧
21 巻 (1981)
- 4 号 p. 123-
- 3 号 p. 77-
- 2 号 p. 37-
- 1 号 p. 1-
21 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
和田 光史, 金丸 文一1981 年 21 巻 3 号 p. 77-78
発行日: 1981/10/20
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (248K) -
無機複合体の合成と性質山中 昭司1981 年 21 巻 3 号 p. 78-82
発行日: 1981/10/20
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーBulky hydroxy-metal cations can be taken up by expansible layer silicates. Hydroxymontmorillonite is prepared by titration of Na-montmorillonite dispersed in nickel nitrate solutions with alkali. Preferential precipitation of the hydroxide in the interlayer region results in the formation of a chlorite-like phase. Hydroxy-Al, -Cr and-Zr montmorillonites prepared by direct exchange of the interlayer cations with the corresponding hydroxymetal cations in aqueous solutions. Some hydroxy-metal clay complexes form oxide pillars between the interlayer region by heat-treatment, which keep the silicate layers apart, and consequently become high surface area solids stable up to 500°C.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (614K) -
シリカ複合体遠藤 忠1981 年 21 巻 3 号 p. 83-87
発行日: 1981/10/20
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーSilica is introduced into the interlamellar region of the swelling clays by hydrolysis and/or oxidation of tris (acetylacetonato) silicon (IV) cations, Si (acac) 3+, and polychlorosiloxanes, (-SiOCl2-) n. At high temperature (i. e. 620°C), the intercalated silica is available for keeping the layer apart with an (001) spacing of 12.6 Å and N2 BET surface area of around 240 m2/g. The clay intercalated silica swells to higher spacings upon adsorption of water, glycerol and pyridine, but the silica is not expelled from the interlayers when the interlayers swell and contract in successive adsorption/desorption cycles. The intercalated silica does not inhibit the ability of the interlayers for exchange reactions, as judged from Cu2+ binding experiments. Infrared studies of NH3, pyridine and NO2 adsorptions indicate the presence of Brönsted acidity and the absence of Lewis acidity in the interlayer regions. The application of the clay-silica complex is considered for catalyst supports, adsorbents, molecular sieve and so forth.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (586K) -
北島 圀夫1981 年 21 巻 3 号 p. 88-93
発行日: 1981/10/20
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーSome synthetic fluorine-micas, such as Na-taeniolite NaMg2Li (Si4O10) F2 and Litaeniolite LiMg2Li (Si4O10) F2, and their analogous fluorine-containing layer minerals exhibit swelling properties. Intercalations of organic and inorganic compounds into the interlayer space take place in these expandable layer minerals. In the present paper, the typical examples of complex fopmations of these fluorine-containing layer minerals are demonstrated and their applications are briefly reviewed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (742K) -
下山 晃1981 年 21 巻 3 号 p. 93-101
発行日: 1981/10/20
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーChemical evolution postulates the prebiotic formation of organic compounds and their accumulation as a necessary preamble to the appearance of life on the earth. Of the surface constituents on the primitive earth, clay minerals may have contributed to the process of chemical evolution because of their wide distribution in geological time and space and their strong affinity for organic compounds.
The possible role of clay minerals in the different stages of chemical evolution may include 1) catalysis in the reaction of monomer synthesis from gaseous constituents of the primordal atmosphere, 2) adsorption of the monomers on their surface, providing a highly concentrated system with specific monomers, 3) dehydration-condensation in polymerization of the monomers to biologically important polymers, and 4) formation of organo-clay complexes through which some replicating systems may evolve. Of these roles, the monomer formation, adsorption, and polycondensation processes are discussed in this paper with particular emphasis on amino acids, peptides, and proteins.
A simulation experiment of prebiotic amino acid formation produced both protein and non-protein amino acids and their racemic mixtures in the presence of montmorillonite. The role of the clay is to promote the formation of amino acids of greater carbon numbers. Adsorption experiments show that there is no selection of protein amino acids over non-protein ones by the clay. However, α-amino acids are less adsorbed than non-α-amino acids under neutral or acidic soluton pH. Neither of D-or L-enantiomers are adsorbed preferentially by the clay, although some reports claim that clay minerals (kaolinite and montmorillonite) can adsorb L-enantiomers selectively. Under fluctuating wet/dry cycles clay minerals can polymerize amino acids upto oligomers, acting probably as a dehydration-condensation agent. The interlayer surfaces and edges of clay minerals are unique areas for chemical evolution and should be investigated more in the study of prebiotic chemistry.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1113K) -
宇田川 重和, 浦部 和順, 井川 博行, 三浦 直樹1981 年 21 巻 3 号 p. 101-107
発行日: 1981/10/20
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーThermal changes of the morphology of fluorophlogopite, tetrasilicic potassium fluor mica, tetrasilicic sodium fluor mica and fluorine bearing phlogopite have been studied by polarized microscope and scanning electron microscope. And the results obtained are as follows:
The forsterite crystals formed from fluorine bearing phlogopites are rounded in outline, whereas the forsterite crystals from fluor micas are idiomorphic. Needle-like crystals of fluormagnesiorichterite are found in heated tetrasilicic sodium fluor mica. The morphological features of the parent crystals are maintained to those of the product crystals through the thermal transformations of fluorine bearing phlogopite, fluorophlogopite and tetrasilicic potassium fluor mica, but there is no evidence showing that the needle-like crystals of fluormagnesiorichterite formed from tetrasilicic sodium fluor mica are the pseudomorphs after the parent crystal. It is, therefore, considered that the fluormagnesiorichterite crystal grows from the vapor phase.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (6518K) -
林 剛, 大津賀 望1981 年 21 巻 3 号 p. 108-118
発行日: 1981/10/20
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーIndonesian kaolin have been studied in order to elucidate the influences of hydroxy aluminum ions formed under the weathering circumstance of the tropical hydrometeor on the surface properties of the clay. The effects on both the addition of the dispersant and the de-alumination treatment on the improvement of the surface properties have been discussed.
Indonesian kaolin mainly composed of kaolinite with fine particle size shows a great acidity and a strong aggregation in water by a large amount of hydroxy aluminum ions yielded on the particle surface. Also the positive charge of Al-OH2+ formed on the particle surface by protonation makes the clay to adsorb anions and also acts as the solid acid point.
The anions of sodium pyrophosphate added as the dispersant are adsorbed on the positive sites of the clay, resulting in dispersing the particles. The dispersion of the clay particles has been improved significantly by the de-alumination treatments with hydrochloric acid or sodium citrate, since the hydroxy aluminum ions are removed from the surface and the charge of the clay particles changes from positive to negative.
However, the hydroxy aluminum ions remained in the clay, which is elutriated from the raw are using sodium pyrophosphate, cause the aging phenomena in aqueous system. In case of the de-alumination with hydrochloric acid it is difficult to remove completely the dissolved aluminum ions from the clay suspension, since the aluminum ions change to hydroxy aluminum ions by hydrolysis with increasing the pH of the suspension by washing.
As a result of improvement of the solid acid property, the clay after the de-alumination treatment shows a excellent function of the hard clay as a reinforcement filler in rubber compared with the elutriated clay.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (8538K) -
喜田 大三1981 年 21 巻 3 号 p. 118-120
発行日: 1981/10/20
公開日: 2011/09/20
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (425K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|