Many students have gained MOS(Microsoft Office Specialist) Access qualifications. However, they seems not to understand the difference between Excel (spreadsheets) and Access (Ddatabase) . Therefore, in order to understand the difference between Access and Excel, we have developed teaching materials of books rental system . I will report on this exercise materials.

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As a phosphorus recovering method, investigation of phosphorus recovering conditions from carbonized sewage sludge was carried out using sodium hydroxide. Carbonized sewage sludge was mixed with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, and treated at 120°C . After this treatment, phosphorus was extracted by a hot-water extraction processes and cooled to 5 °C . for crystallization of sodium phosphate. In order to concentrate the phosphorus in the extracted water for crystallization, introduction of the low S/L ratioextraction processe was investigated. The phosphorus recovery rate was estimated to be about 60% to 70%. Recovered phosphorus was considered Na₃PO₄, from X-Ray analysis and the recovering condition. NaOH remaining in the processes water was identified to be reused as alkali of phosphorus extraction.

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The Okamura theory showed basic human needs of social lives. It consisted of basic human needs of seven social lives. “A demand of economic stability”, “A professional stable demand”, “A family's stable demand”, “A demand of security of health and medical treatment”, “A demand of educational security”, “A demand of the opportunity of social participation or social collaboration”, and “A demand of the opportunity of culture and amusement.” Then, Basic human needs of seven social lives in students were surveyed.

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