Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy
Online ISSN : 1880-9014
Print ISSN : 0532-8799
ISSN-L : 0532-8799
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Volume 56, Issue 11
November
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Paper
Rapid Communication
  • Development of Brazed Diamond Abrasive Wire Saws for Slicing Single Crystal-Silicon
    Makoto Inoue, Yasunori Murata, Taisuke Higashi, Takanori Onoki, Masaru ...
    2009 Volume 56 Issue 11 Pages 657-660
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.56.657
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    Existing methods for slicing hard and brittle materials such as silicon use loose abrasives or fixed abrasive wire of which abrasives are adhered onto wire by resinoid bond or electroplating bond. Authors made an experiment to adhere abrasives onto high-tensile-strength SUS304 wire using low melting temperature brazing filler metal. The results were as follows.
    1. Surface of diamond abrasives were modified by coating thin layers of TiC and Ni-P followed by heat treatment at 1173 K. Wettability with brazing filler metal and adhesive strength were improved.
    2. By drawing SUS304 wire upward through vertically connected two crucibles of molten brazing filler metal and diamond abrasives, we successfully made the fixed abrasive diamond wire saw.
    3. We converted a loose abrasive cutting machine into a fixed abrasive multi wire saw. Using this machine, we sliced single-crystal silicon and obtained desired results.
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Paper
  • Low temperature brazing characteristics and mechanical properties of Ag-Cu-Sn alloys
    Taisuke Higashi, Makoto Inoue, Takamasa Onoki, Masaru Yokota, Yasunori ...
    2009 Volume 56 Issue 11 Pages 661-667
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.56.661
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    This study focuses on Ag-Cu-Sn ternary alloys used as brazing filler metals. These alloys are known to have a high wettability and a low melting temperature. However, the alloys become brittle by the addition of large amounts of Sn. In this study, we investigated the brazing characteristics and the mechanical properties of Ag-Cu-Sn ternary alloys that contain Sn in the range of 15 to 30 wt.% Sn, which have not been reported until now. 47.5 wt.% Ag-25.5 wt.% Cu-27.0 wt.% Sn alloy was compatible ratio with low melting temperature and high wettability. However the alloy was very brittle because of the existence of Cu3Sn. This material is known as hard and brittle intermetallic compounds. We added Ni to the alloy to improve the brittleness. 1 wt.% Ni addition improved its rupture strain significantly. It is suggested that the good mechanical properties are derived from production of (Cu, Ni)3Sn intermetallic compounds and grain coarsening.
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  • Cutting Performance of a Turning Insert Having an Arc-shaped Finishing Edge
    Tadahiro Wada, Jun Nakanishi
    2009 Volume 56 Issue 11 Pages 668-671
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.56.668
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    In turning operations, it is effective to use a larger corner radius or a lower feed rate to obtain a good machined surface. However, turning at lower feed rates decreases productivity and it has a negative influence on the turning operation because of the continuous chip. In turning of a shaft having a step of specified corner R, it is important whether the corner radius of the turning insert is the same as specified corner R or lower than it. A turning tool with a large corner radius cannot adapt to cutting a shaft having a step of specified corner R. In this study, the surface roughness, cutting force, and tool wear were experimentally investigated in order to clarify the cutting performance of the turning insert having an arc-shaped finishing edge formed at the point of intersection between the corner radius and the end cutting edge. Work piece material SKD11 was turned with two kinds of turning inserts that had different radii of the arc-shaped finishing edge.
    The main results obtained are as follows. (1) The machined surface of the insert having an arc-shaped finish edge was better than that of the normal insert. (2) The wear progress of the insert having an arc-shaped finish edge was slightly slower than that of the normal insert. (3) The cutting force of the insert having an arc-shaped finish edge was almost the same as that of the normal insert.
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  • Tool Wear of (Ti, W, Si)N Coated Cemented Carbide in Cutting Hardened Steel
    Tadahiro Wada, Kohji Iwamoto
    2009 Volume 56 Issue 11 Pages 672-676
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.56.672
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    Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride compact (cBN) tools are widely used for cutting hardened steel, due to their higher hardness and higher thermal conductivity. However, in higher feed rate cutting, fracture of the cBN cutting tool occurs easily because it has poor fracture toughness. Coated cemented carbide tools, which have good fracture toughness and wear resistance, seem to be effective tool materials in the higher feed rate cutting of hardened steel.
    In this study, hardened steel (SKD11, 60HRC) was cut with three physical vapor deposition (PVD) coated cemented carbide tools in order to investigate effective tool materials for cutting hardened steel at high feed rate cutting. The coating films used were (Ti, Al)N, (Ti, W, Si)N and (Ti, W)N/(Ti, W, Si)N coating film.
    The following results were obtained: (1) In turning hardened steel, the wear progress of the (Ti, W)N/(Ti, W, Si)N coated tool was slower than that of the (Ti, Al)N or (Ti, W, Si)N coated tool. (2) In milling hardened steel, the (Ti, W)N/(Ti, W, Si)N coated cemented carbide was an effective tool material for high speed cutting below a cutting speed of 2.5 m/s.
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Special Issue: Recent Studies of Metallic Glasses
Summarization
Paper
  • A Proposal for the New Concept of Structures of Metallic Glasses
    Eiichiro Matsubara
    2009 Volume 56 Issue 11 Pages 679-682
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.56.679
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    Structural analyses of conventional amorphous alloy Zr-Ni and metallic glass Zr-Al-Ni have been studied in combination of measurements by neutron diffraction and x-ray diffraction, and their structural models have been built with the reverse-Monte Carlo method by Fukunage et al. The structural models provided us some important results. Firstly, the density of icosahedron-like polyhedra increases in the metallic glass in comparison with the conventional amorphous alloy. Secondly, the structures of amorphous alloys which include the conventional amorphous alloys as well as the metallic glasses would be characterized by the three distinct polyhedra, that is, the icosahedron-like polyhedra (I), the trigonal prism-like polyhedra (P) and the polyhedra (W) which do not belong to either. As mentioned above, the ‘ I ’ polyhedra are commonly found in the metallic glasses. The ‘ P ’ polyhedra resemble the local atomic configurations of the primary crystalline phase precipitated in the amorphous matrix. Thus, the glass formability has been determined by the competition between ‘ I ’ and ‘ P ’. The ‘ W ’ polyhedra appear in the metallic glass with increase in the fraction of ‘ I ’. They show large coordination numbers more than 13. Taking into consideration of the atomic sizes of the constituents, W is a polyhedron consisting of weakly bonded atoms in comparison with I and P. A spatial distribution of W controls the inhomogeneity of the metallic glass and is profoundly related with the fragility and other physical properties.
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Review
  • Formation of Glassy Alloy Coating by High Velocity Thermal Powder Deposition and their Applications
    Takanori Igarashi, Kouji Nakashima, Tomohito Ishikawa, Masaharu Sugiya ...
    2009 Volume 56 Issue 11 Pages 683-692
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.56.683
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    Glassy alloy is a promising material for a wide range application because of its superior mechanical and chemical characteristics. If the forming technology, which realizes a glassy alloy coating on the surface of various products, was established, its application will be widely expanded.
    In this description, first, we described to produce the glassy phase coating by using Fe43Cr16Mo16C15B10 glassy alloy powder and HVOF (High Velocity Oxy-Fuel) spraying process. And it was coated onto the substrate such as stainless-steel, aluminum-alloy and magnesium-alloy. As a result, we confirmed it possible to produce them on each substrate.
    Second, to examine the formation process to attain the glassy phase coating, we carried out experiment of coating, using Fe43Cr16Mo16C15B10 glassy alloy powder and crystallized powders of it, and two different thermal-spraying-equipment (HVOF: High Velocity Oxy-Fuel, APS: Atmospheric Plasma Spraying). As a result, in HVOF, most glassy alloy particles were estimated to coat with the glassy phase due to its low viscosity flowing in super-cooled liquid state without melting. And we also confirmed it possible to get the glassy phase coating extremely stably in HVOF, as compare with coating in APS that almost particles were completely melted.
    As the examples to practice application, we introduced "erosion resistance against lead-free solder", "coating for metal bipolar plate" and "soft magnetic coating".
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Paper
  • Melt-Liquid Joining of Heterogeneity Metallic Glassy Alloy and Mechanical Properties
    KunSu Son, XinMin Wang, Akihisa Inoue
    2009 Volume 56 Issue 11 Pages 693-696
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.56.693
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    The new metallic bulk glass joining technique which enables the joining of Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10 and Cu42Zr42Ag8Al8 bulk glassy alloys without any crystallization has been developed. The joining technique utilizes the collision-induced diffusion phenomenon between the Zr- and Cu- based molten alloy streams with high velocity generated by ejection of alloy liquid through two nozzles at different directions. The joined region has nearly the same structure, thermal stability and mechanical properties as those for the original glassy alloys. The success of joining the Zr- and Cu-based bulk glassy alloys directly joined from liquid without any intermediate process is desired as a new type of engineering materials.
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Memorial Lecture of JSPM Award
  • Development of Powder Metallurgy Aluminum Alloys with High Strength and High Elevated Temperature Strength
    Hisamichi Kimura, Kenichiro Sasamori, Akihisa Inoue
    2009 Volume 56 Issue 11 Pages 697-708
    Published: 2009
    Released on J-STAGE: December 09, 2009
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.56.697
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    We developed aluminum-based alloys consisting of amorphous, quasicrystalline, nano quasicrystalline plus fcc-Al, nano amorphous plus fcc-Al and glassy phases by a single-roller melt spinning method and a powder-metallurgy processing and examined their structure, thermal, electrical and mechanical properties. The high-pressure gas atomization technique was also used to prepare various aluminum-based alloy powders. Amorphous Al-M-Ni (M: Si, Ge) alloys have good bending ductility and glassy Al-Ln-Ni (Ln: Y, Ce) alloys exhibit a distinct supercooled liquid region. Besides, amorphous or glassy Al-Y-Ni-Co-Sc alloys have the highest strength reported ever before. We also found high strength alloys as Al-Cr-Ce-Co alloys with nano quasicrystalline particles dispersed in fcc-Al phase and Al-M-Fe (M: Ti, V) alloys with nano amorphous particles dispersed in fcc-Al phase. Further, by using the powder metallurgy method, we developed Al-V-Fe and Al-Fe-Cr-Ti alloy rods consisting of quasicrystalline particle dispersed in fcc-Al phase. These aluminum-based alloy rods show high strength, high elevated temperature strength and excellent abrasion resistance.
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Errata (Vol.56, No.9)
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