In two survey studies with 1902 Japanese people, we found 7 dimensions of their public evaluation of infrastructural policies: procedural fairness, priority of local residents, and priority of the government in the evaluation of decision making and benefits, local and global costs, and distributive fairness in the evaluation of consequences. Although respondents were generally critical to the current policies, the dimensions of priority of the government and benefits were positively related but those of procedural fairness and global costs were negatively related with satisfaction with the current policies. Supporters of LPD stressed more priority of the government and benefits but less fairness, costs, and priority of local residents. Supporters of the non-governmental parties and nonpartisans showed the opposite pattern. High income goups made a similar evaluation to the LPD supporters, but they did not so trust the government. High educational groups made a multifaceted evaluation of improvement to infrastructure, that is, they did not only stress procedural fairness and costs but also benefits.

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Traffic condition in most cities varies significantly within a day, in which static traffic assignment model may not be able to sufficiently represent time-varying congestion phenomena in transport network analysis. Different semi-dynamic traffic assignment models have been proposed in the past to tackle this pitfall. However, most of the models still face the serious problem of space-time propagation of the traffic flow and congestion. In this study, we propose the model which can model space-time propagation of the traffic congestion. In the proposed model, the traffic volume on a certain link will be carried over to the next time period representing the propagation of the congestion from one period to another. The paper then analyzes the existence and uniqueness of the model's solution. The model is then tested and validated with an example network in which the model result is compared against those from the previously proposed models.

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The primary mitigation measure for flood disaster is to develop effective evacuation strategies and to implement disaster education. A Comprehensive Scenario Simulator in Flood Time was developed as a tool to optimize the warning system and evacuation. The simulator combines hydrodynamic simulation of flood with warning and human-response simulations for evacuation. Therefore, the use of this simulator can be twofold: One as a strategy tool to examine effective flood disaster mitigation measures. Two, because of its visual presentation, this simulator can be used as a risk communication tool to learn about various disaster phenomena and appropriate actions to be taken to reduce the impact of flood disasters.

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There are no specific measures to formulate public opinions and no clear guidelines for positions of people who do not express their opinions, whom the authors call the “silent group,” in any planning processes. In this research, the authors analyzed a relationship between a silent group and their involvement with topics of questionnaire surveys for a micro area transportation planning. In conclusion, the authors found that a silent group's involvement with the topics shown in the questionnaires such as traffic problems in their residential area was weaker than that of people who responded to the questionnaires in time. If people thought that one of the questionnaires picked up only roads they didn't think danger, they tended to be silent despite their recognition of danger in the whole area.

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House collapse due to earthquake causes the trouble to evacuation from tsunami by lead to road blockage. Therefore, it is important to consider damage due to earthquake to examine evacuation plan from tsunami. The purpose of this study is to develop the comprehensive scenario simulator that expresses a regional situation from earthquake occurrence to tsunami attack. This simulator can express a practical human casualty that considers influence of house collapse, road blockage and tsunami inundation at the time of evacuation from tsunami. As for test case, we applied the simulator to tsunami prone area. Effectiveness of earthquake-proof promotion was examined by running the simulator with several scenarios.

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In this paper, the optimal power generation policy in the project contract on a hydro power plant, which are carried out under separation between procession and operation is investigated. The operator generates electricity in order to maximize the expected revenue by considering the volatility in river cow volume and electricity prices. The owner maximizes the lease income cow through the contract period. In this paper, the expected revenue maximizing model is presented to investigate the project values and risks by use of stochastic dynamic programming. The model is extended to investigate the risk sharing schemes in the direct purchasing contract under which the customer can purchase directly the electricity from the operator. The model presented in this paper is examined through a case study carried out for the Oroville Dam in U.S. by the presented model.

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All the manuals of cost benefit analysis for anti-disaster prevention projects measures its benefit by the expected value of damage reduction. However, the expected value is not an appropriate measure because people are not neccessarily risk neutral nor there is perfect insurances. In order to enhance the confidence on the benefit value estimation, this study removes the availavility of perfect insurance and the observability of utility function, both of which are not realistic. This paper proposes the benefit measurement technique by observing the change of indivisual anti-disaster prevention investment behavior appeared as a result of public anti-disaster prevention projects. Since we can observe those behavior, it could be said that the technique proposed in this paper is practically useful.

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After “Re-Expansion Project” of Haneda Airport, Japanese Government plans partial relaxation of international flights restriction policy at Haneda Airport. This policy will create new international air transport market at Japan's capital metropolitan area, and it will also provide drastic influence on existing air transport market. Since it is meaningful to evaluate the policy alternatives with physical outputs such as flight frequencies and passenger's link flow under physical constraints, this article aims to propose a methodology for the policy assessment in terms of the air transport network equilibrium and apply the methodology to policy scenario analysis.
The results imply that the behavior of the short range markets such as Tokyo-Seoul routes are sensitive to the number of international slot capacity of Haneda Airport. The analysis also estimates the influences on the markets by some “destination selection rules” with physical outputs.

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Artists such as Hiroshige and Hokusai created many wonderful city scenes by skillfully incorporating topography such as Mt. Fuji and Edo Bay and view of Edo Castle into landscape pictures. The landscape paintings were however just illustrated ones of famous places; the actual states of landscape of Edo City are still not clear. The research is an attempt to visualize landscape of Edo. In concrete terms, the distortion of an old map of Edo was corrected and the topographic data was created. Information concerning building structures in Edo City and Edo Castle, particularly height, was also ascertained. Considering all these results together, a system of visualizing city scenes of Edo was constructed.

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The Markov chain models have been applied in many deterioration forecasting practices. The inspection data may include measurement errors, categorized by random errors and system one by the so-called representation matters. In this paper, the deterioration processes with measurement errors are formulated as a hidden Markov chain model. The Bayesian estimation of the hidden Markov chain models can be made by use of Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation technique. The applicability of the methodology presented in this paper is examined against the real world data concerning the national road pavement.

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The permeable roadbed using the slug materials is adopted in the tunnel under the Shirasu ground water level on the Kyushu Shincansen started in March, 2004. The purpose of permeable roadbed is decline of ground water level and prevention against the mud-pumping of Shirasu by trainload. The study which is related to the structure of permeable roadbed has already been reported.
This paper describes a result of variety execution confirmation examination about the way of slag compaction, the method of the quality control, and so on.

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In recent years, numerous municipalities have announced plans for promoting compact city. Although precedent studies have shown the effects of compact cities mainly on a municipality scale, they cannot help municipalities to develop feasible plans. In addition, for the purpose of city planning, a support tool with illustrative images, that can help persons lacking in technical knowledge about city planning to comprehend it, is required. An objective of this study is to create the database based on a neighborhood scale around 30 ha, which corresponds with an actual policy scale. In other words, this study is intended to develop “Pictorial Archive of Japanese Ordinary Residential Zones”, which can be used by expert on urban planning for sophisticated statistical analysis. A great accomplishment of this study is that the database can cover all types of neighborhood zones that exist in Japanese cities and provide a package of various indicators, including gasoline consumption.

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We have developed the model system to express how the various policies of transportation, land use, and quality of life influence on the urban activities. The model system will be able to evaluate quantitatively the effects on environmental load, quality of life, and economics through the changes in urban activities.
In this study, first of all, we would like to place our developed model system in relation to the existed land use - transportation models, and then to show our system's characteristics. Secondly, we will introduce the evaluation results on the case study in Sendai Metropolitan Area. Finally, we will show further issues and deployment of our study about the model system.

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