Airport capacity in Tokyo metropolitan area have always been insufficient in spite of the large potential demand. While an additional runway must significantly enhance the capacity, the improvement of air traffic control (ATC) procedure can also be effective by utilizing existing stocks. Many existing researches suggested that some flexible air traffic flow control on the final approach area and runway can have positive impacts on capacity. However the ATC procedures in terminal approach control area which enable such a flexible control on the final also need to be considered. In order to do that, the collection of air traffic control data in terminal approach control area and its analysis is required in advance. Therefore, this research develops the original terminal radar approach simulator and conducts an fundamental analysis of ATC procedure data obtained by the pilot experiment.

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This study analyzes the psychological processes involved in the formation of attachment to place of residence. We hypothesized that the positive evaluation and perception of a residential environment encourages place attachment. As a result, the following findings were obtained; 1) Residents who evaluate their physical environment positively have a strong attachment to their residential area, 2) Residents who evaluate their social environment positively have a strong attachment to their residential area, 3) Social environment has a greater influence than physical environment in enhancing place attachment, 4) Evaluations to living conditions have a greater influence than total time residing in an area in regard to enhancing place attachment.

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Rationality of planning and plan itself for securing justifiability in plan-decision-making for an infrastructure, has not been clarified sufficiently. The paper constructs a body of notions consisting rationality in plan-decision-making and gives a theoretical suggestion for planning or a system or guidance for planning. On the basis of the knowledge about rationality developed in some fields and the characteristics of planning, four notions consisting the rationality in plan-decision-making are defined, and thirteen normative notions consisting these four notions are presented by considering rationalities defined in the past. Furthermore, how the notion of rationality is applied in legal judgments is analyzed.

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Fuel retail prices, which had been rising for about two years, hit a record high of 185.1 yen per liter in August 2008. The authors conducted panel surveys at two points covering the period of rising prices to elucidate actual conditions of drivers' driving restraint behaviors and changes in price elasticity attributable to rising prices; each driver's motivation was examined. Simultaneously, we investigated the reliability of self-predictions of the amount of reduction in driving attributable to rising prices. Results show the following: 1) restraint behaviors—including eco-driving—were diverse depending on each driver's motivation and changes in the rates of price increase; 2) very large values of elasticity were found in comparison to results reported for conventional studies; but 3) the actual amount of reduction in driving tended to fall below self-predictions.

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  The types of deterioration of public utilities are multiple. It is often the case that the type, whose levels of deterioration are mostly progressed among others, is reported as a representative one in the inspections operated in the real world. In this paper, the deterioration processes are supposed to be subject to Markov processes, and the mechanisms that the representative types of the deterioration processes are selected through the competitions among the undergoing processes are formulated by the competitive hazard model. Moreover, the types of the cracks on the expressways are categorized into three types including lengthways, side ways, and length-and-side ways cracks. Based upon the empirical dataset, the model is estimated to investigate the impacts of road structure, pavement characteristics, and highway environment upon he progressions rates of cracks on pavement.

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  This paper presents a supply chain network equilibrium model with the behaviour of freight carries. The model can allow to investigate the impact of freight transport-related policies on the whole supply chain of a product. Delay penalties incurred for the variability of travel times are also incorporated within the model as well as a Japanese business practice, facility costs and wholesalers' behaviour. Numerical examples are undertaken for investigating the effects of the reduction of travel time and the improvement of travel time reliability on the efficiency of supply chain network with the flows of the product on it being changed.

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  The authors have been studied on the entire survey of civil engineering heritage in Japan constructed before and including Edo era in the present time, and have re-discovered lots of marvelous heritage until now. Among this survey, one of our three main target is extracting a regionality due to area appeared on the individual heritage. At the first step, we try to find out such regionality in 5 prefectures in Chugoku district, and also try to compare with the regionality in the case of civil engineering heritage in the modernized Japan after 1868, which has been also extracted by the first author several years before. The results will be used in the “Landscape Act (2004)” in Japan, as a feasible course of action to create a historically sustainable region.

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  Kyoto Gyoen today and its surroundings is an area where many ponds of gardens have been constructed. These ponds used to be irrigated by “Kinri Goyosui” (the canal for Kyoto Imperial Palace) taking the water from the River Kamo. This paper aims to reveal the configuration of “Kinri Goyosui” through an analysis of historical documents. As a result, we can point out four characteristic mechanics and a management rule of “Kinri Goyosui” for sharing water resources between upstream farms and downstream ponds. Moreover, by examining the route of channels to supply water to the ponds, we can reveal particularity of the pond in the garden of Kaisanto in Shokokuji temple and flexibility of water supplying system of “Mikawa-mizu” (the channels around the palaces and the residences).

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