On the evolutiom of the Meckel's Cartilage in a frugivorows Bat, Epomops franqueti strepitans Andersen (Macrochiroptera, Pteroodidae)
The Meckel's Cartilage of Epomops, a fructivorous bat (Macrochiroptera) of tropical Africa, undergoes an intracartilaginous ossification, like its head's other cartilaginous centers, as it is the rule. The evolution is as follows :
a) The chondroblasts become voluminous, separated from their capsules (polyedral now), degenerated and effaced, while the fundamental matrix disappears.
b) The gaps, surrounded with capsular fragments, are made up and invaded by embryonal cells.
c) The embryonal cells set up the osseous matrix and, afterwards, become osteoblasts.
This evolution, near the one of the Meckel's Cartilage in insectivorous bats (Microchiroptera), is characteristic of the Chiroptera Order in its whole.

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In the Part II of the present study[1], the authors reported on an antidotic action of pyridoxal upon toxopyrimidine and this paper is concerned with a further invesitigation into the toxities of pyridoxal-5-phosphate, sodium bisulfite and diethanolamine.

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Research dealing with the phenomenon of fibrinolysis has a fairly old history at its back and as far back as in 1890's GREEN and DASTRE[1] published their findings on plasmin as involved in the fibrinolytic mechanism. Later in 1937, he fact of fibrinolysis at the time of hemostasis attendant on a surgical operation was repord by MAC-FARLANE[2].
In the oral area, studies on plasmic substances that are found in human saliva have received much interest, some of the published results being ALBRECHTSEN[3], TAYLOR[4], NAGAI et al. of the Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry[5]. But as yet there is still lacking any formal effort at the existence of plasmic substances in the tissues related to the oral area. In the present paper, the author is concerned with the measurement of plasmin, activator and proactivator in the normal soft tissues adjacent to the oral cavity.

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Since ultra-high speed cutting device had been introduced into dental practice, the demand for friction-grip type of burs and stones for the device has increased. The diameter of the shank of the instruments (burs and stones) has, however, not been standardized international-wise as yet despite a standard-to-be one in 1/16 inch or 1.5875 millimeters.
The council on Dental Research of American Dental Association adopted the specifications for excavation burs and diamond rotary instrument [1] formulated by the Dental Materials Group of International Association of Dental Research in December 1963.
In the Specifications, the shank dimensions of Table 2-4a and 4b specify the shank diameters of instruments for friction grip type in inches.
We have found the difference of shank-diameter of the instruments between products and the standard-to-be and its variations among the products of various manufacturers. These variations among the products are evidently inconvenient for practicing dentists employing these instruments which are made by various manufacturers and, at the same time, it is true of the manufacturers who make the devices.
The authors in this study attempted to determine the variations in the diameter of the friction-grip type of cutting instruments for ultra-high speed cutting device.

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