For measuring the cutting force exerted on the tools very exactly, the authors have attempted to apply the piezo electricity on this subject, and invented new apparatuses for a lathe tool, drill, and milling cutter. In the first half of the paper, the new apparatuses are explained in detail. In the second half, the experimental results on a lathe tool are described. At first, the magnitudes of three components of the cutting force are compared at various areas of cut; secondarily, the effects of tempering, area of cut, cutting speed, and cutting angle on the cutting force are discussed : and lastly, the cutting temperature and the effects of lubricant and tempering on durability of tool and smoothness of work surface are described.
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