Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy
Online ISSN : 1880-9014
Print ISSN : 0532-8799
ISSN-L : 0532-8799
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Volume 59, Issue 11
November
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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  • Photovoltaic Properties of TiO2-ZnO Composite Electrodes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
    Junichi HOJO, Hui TONG, Shunsuke SHINTANI, Miki INADA, Yumi TANAKA, Na ...
    2012 Volume 59 Issue 11 Pages 621-625
    Published: November 15, 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.59.621
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    Photovoltaic properties of wet-type dye-sensitized solar cells were investigated with emphasis on the structures of two types of TiO2-ZnO composites as photoelectrodes. One was the mixed electrode of TiO2 and ZnO powders. Another was the TiO2-coated ZnO nanorod array prepared by a sol-gel process. The composite films were loaded on a transparent electrode and clacined at 450-500°C, on which dye molecules were adsorbed. The current-voltage characteristics were measured in iodide electrolyte solution under a simulated solar light. The mixed electrode exhibited a significant decrease in current density and photovoltaic efficiency compared to TiO2 electrode. Although the photovoltaic efficiency of ZnO was lower than that of TiO2, TiO2 coating of ZnO nanorod array improved the photovoltaic properties. The addition of triblockcopolymer as pore former in TiO2 coating was effective to increase the photovoltaic efficiency. The control of the concentration of TiO2 slurry was also important for homogeneous penetration into ZnO nanorod array.
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  • Fabrication of Ceria- and Lanthanium Gallate-based Solid Electrolyte Layers on Porous NiO-YSZ by Sequential Electrophoretic Deposition Process
    Harue T. SUZUKI, Tetsuo UCHIKOSHI, Kiyoshi KOBAYASHI, Kenji FURUYA, To ...
    2012 Volume 59 Issue 11 Pages 626-630
    Published: November 15, 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.59.626
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    The microstructure control of NiO-YSZ for SOFC anode was performed using rice starch as pore former. Positively-charged NiO-YSZ slurry and negatively-charge rice starch slurry were heterocoaglated and then filtrated to prepare green plates. The rice starch was burnt out by sintering in air and porous NiO-YSZ electrode was obtained. The surface of NiO-YSZ substrate was coated with conductive polypyrrole to give electric conduction that is essential for EPD processing. The GDC/LSGM/GDC laminar coating was conducted by sequential deposition on the same substrate. The electrolyte layers were easily sintered together on the anode without cracking and peering-off at the interfaces.
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  • Wax-type Molding Aid for Preparation of Cermet
    Kiyotaka KATOU, Akihiro MASTUMOTO, Koji SHIMOJIMA, Hiroyuki HOSOKAWA
    2012 Volume 59 Issue 11 Pages 631-636
    Published: November 15, 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.59.631
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    On the preparetion of Ti(C0.7N0.3)-19 mass%Mo2C-24 mass%Ni cermet, solid paraffin, liquid paraffin and wax-emulsion were selected for the aid of press-molding. The properties of green and sintered compacts using these molding aids were investigated. The obtained results were summrized as follows. (1) As the result of thermal dewaxing for φ 50 mm×H 50 mm columnar-shaped green compact, the cracks on the compact after dewaxed was hard to occur using liquid paraffin and wax-emulsion. (2) The green compact by wax-emulsion had higher bending strength than those by other molding aids. (3) The sintered compact by liquid paraffin had more homogeneous microstructure and higher transverse rapture strength of 1.59 GPa than those by other molding aids. (4) The addition of deflocculant to the wax-emulsion decreased the viscosity of suraly after wet milling and enhanced the transverse rapture strength of the sintered compact to 1.88 GPa.
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  • Evaluation Method of Thermal Shock Resistance of Cermets
    Tetsushi MASTUDA, Teiichi KIMURA, Hideaki MATSUBARA
    2012 Volume 59 Issue 11 Pages 637-644
    Published: November 15, 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.59.637
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    Tungsten (W) used in cemented carbide tools is one of rare metals. As there is some concern about securing its stable supply, the development of W substituted materials is required. For the development of the substituted materials for tungsten carbide (WC)-based cemented carbide, new titanium carbonitride (Ti(C, N))-based cermets and new coating technology have been studied for applying them to cutting tools and wear- resistant tools. Thermal shock resistance is an important property of tool materials used in severer environment. However, evaluation method of thermal shock resistance has not been established for cermets. In order to develop a method to evaluate the thermal shock resistance, a constant heat flux method was studied by FEM calculation. Furthermore, irradiation experiments using a high power laser were conducted; laser beam was irradiated on the surface of thin specimens. The experimental results showed that a critical laser power for crack initiation can be used practically to evaluate the thermal shock resistance of cermets.
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  • Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cu-40%Zn-0.5%Cr Alloy by Powder Metallurgy
    Hisashi IMAI, Shufeng LI, Katsuyoshi KONDOH, Yoshiharu KOSAKA, Takuya ...
    2012 Volume 59 Issue 11 Pages 645-651
    Published: November 15, 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.59.645
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    In this study, microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-40Zn brass alloy with 0.5 mass% Cr additive produced by powder metallurgy (P/M) were investigated.Cu-40Zn-0.5Cr and Cu-40Zn brass powder were made by water-atomization process, and used as raw materials. These powder compacts were consolidated by hot extrusion at various temperatures. Yield stress of Cu-40Zn-0.5Cr extruded at 773 K was 514.6 MPa, while that of the conventional Cu-40Zn extruded at the same temperature was 332.6 MPa. Solid solution of chromium in the Cu-40Zn-0.5Cr brass alloy extruded at 773 K was about twice as that in the same brass alloy extruded at 873 K. The ratio of solid solution strengthening by chromium additives was 130 MPa/mass%[Cr]. The grain size of extruded materials increased with increasing the extrusion temperature.
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  • Low-temperature Synthesis of Group 4-8 Transition Metal Carbides Using Lithium or Sodium
    Koki KANNO, Takahiro YAMADA, Hisanori YAMANE
    2012 Volume 59 Issue 11 Pages 652-660
    Published: November 15, 2012
    Released on J-STAGE: January 11, 2013
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.59.652
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    TiC0.7 and Mo2C powders were prepared by heating Ti-C and Mo-C compacts and Li or Na at temperatures of 800-900°C for 12 h in an Ar atmosphere. These temperatures were 200-350°C lower than those at which Ti and Mo fully reacted with C without the addition of Li or Na. The grain size of the TiC0.7 and Mo2C powders was close to that of the source metal powders. In the Tm-C systems (Tm = Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, and Mn), the addition of Li or Na to Tm-C compacts enhanced the formation of ZrC, VC, NbC, TaC, Cr7C3, and Mn23C6 at 800°C. On the other hand, no effect was observed for the formation of carbides in the systems with Tm = Fe, Ru, Hf, W, and Re.
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