Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy
Online ISSN : 1880-9014
Print ISSN : 0532-8799
ISSN-L : 0532-8799
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Volume 61, Issue 5
May
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Special Issue: Additive Manufacturing Technology
Summarization
Review
  • Positioning of Laser Sintering Type Additive Manufacturing System in 3D Printing
    Toshihiko MAEDA
    2014 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 217-222
    Published: May 15, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: August 05, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.61.217
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
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    3D printing is drawing great interest as an innovative manufacturing tool which can produce tailor-made parts or high functional parts. However, it seems that real status of 3D printing or additive manufacturing is not understood correctly. This article gives an overview of the positioning of each 3D printing technology in additive manufacturing and shows examples of additive manufacturing by using laser sintering technology. Especially, the latest case studies of metal parts will be shown.
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  • Development of Selective Laser Metal Melting Equipment with High Vacuum Atmosphere
    Masashi HAGIWARA, Yoshinori HORIBA, Masahiro SASSA, Shizuka NAKANO, To ...
    2014 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 223-226
    Published: May 15, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: August 05, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.61.223
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    Aspect Inc. and AIST (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology), as a member of ALPROT, which stands for Advanced Laser and Process Technology Research Association, have developed two types of unprecedented Selective Laser Melting platform with a high vacuum built process chamber and a new developed QCW (quasi continuous wave) laser system in the national project, which started from 2010 and conducted by NEDO (New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization). In this report, the development status of the Selective Laser Melting platform is mainly introduced.
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  • Characteristics of Metal Additive Manufacturing Method Using Electron Beam and the Future Possibility
    Mitsuru ADACHI, Syuji KOIWAI, Toyomi KOIWAI
    2014 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 227-233
    Published: May 15, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: August 05, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.61.227
    JOURNAL OPEN ACCESS
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    The present study was undertaken to investigate the mechanical properties, surface toughness, accuracy of dimension and corrosion resistance of Ti–6Al–4V alloy prepared by additive manufacturing method using electron beam as the energy sauce. A product having good internal quality, surface quality is provided by choosing current conditions of the electron beam appropriately. The mechanical properties are a rolling product level without heat treatment.
    If there are even metal powder and 3D data by using the additive manufacturing method, this method can produce complicated products and the superior characteristics like statement above without a mold. However, the manufacturing cost is higher by from 10 times to 100 times than the conventional manufacturing processes. Therefore, the mechanical property, physical property, shape and product cost has to be taken into consideration for a product enough when we choose this additive manufacturing method.
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Paper
  • Effect of Phase Transformation on Tensile Behavior of Co–Cr–Mo Alloy Fabricated by Electron-beam Melting
    Shi-Hai SUN, Yuichiro KOIZUMI, Shingo KUROSU , Yun-Ping LI, Akihiko CH ...
    2014 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 234-242
    Published: May 15, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: August 05, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.61.234
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    High temperature tensile property and phase transformation of Co–28Cr–6Mo–0.23C–0.17N alloy rods fabricated by electron-beam melting (EBM) with cylinder axes along build direction was investigated. Single-crystal like γ – fcc grain structure can be obtained by EBM. Although constituent phase varied along the build direction in the as – EBM – built rod, from single ε – hcp phase in the bottom to single γ – fcc phase in the top, γ – fcc phase can be kept in a wide range of build height, i.e. about 40 mm from the top finishing plane. ε – hcp grains in the bottom of the rods obtained in the EBM process mostly had preferential orientations. The rods can be transformed into single ε – hcp phase by the aging treatment at 800 ˚C for 24 h, and ε – hcp phase in the top of the rods obtained by aging heat treatment exhibited diffusion transformation. The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of the top part was higher than that of the bottom part, though the plastic elongation of the top part was a little lower than that of the bottom part.
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  • Prototyping of Co–Cr–Mo Alloy Flat Spiral Spring by Electron Beam Melting
    Yuichiro KOIZUMI, Shi-Hai SUN, Tsuyoshi SAITO, Shingo KUROSU, Akihiko ...
    2014 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 243-249
    Published: May 15, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: August 05, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.61.243
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    Flat spiral spring (i.e. coils of metal ribbon such as clock-mainsprings) can store elastic strain energy and release the energy as kinetic energy on demand. Recently, devices to generate electricity from the elastic strain energy are attracting attention as energy saving tools and emergency power source. However, a higher energy density and downsizing are necessary for practical use. In the present study, the electron beam melting (EBM) has been applied to Co–Cr–Mo alloy, which has a potential ability to store approximately 30 % higher elastic strain energy than the currently best material, in order to maximize its Young’s modulus by controlling the crystal orientation texture. A high Young’s modulus of 275 GPa and a high strength of 1.2 GPa have been achieved with a rod by selecting its longitudinal axis parallel to the space diagonal of the space defined by the x– and y– scanning direction of electron beam and the z–build direction. The mechanical property of the rod is very attractive for a high energy-density clock-mainspring material. Moreover, the single-pieced fabrication of a spring-shaft-balance disk unit was tested, and the surface-smoothing and the control of local crystal texture during the EBM process have been emerged as necessary challenges.
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  • Mechanical Properties of Ti–6Al–4V Materials Prepared by Additive Manufacturing Technology and HIP Process
    Shotaro MOROKOSHI, Hiroshige MASUO, Hajime YAGURA, Yasuhiro YAMAMOT ...
    2014 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 250-254
    Published: May 15, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: August 05, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.61.250
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    In this study, on the premise of adding HIP treatment, two typical additive manufacturing methods, the Electron Beam method and the Fiber Laser method, are selected to evaluate their performance and the properties of the resultant test pieces. Ti–6Al–4V alloy powders were used for the starting material. As-built test pieces and HIPed test pieces were evaluated in terms of density, mechanical properties such as tensile and fatigue strength, cross-sectional photographs, and metallographic observation. The differences in performance between the two manufacturing methods were confirmed, especially for the Ti–6Al–4V material. From these results, no significant difference with superior mechanical properties was found in the two typical additive manufacturing methods. Furthermore, by applying the HIP treatment, significant improvements in mechanical properties were confirmed.
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  • Micro Patterning on the Sheets of Ceramic Material by a Combined Process of Laser Machining and Powder Metallurgy
    Fujio TSUMORI , Osamu HASEGAWA, Toshiko OSADA, Hideshi MIURA
    2014 Volume 61 Issue 5 Pages 255-261
    Published: May 15, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: August 05, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2497/jjspm.61.255
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    This study aims at combining the laser micro machining technology with the powder metallurgy process for fabricating the ceramic sheets with a fine pattern on the surface. The ceramic sheets were so fragile after sintering that a compound material, a mixture of ceramic powder and polymer, was prepared for laser machining, followed by debinding and sintering. Yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) was employed as a starting material, considering that the obtained sheet could be applied for the electrolyte layer of the solid oxide fuel cell. Polyvinyl alcohol was also prepared as polymer binder for aqueous solution. The compound sheets were formed by laser irradiation varying such laser conditions as laser power and frequency to investigate the effect of the laser irradiation on the depth and width of the pattern. The laser-machined compound sheets were successfully debound and sintered, and dense ceramic sheets were finally obtained.
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