Correlativity of the number of prescriptions for inpatients with that of groups of drugs in prescriptions, and of drugs prescribed, as well as the characteristics of the medication order patterns, was studied. Great correlativity was observed in the number of prescriptions with the number of groups of drugs and that of drugs prescribed. Since the regression lines of these items showed great statistical significance, it must be possible to estimate the number of groups of drugs, drugs prescribed, etc. from the number of prescriptions by means of the formula of the regression lines. In order to know the proper amount of dispensing service, it is necessary to select the investigation items depending on the contents of prescriptions.

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Fundamental studies are essential for the practice of in vitro antibacterial sensitivity test of antibiotics. In vitro minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ampicillin was tested to study the conditions of selection of proper culture media using 6 standard strains of Staph. aureus, E. coli and Salmonella. Although the results of MIC tests hardly showed disparity among the culture media tested, heart infusion broth medium proved to be the best bacterial growth medium, and trypticase soy agar to be most sensitive in the MIC test. Antibacterial sensitivity was considerably influenced by the pH of the medium and bacterial cell counts. Optimal antibacterial sensitivity was obtained with a culture medium in the pH range of 7.0 to 7.5 and with bacterial cell count of 1×10⁶/ml.

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In preparation for determination of bioavailability of drugs, in vitro disintegration test and dissolution test were conducted on 7 brands of oral anticancer agents containing 1-(2-tetra hydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil, so as to compare their equivalency. Disintegration test was carried out in conformity with J. P. IX and dissolution test was made with sartorius solubility simulator. Three test fluids were used:(1) 1st fluid (artificially prepared gastric solution, pH 1.2);(2) 2nd fluid (artificially prepared intestinal solution, pH 7. 5);(3) water (pH 5. 6). Significant difference (not less than 5 %) of the disintegration time was observed among brands and test fluids; as for 50 % dissolution time, significant difference (not less than 5%) was observed among brands and not among test fluids.

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Activity and unit of kallidinogenase preparations, currently available from many pharmaceutical manufacturers, are not common among the products of different manufacturers. Pharmaceutic, biological and purity tests were made on 7 brands of kallidinogenase tablets and 2 brands of capsules in order to make their qualitative comparison. There was much variation in the test results observed among the products examined, indicating that the preparations with large dosage strength do not always show corresponding efficacy and that a product which shows excellent result in one test is found to be not excellent in the other.

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Three brands of commercial multiple digestive enzyme capsules (EX, RZ and FT) were tested for their digestive enzyme activities and dissolution of enzymes in the solution of pH 3.0, 5.0, 6.5 and 7.5. Further, digestive enzyme activities and weight variations of the products in three different lot numbers were compared with each other. EX had strong activities of lipase and protease (pH 7.0), but acid-resistance of enteric coated granules was relatively weak. Enzyme activities of RZ and FT were not so strong, but their enteric coated granules showed satisfactory acid-resistance, being dissolved in the solution with pH 6.5 but not in the solution with pH 5.0. Generally, inter-lot differences of enzyme activities were found to be comparatively small.

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Sterility tests were conducted on 15 kinds of ophthalmic solutions and 4 kinds of ophthalmic ointments used at Sapporo Medical College Hospital. Thioglycollate medium was used as culture medium for ophthalmic solutions and tryptone soya agar medium for ophthalmic ointments. It was found that the following 3 ophthalmic solutions were contaminated with Candidn Krusei, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis and. Gaffkya tetragena: Catalin, phospholine Iodide (Echothiophate Iodide) and Artificial Tear. Further, ophthalmic, ointments containing cortisone acetate and flavin adenine dinucleotide were contaminated with Staph. epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, Flavobacterium and Moraxella. In the above tests no pathogenic microorganism was found, but it was reported that Bacillus and Moraxella are apt to cause an infection of the cornea.

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Fourteen lots of tablets, capsules and granules of commercial lysozyme chloride preparations, manufactured by six differerent companies, were evaluated for their pharmaceutical qualities. Significant difference of in vitro dissolution rate was noted between these products, when tested with 1st and 2nd fluids in the disintegration test of J. P. IX as dissolution media in the rotation method of U. S. P. XIX. The dissolution rate may have relationship with clinical effect of the products. By disc electrophoresis, impure protein was found to be contained in the preparations of all but one manufacturer. New quantitative analytical method by means of the area of bacteriolysis on gel-plate was developed in this study. The new method proved to produce results same as those obtained by the conventional method on the basis of the change in turbidity depending on bacteriolysis.

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Introduction of multicard selector into hospital pharmacy for the control of injection drugs was discussed. A total of 16 items of the injection preparations used in the Nagoya University Hospital were coded on IBM cards. The items included trade name, standard commodity classification, name of manufacturer, expiration date, drug tariff, annual consumption, annual expenses, specification and storage. That method enabled to select cards from any direction and to keep effective control. It was found by the use of the selector that injection drugs to be purchased in the new fiscal year are chosen on the basis of the record in the previous year, and the pharmacy control is made more efficiently by selecting the frequently used drugs and putting them out quickly. The cards of the drugs with short shelf life are selected from time to time to keep watch on their turnover so as to prevent storage after expiration date.

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Quality tests were performed on five brands of amoxicillin capsules (250mg potency) in terms of weight variation, disintegration and dissolution. All samples complied with the tests for weight variation and disintegration in the Japanese Minimum Requirements of Antibiotic Products, and dissolution of ingredient was rapid. Thus there was not a qualitatively questionable products. But the capsules of a brand having the largest weight variation showed the largest variation in the dissolution test.

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