1. The cell-free extract of Micrococcus citreus oxidized the citric acid cycle intermediates and related compounds except acetate, aspartate, pyruvate and glucose.
2. The cell-free extract of M. pyogenes var. aureus (Terashima) oxidized these compounds except citrate, acetate, asparate, pyruvate and glucose.
3. The cell-free extract of M. pyogenes var. albus showed no noticeable oxygen consumption in the presence of these compounds except the very low ones in a-ketoglutarate, succinate, malate and alanine.
4. By differential centrifugation, the glutamate-oxidizing enzyme system was divided into two fractions, the soluble and particulate fractions.
5. The particulate fraction oxidized malate by itself.
6. Glutamic-pyruvic and aspartic-a-ketoglutaric transaminations were car-ried out by the soluble fraction of M. pyogenes var. aureus (Terashima)

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1. The cell-free extract of micrococci was divided into the soluble and particulate fractions by differential centrifugation. In the cell-free extracts of Micrococcus citreus and M. pyogenes var. aureus (FDA), the division of the intracellular enzymes into these two fractions was clear, while in M., pyogenes var. aureus (Terashima) the division was not so clear, and in M. pyogenes var. albui the respiratory activity was found to be very low.
2. The particulate fraction had the same color as that of the original cells from which it was extracted.
3. The oxidative enzyme systems for succinate, malate and α-ketoglutarate were combined with the particulate fraction. In M. citreus lactate was oxidized by the soluble fraction, while in M. pyogenes var. aureus (FDA and Terashima) it was oxidized by the particulate fraction. Citrate, iso-citrate, glutamate and alanine were oxidized in the presence of both of the particulate and soluble fractions.
4. The particulate fraction of M. pyogenes var. albus was inactivated by the extraction procedures.
5. Two sorts of granules of 100 to 150mμ were observed in the respiratory active particulate fraction of M. citreus.

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A strain of Escherichia coli was isolated from a fecal specimen of a patient with dysentery-like symptoms. It was non-motile and serologically confirmed to possess an O antigen identical with that of Shigella boydii 8. It also contained a K antigen which was idential with that of S. bodyii 8.

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The in vitro dehydrogenase activity of M. ulcerans (PD) was examined by the TTC reduction method. The result of this experiment showed that the maximum of the TTC reduction was reached around the 30th day in case of culture at 33ª and on 36th day in case of culture at 37ª.
Gales⁽⁶⁾ mentioned two types of relationship between the cultivation time and the enzymatic activity of bacteria. In case of PD strain, the dehydrogenase activity and cultivation time appear to follow the curve of the second type of Gale.
TTC reducing power of PD strain was strongly inhibited by iodacetic acid, silver nitrate and copper sulphate, but it was only slightly inhibited by acetoaldehyde and glycerin.
The results of the present study indicate that M. ulcerans is very closely related to M. tuberculosis from the point of hcat rcsistancc, influence of substrates and that of streptomycin to dehydrogenase activity, but that both strains are somewhat different from the point of influence of isoniazid and of growth temperature on the dehydrogenase activity.

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Data are presented to show that when living hemolytic streptococci are made to act in vitro on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells or Yoshida sarcoma cells a significant quantity of streptolysin S is produced.

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1. From the culture filtrate of Cl. perfringens type A strain BP6K, a diaphorase-like enzyme, was isolated.
2. The enzyme oxidized DPNH in the presence of 2.6-DPIP, methylene blue, and menadione but not in the presence of oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, ferricyanide, gluthathione, fumarate, pyruvate, formate, formaldehyde, α-ketoglutarate, xanthine, and cytochrome c.
3. The enzyme did not oxidize TPNH in the presence of 2.6-DPIP.
4. The optimal pH of this enzyme was 8.0.
5. The enzyme was most stable at pH 5.0.
6. Temperature coefficient (Q₁₀) of the enzyme fell between 1.56 and 2.2.
7. Antimycin inhibited enzyme activity by 11% at 2.7×10^-4M, and sodium azide 23% at 5.12×10^-4M.
8. The Michaelis constant of this enzyme for DPNH was 2.53×10^-4M.

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A dialyzed cell-free extract of a strain (SM-I) of Corynebacterium diphtheriae was found to catalyze transamination reactions between α-ketoglutarate, oxalacetate, pyruvate and various kinds of amino acids. No activities of the extracts were demonstrated in 18 reactions out of 42 tested with 15 amino acids and 3 kinds of keto acids. The most active transamination was of glutamate-oxalacetate followed by the aspartate-α-ketoglutarate reaction. No activity was detected in the asparate-pyruvate system. The rate of formation of glutamate from α-ketoglutarate and aspartate was considerably increased by the addition of pyridoxal phosphate to the dialyzed extracts. The optimal pH for the reaction was found to be around 7.2.

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Thirteen antibiotics which inhibited the growth of influenza virus in vitro were examined further to determine their activity in embronated eggs and in mice. Seven antibiotics inhibited the growth of PR₈ virus in embryonated eggs and 3 inhibited viral growth in mice. However, two of the latter demonstrated toxicity for mice at their effective concentrations. Only one of 13 antibiotics, myxoviromycin, inhibited viral multiplication both in embryonated eggs and in mice without any serious toxicity.

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1) By the use of an ion exchange resin, Amberlite XE-64 (mix IA), Rickettsia mooseri could be highly purified easily. This procedure seems to be superior to previously described methods of purification in view of its simplicity.
2) The purified rickettsial suspensions retained infectivity for embryonated eggs, acute lethal toxicity for mice, and hemolytic activity.
3) Purified rickettsia maintained their antigenicity in the complementfixation test.

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(1) Developments of oxidative enzymes of glucose, gluconate, pyruvate and succinate in germinating spores were examined.
(2) New bacilli germinated in meat infusion broth (6 hour cultured spores) oxidize succinate slightly and more actively oxidize pyruvate.
(3) 6 hours cultured spores in synthetic medium are hardly able to oxidize pyruvate and succinate.
(4) Glucose oxidations by 1 or 4 hour cultured germinating spores in broth are stimulated by CH₂I•COOH and insensitive to HCN. Those of 6 hours are inhibited markedly by CH₂I•COOH. However, glucose oxidations by 1, 4 or 6 hour cultured germinating spores in synthetic medium are markedly inhibited by CH₂I•COOH and insensitive to HCN.
(5) Gluconate oxidations by all cultural phases of spores in meat infusion and synthetic medium are inhibited markedly by CH₂I•COOH.
(6) Glucose, gluconate and pyruvate oxidations by 4 hour cultured germinating spores in synthetic medium are more active than in those of 6 hours cultured spores.
(7) The nutritional conditions in which spores are germinated have a marked effect on the formation of enzymes in germinating spores and vegetative cells.

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1. Tetracycline was administered orally in relatively small doses to healthy adults and the alteration in the intestinal flora examined both qualitatively and quantitatively. The relation between amounts given and side effects was studied.
2. Continuous administration of tetracycline in relatively small doses (over 500mg daily) results sometimes in the appearance of bacterial alteration. In spite of the decreases of normal flora or bacterial alteration no side effects or symptoms of vitamin deficiency were observed. From these experiments it is believed that the change in intestinal flora following administration of antibiotics does not in itself give rise to side effects or vitamin deficiency.

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1. Pertussallysin is a bacterial metabolite produced in media by the development of H. pertussis.
2. Pertussallysin is an entirely different substance from the pertussal heatlabile toxin; it is avirulent in animals, and does not participate significantly in infection and immunity.
3. Pertussallysin is a non-dialysble, heat-stable substance which is active in pH 7.4-8.6, and does not contain protein and polyssaccharide components.

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1. The intracellular CFA of ectromelia virus appears 5 hours after infection, and prior to appearance of the inclusion body.
2. A method is described to measure CFA during the first cycle of virus multiplication. Using this technique it was shown that CF antibody enters the tumor cells exerting a suppressive action on CFA production.
3. CF antibody produced from CF antigen has little neutralizing activity.This suggests that CFA is not an indermediary product but a by-product pro-duced during the process of viral multiplication.

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