-
Tokuji Unno, Yoshihiro Naito, Masaru Shirato
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
1-14
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
One hundred and forty-six articles were selected from journals written in English, German and Japanese using DIALOG Information Services during the past 5 years. The descriptor of the anatomical category was“nose” and those of the diagnostic category were airway resistance, rhinomanometry and nasal resistance. The following analyses were made:
1) Forty-four journals published papers in which rhinomanometry was applied for analyses of various phenomena. The largest number of papers,21, appeared in Rhinology.
2) The largest number of papers,33, were published in US journals. Japanese authors published 13 papers, which ranked 6th.
3) The anatomical sites described in the papers were mostly nasal cavities (91%), but the nasopharynx, facial structure and palate were also studied. Diseases such as inflammation, deformity or allergy were included but research works not describing diseases were the commonest (56.8%). Physiology or pathophysiology was the most common methodological aspect in these papers (85.6%). The papers were mostly written for the purpose of clinical and functional examinations (74.6 %). Reviews and introductory discussions were found regardless of clinical results (15.8%). Effects of chemotherapy and surgery were also evaluated by rhinomanometry (8.8%).
4) Active posterior rhinomanometry was the commonest mode of measurement (44.7%). The second was active anterior rhinomanometry (38.6%). Passive anterior or posterior method was used in 15 studies (10.0%).
5) Although the Pascal was proposed as the standard unit for the pressure, and cm
3/ sec for the flow, cm H
2O and 1/sec were prominent in recently published papers.
6) Certain levels of the flow were favorably used as the reference points.1.5 cm H
2O was the commonest level when the pressures were used as reference points. From the above analyses we concluded that resistance values significantly differed between the leptorrhines and platyrrhines.
View full abstract
-
Yoshihiro Naito, Tokuji Unno, Masaru Shirato
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
15-23
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The effects of nasal secretion on resistance values were tested in 100 subjects. Active anterior rhinomanometry using adhesive tape technique was applied to one group before and after the subjects blew their noses. The same method was applied to the other group before and after the secretion in the nasal cavities was cleansed by aspiration.
Values of nasal resistance did not differ significantly before and after removal of the secretion in normal sublects. The nasal resistance did not always decrease even if a large amount of the secretion was removed. The subjects with swollen turbinates sometimes showed a considerable decrease in the resistance after the removal of the secretion. In general, nose blowing tended to decrease the resistance value when a certain amount was expelled in abnormal subjects. Excessive retention of the secretion inhibited the measurement because of the inflow of the fluid into the conducting tube.
These results suggest that the retained secretion in the nasal cavities should preferably be cleansed by blowing before the measurement.
View full abstract
-
Comparison Among Patients with House Dust or Mite Allergy, Pollinosis and Antigen-unknown Allergy
Mitsuaki Takahashi, Nobuyuki Kanaseki, Yoshihiro Okude, Aya Ohashi, Ta ...
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
24-33
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
One thousand two hundred and sixty patients with allergy during the past nine years were divided into three groups and clinically analyzed. Group H consisted of 636 patients with house dust (HD) or mite allergy, Group P of 223 patients with pollinosis, and Group U of 127 patients in whom the antigen could not be determined.
Males were dominant in group H, but females were dominant in groups P and U. The incidence of a family history of allergy was lower in group U (52%) than that in group H (64%) and group P (61%).
Group H had the highest num ber of patients, with a history of asthma among the three groups.
The peak of the onset of allergic symptoms in Group H occurred in those under five years old. Two peaks were observed in Group P. In group U, most patients with allergic symptoms were over fifteen years old.
We concluded that the onset of allergic sym ptom is influenced by sex, allergic complications and patients family history of allergy.
View full abstract
-
Nobuyuki Kanaseki, Mitsuaki Takahashi, Tokuji Unno, Hiroshi Yajima
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
34-39
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The long-term results of hyposensitization were examined in 114 patients with Graminea pollinosis. All 114 patients had positive reaction to Graminea antigen and nasal allergic symptoms during the Graminea pollen season. The effective rate of specific hyposensitization with Graminea pollen extracts was from 65% to 85%, (mean,75%) and was influenced by sex and the period of disease.
View full abstract
-
Comparison between Chopped Tissues and Enzymatically Dispersed Mast Cells
Shinichi Kawabori, Akira Nakamura, Yoshihiro Okude, Tokuji Unno
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
40-46
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The percentage of histamine release and ultrastructural changes induced by antihuman IgE were studied in chopped tissues and dispersed tissue cells containing free mast cells. Mast cells were dispersed from tonsil and allergic nasal mucosa using pro- teolytic enzymes. Electron microscope examination showed that the morphology of mast cells was preserved. Histamine release of dispersed tissue cells was significantly higher than that of chopped tissues. In addition, dispersed mast cells sometimes showed extensive degranulative changes.
These results demonstrate that histamine release and degranulation of mast cells vary according to different methods used in experiments.
View full abstract
-
Yasuyuki Nagashima, Masaru Shirato, Takeshi Kanaya, Toshihiko Kamito, ...
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
47-53
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Statistical studies were done on 111 patients with definite Meniere's disease who visited our department between 1981 and 1985. The male-to-female ratio was 1: 3. Of these patients,12 (11 %) had bilateral symptoms.
The abnormal findings on the vestibular tests were not related with the duration of illness, intense of vertiginous attack or the interval from the final attack.
Severe hearing loss was observed more frequently in the patients. w ith abnormal caloric response.
View full abstract
-
Masaru Shirato, Yasuyuki Nagashima, Tokuji Unno
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
54-59
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
A comparative study was made of the clinical features of 54 patients with vestibular Meniere's disease (VMD) and 112 with Meniere's disease (MD). The age distribution reached in those 40-49 years old for both VMD and MD. Females were slightly predominant in VMD. There was no significant difference in severity of vertiginous attacks between VMD and MD. Disturbance of standing was more marked in MD, whereas spontaneous nystagmus was more common in VMD. Incidence of canal paresis in caloric response was almost equal in VMD and MD.
Those results suggest that clinical features of VMD are verysimilar to those of MD except for the presence of cochlear symptoms.
View full abstract
-
Kazuhiko Hokunan, Mitsuaki Takahashi, Naoki Hatayama, Takuro Tosho, To ...
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
60-66
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
This study evaluated the tympanostomy tubes used in 64 children (111 ears) with chronic secretory otitis media that was refractory to medical therapy. The mean period from insertion to extrusion was 10.2 months and the average follow-up period after extrusion was 10.4 months. The treatment was considered to be unsuccessful in ears exhibiting recurrence within four months after extrusion. The recurrence rate was significantly lower in patients in whom extrusion occurred after seven years of age and those in whom the tubes had been retained for more than 8 months compared with the other groups. Therefore, we concluded that the tubes should be retained for more than 8 months and until at reast seven years of age.
View full abstract
-
Yoshihiro Okude, Masaru Shirato, Mitsuaki Takahasi, Tatsuya Hayashi, T ...
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
67-76
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Fifty-one patients with squamous cell carcinoma in the maxillary sinus were investigated between 1976 and 1985. There were 32 males and 19 females. Their ages ranged from 29 to 86 years (mea.1 57.9 years). Most cases classified according to the T N M classification proposed by the Japanese Joint Committee were Stage III and IV (94%). The upper-median extending type was dominant (30%). The main treatment was combined therapy consisting of local chemotherapy (5 Fu; 5000 mg), preoperative irradiation (
60Co; 4760 rads) and radical operation. There were ten patients with local recurrence among 41 patients treated with combined therapy. Recurrent cases in which tumors extended to the upper-median region were not controlled. The overall five-year survival rate was 54.8%.
View full abstract
-
Shoko Imoto, Taketoshi Fujita, Naoki Kanai, Shinichi Kawabori, Masaru ...
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
77-85
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Between 1977 and 1985,63 patients (49 males and 14 females) with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity were treated at our department. Their mean age was 58.7 years.
The lesions were found in the tongue (32 cases), mouth floor (12), buccal mucosa (15) and hard palate (4). According to the T classification,7 cases were classified as T 1,36 as T2,16 as T3,4 as T4. Cervical lymph node metastasis was found in 35 cases (55.6%).
The prin c ipal method of treatment for the primary lesion was surgery following preoperative irradiation in 50 cases. Neck dissection was carried out in 47 patients, of whom 13 underwent prophylactic neck dissection.
Local recurrence was noted in 13 cases. Lymph node metastasis after initial treatment occurred in 8 cases. We used radical neck dissection in all 8 cases, and 6 of them were well controlled. Distant metastasis occurred in 9 cases and all of them died.
The 5-year survival rates according to the site of the lesion were 72.0% in tongue,71.4%in buccal mucosa,50.0% in mouth floor and 49.4% in hard palate. All patients survived for 5 years in stage I,94.1% in stage II,54.7% in stage III and 29.0% in stage IV. The most frequent cause of death was distant metastasis and next was local recurrence.
The margin of tumor resection should be carefully determined to prevent local recurrence. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy as the initial treatment should be performed to prevent distant metastasis in advanced cases.
View full abstract
-
Yoshiyuki Ichikawa, Masaru Shirato, Shinichi Kawabori, Mitsuaki Takaha ...
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
86-94
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
A clinical evaluation was conducted on 107 patients with laryngeal cancer treated in our department between 1976 and 1985. Their mean age was 64.0 years, and the male to female ratio was 12: 1. Histopathologically, squamous cell carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor constituting 97.2% of all the cases, whereas there were only 3 cases of verrucous carcinoma. There were 52 cases of glottis,52of supraglottis and 3 of subglottis. The overall five-year survival rate was 62.7%. The five-year survival rates for Stages I to IV were 74.6%,84.9%,54.2% and 31.1%, respectively. As the five-year survival rate of T4 cases was 0%, more aggresive therapies such as combinations of extended operation, irradiation and chemotherapy appear to be required in such cases. In our clinic, the patients with metastases to the cervical lymph nodes at preoperation were treated with radical neck dissection combined with the total laryngectomy in most cases. Radical neck dissection for such patients decreases the number of death due to uncontrolled metastases to the cervical lymph nodes. In the cases of the advanced stage, careful postoperative examination is required.
View full abstract
-
Takeshi Kanaya, Shinichi Kawabori, Shoko Imoto, Tokuji Unno
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
95-102
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
There were 43 males and 37 females. The peak incidence was in the sixth decade. The eighty cases consisted of 57 cases of benign tumors and 23 cases of malignant tumors. Rapid growth, fixation, pain and facial paralysis were commonly observed in patients with malignant tumors. Sialogram and ultrasonic examination were useful for differential diagnosis between benign and malignant tumors but were not always conclusive.
Surgery was the first choice for treatment. For benign tumors, extracapsular removal with facial nerve preservation was the principal method. The results were satisfactory without any recurrence. For obvious malignant tumors, radical or extended radical parotidectomy was mainly performed, followed by cobalt irradiation or chemotherapy when necessary. Five of these 23 patients died due to local recurrence or distant metastasis.
View full abstract
-
Naoki Hatayama, Megumi Kumai, Masaru Shirato, Tokuji Unno
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
103-109
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
One hundred ninety-nine patients with thyroid disease were treated in our hospital between 1976 and 1985. There were 20 males and 179 females. Surgery was performed in 194 patients, and open biopsy in 5. Pathological diagnosis was: nonspecific inflamatory change (2), Hashimoto disease (9), Basedow disease (16), follicular adenoma (59), adenomatous goiter (13), cyst (10), papillary adenocarcinoma (71), follicular adenocarcinoma (16) and 1 case each of anaplastic carcinoma, and malignant lymphoma. Total lobectomy was performed for solitary nod tiles, and subtotal or total thyroidectomy was performed when extended to the isthmus, or to the opposite lobe. Total thyroidectomy was carried out in 3 cases of adenomatous goiter. When nodes containing metastatic carcinoma were located adjacent to the cervical region, radical neck dissection was performed.
View full abstract
-
Megumi Kumai, Naoki Hatayama, Mitsuaki Takahashi, Masaru Shiratoa, Tok ...
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
110-114
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Thallous chloride-
201Tl[
201TlCl] tends to readily concentrate in thyroid nodules. Since 1984, we have performed xerography, ultrasonography and scintigraphy for nodular thyroid tumors to establish the preoperative diagnosis.
Scintigraphy was carried out in patients who e x hibited cold nodules by
99mTc or
131I and high uptake in an early scan by
201Tl. Both procedures were performed in 54 patients within 10 minutes and 2 hours later after intravenous administration of
201TlCl
The scintigrams of 17 cases of the thyroid carcinomas [papillary adenocarcinoma in 14 cases, follicular adenocarcinoma in 2 cases, anaplastic carcinoma in 1 case] exhibited abnormally high activities in the early image corresponding to the cold nodules by
99mTc or
131I, and the activities remained clearly detectable in the delayed scintigram.
In 6 benign cases [4 of follicular adenoma, and one each of adenomatous goiter and adenomatous goiter + follicular adenoma] abnormal activity still remained in the delayed image. These cases require careful follow-up, because they have high probability of developing carcinoma.
It was found that the a bnormal activity in the delayed scintigram almost always reflected malignant thyroid tumors while the activity that vanished in the delayed scintigram did not always reflect benign lesion. Thus the combination of early and delayed scintigraphy using
201TlCl appears to be useful in differentiating malignant thyroid tumors from benign ones.
View full abstract
-
Akihito Watanabe, Mitsuaki Takahashi, Shinichi Kawabori, Masaru Shirat ...
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
115-122
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
We examined 34 patients with tumors of nasal cavity between 1976 and 1986. There were nineteen benign tumors (three papillomas, one pleomorphic adenoma, ten hemangiomas, two angiohemangiomas, two leiomyomas and one benign nonepitherial tumor) and fifteen malignant tumors (three squamous cell carcinomas, one adenocarcinoma, seven malignant lymphomas, two malignant melanomas, one hemangiopericytoma and one case suspected of angiosarcoma). All benign cases were treated. with global resection, with no recurrence to date. In malignant cases, three squamous cell carcinoma were treated with combined therapy (preoperative irradiation and resection) and one adenocarcinoma was treated with resection only. Three of these patients survived without tumor. We treated eleven malignant nonepitherial tumors. Six of these patients survived more than two years.
View full abstract
-
Akira Nakamura, Shinichi Kawabori, Shigeru Saito, Tokuji Unno
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
123-129
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Between 1976 and 1986,129 cases of foreign bodies in otolaryngological regions were treated at our department. The locations of the foreign bodies were as follows: 50 cases in the esophagus (39% of all foreign bodies),28 cases in the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus (22%),20 cases in the external auditory canal (15%),18 cases in the oral cavity and pharynx (14%),11 cases in the trachea and bronchus (8.5%), and 2 cases in the stomach (1.5%).
Twenty-four cases (48%) involving the esophagus were in children under 5 years of age and 11 (22%) were in patients over 60 years old. Coins were the most common foreign body in the esophagus. Most cases involving the trachea and bronchus were in children under 2 years of age. The main foreign bodies were peanuts. None of the patients had severe complications.
View full abstract
-
Naoki Kanai, Satoshi Nonaka, Mitsuaki Takahashi, Tokuji Unno, Hiroshi ...
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
130-135
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
A rare case of osteogenic sarcoma of the upper jaw is reported. A 51-year-old woman with swelling of the left cheek visited our hospital in 1982. She had received. radiation therapy from 1943 to 1945 because of a leftcheek mass of unknown eti- ology. The mass began to grow rapidly when she was eighteen years old and she underwent wide excision of tumor and radiation therapy in some hospital. The histological diagnosis of tumor was osteogenic sarcoma. Since then, the local region was well controlled. However, her left cheek gradually began to swell again when she was 44 years old.
Despite chemotherapy, the cheek tumor enlarged and her condition deteriorated gradually. She died of central respiratory insufficiency due to intracranial tumor invasion. Autopsy showed a large osteogenic sarcoma of the left upper jaw with invasion to bilateral parapharyngeal spaces, ethmoid sinuses, orbital spaces and intracranial space.
View full abstract
-
Takuro Tosho, Mitsuaki Takahashi, Naoki Hatayama, Tokuji Unno
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
136-140
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
A case of nasal septal abscess due to infection of an impacted supernumerary tooth of an upper incisor is reported. After initial surgical drainage of the abscess, antibiotic treatment was given, and no sequelae have been noted. Nasal septal abscess of dental origin is usually caused by a periapical abscess secondary to an infected root of an upper tooth. In the present case, however, an impacted supernumerary tooth of an upper incisor caused the condition. Ninety six previous cases reported in Japan are reviewed.
View full abstract
-
Toshihiko Kamito, Mitsuaki Takahashi, Naoki Kanai, Tokuji Unno
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
141-146
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
A 14-year-old boy with a one-year history of an elastic hard tumor in the right preauricular region visited our hospital. The tumor was located in the right masseter and excised. By histopathological examination, this tumor was diagnosed as alveolar soft part sarcoma. This sarcoma is an uncommon neoplasm and infrequently encountered in the region of the head and neck. Histopathological characteristics of this sarcoma are alveolar structures, PAS-positive diastase-resistant granules and crystalloid structures. In our case, NSE and S-100 protein were immunohistochemically detected. The results suggest that alveolar soft part sarcoma is of neurogenic origin.
View full abstract
-
Yutaka Hayashi, Megumi Kumai, Mitsuaki Takahashi, Osamu Yanai, Tokuji ...
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
147-153
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare, rapidly growing malignant tumor of the head and neck. We treated three patients with this disease.
Case 1: A 11-year-old male had a tumor in the epipharynx. We performed irradiation (pre and post), palliative operation, chemotherapy (VAC and CHOP). But he died in 17 months later from first visit.
Case 2: A 45-year-old male had a tumor in the left masseter muscle. Radical operation had been done. But it occurred a local recurrence in 6 months later, so we performed reoperation. Now he has no tumor by reoperation clinically.
Case 3: A 18-year-old female had a tumor in the left parapharyngeal space. Tumor destroyed the posterior wall of the maxillary bone and mandibular bone. Radical operation and VAC therapy had been done. There is no tumor now.
We intend to treat this tumor by combined therapy (operation and VAC therapy).
View full abstract
-
Relation to Acute Thyroiditis
Etsuji Nagano, Shinichi Kawabori, Shoko Imoto, Mitsuaki Takahashi, Mas ...
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
154-159
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Four patients with pyriform sinus fistula are reported. Three of them had acute thyroiditis. The characteristic clinical feature was recurrent painful swelling at the anterior neck of the lobe of the thyroid gland. Fluoroscopy with barium revealed a fistula originating from the apex of the left pyriform sinus in all 4 cases. Complete removal of the filtula is required for permanent cure.
View full abstract
-
Satoshi Nonaka, Tokuji Unno
1987 Volume 1987 Issue Supplement15 Pages
160-166
Published: August 10, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: November 27, 2012
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
We examined the neuronal mechanisms of sneezing in precollicular postmammillary decerebrate cats. Mechanical stimulation (duration; 5 s, frequency; 20 Hz, amplitude; 500μm) of the nasal membrane by means of a spring coil vibrator evoked sneezes. In the same preparation, electrical stimulation (0.2 ms,10 Hz,10-40 μA) of a certain area within the lower brainstem evoked sneezes. The sequences of EMG activation and the accompanying change in the subglottic pressure were almost the same for mechanically and electrically induced sneezes. The sneeze evoking region was located ventromedial to the spinal trigeminal nucleus, and extended rostrocaudally from P4.0 to 12.0 according to Horsley-Clarke coordinates. A microlesion made at a caudal portion of this region diminished the effects of rostral stimulation, but a microlesion made at the rostral portion had no effect on caudal stimulation.
These results suggest that the sneeze evoking region is located in the medulla oblongata, with no regional differences from the rostral region to the caudal region. This region appears to control the respiratory, intrinsic laryngeal, epipharyngeal muscles. The integrated activity of these muscles evokes sneezes.
View full abstract
