Introduction：The range of motion (ROM) of the distal transverse arch of the hand has not been established and cleared sufficiently.

Purpose：The aim of this study was to clarify the differences in the distal transverse arch of the hand in ROM between the dominant and non-dominant hands and by sex and age.

Participants：We enrolled 118 healthy participants aged 20-69 years.

Results：The average active and passive ROMs of the distal transverse arch of the hand were 135.4° ± 10.3°/168.9° ± 12.1° on the dominant side and 131.8° ± 9.8°/166.9° ± 13.2° on the non-dominant side. Active and passive ROMs were significantly larger on the dominant side than on the non-dominant side (p＜0.001, p＝0.009). The active or passive ROM of the distal transverse arch of the hand on either side did not differ significantly between men and women. However, the ROM of the ring finger component was significantly larger in women than in men on both sides (p＝0.02～0.003). The active and passive ROMs of the distal transverse arch in both hands were significantly smaller in participants aged over 60 years than in those aged up to 60 years (p＜0.05). Moreover, compared to participants in their 20s, participants in their 30s and 40s showed lower passive ROMs of the dominant hand and little finger component of the transversal arch in both hands (p＜0.05).

Discussion：Our results suggested that handedness, sex, and age should be considered when managing the distal transverse arch of the hand.

Objective：The Clinical Trunk Control Test (CTCT) is used to assess trunk function worldwide, particularly for patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), with good reliability and validity. In Japan, trunk function evaluation methods specialized for patients with SCI are scarce. The aim of the present study was to create a Japanese version of CTCT (CTCT-J) and verify its reliability.

Methods：CTCT-J was created using the double-back translation format. The inter-rater reliability was calculated based on the total CTCT-J score and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for each item. The weighted kappa coefficient was calculated for each subtest. To verify internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated for the CTCT-J total score and each item.

Results：We enrolled 12 patients with SCI, including ten men and two women, with an average age of 51.9 ± 17.8 years. Nine and three patients had cervical and thoracic SCI, respectively. The ICC for inter-rater reliability ranged from 0.995 to 1.000 (p ＜0.05). The weighted kappa coefficient for each subtest ranged from 0.756 to 1.000 (p ＜0.05). In the internal consistency test, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for all items was 0.995 (p ＜0.05).

Conclusion：We created the CTCT-J with double back translation and verified its reliability. Good inter-rater reliability and internal consistency were observed, indicating its applicability in Japan.