There are many cases of houses with partially raised ceilings to enrich spatial experiences. However, Little research has been conducted on its effects on residents' lives. In this study, effects of changes in ceiling height is considered by examining two problems. The first is images of activities obtained by experiencing the space. Subjects described images concerning how to use in rooms with different floor area and ceiling height in 14 experimental settings. Quality of images changed according to ceiling height even when the floor area was same. The second was relations between residents' activity and ceiling height in actual houses. Houses with a living-dining room with high ceiling were visited and a questionnaire survey was conducted. Ceiling height also influenced residents' activity. From the two results, considering from residents' standpoint is important for designing a house.

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According to the utility maximization principle, pedestrians are assumed to choose the route that maximizes the utility of the attributes of the route. Although many researchers focused on the influences of physical attributes, few researchers focused on the influence of personality traits of pedestrians on their route choice and attribute preference. Recently there is a growing body of research that shows the influence of affective states on decision-making. For example, a high arousal state tends to prevent people from rational decision-making. The aim of this study was to examine the influences of arousal related personality trait on route choice tendency. Participant was 397 university students. They completed two scales. One scale was the Sensation Seeking Scale for Japanese Adolescent. The other was the route choice tendency scale, which was composed of three subscales: "Habitual Route Choice", "Planning", and "Lively Attribute Preference". A causal model between two scales was examined by the Structural Equation Modeling. The causal model revealed that the sensation seeking tendency such as "Thrill and Adventure", "Daily Novelty Seeking", and "Internal Sensation Seeking" had influences on route choice tendency. In addition, the path coefficients of the male's causal model were statistically identical with those of the females'. Implications of these causal relations and sex differences were discussed.

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The purpose of this study is to illustrate the personal networks of dog owners. We focused on the interpersonal relationships created by "dog walking" and "other" activities, such as "Neighbors chatting" in the community. The study area was located in a residential area in Tokyo, and was set at a radius of about 2 kilometers. The participants were dog owners who resided in this area. They used the greenbelt bank of a river, which is centrally located in their dog walking area. In study 1, 8 participants were involved. The nominal group process technique was used to gather and categorize the interpersonal relationships, which were created between people while dog walking. Four main types of interpersonal relationships were found: first-time meeting, a nodding acquaintance, a speaking acquaintance, and people who exchange items. In study 2, 24 participants (the average age was 61.0 years old ± 18.36) completed the questionnaires about both of the networks, "dog walking" and "other". We compared the network structures, which were composed by 3 interpersonal relationships of survey 1 excluding "first-time meeting". The head-count estimate technique was used to gather the information. The network functions were also compared between both networks. We asked the participants about the each member's information and the interactive topics. As a result, the "dog walking" network maintained relationships that were more diverse and large-scale than "Other" networks. The result indicated that dog owners who meet other people while "dog walking" tend to build an extensive network of friends and acquaintances in the community. This network includes members who don't know each other well and sometimes who recognized each other by their dog's name, thus not knowing each other's real name.

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