An ion storage and cooler ring, S–LSR has been constructed at Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University. Its circumference is 22.57 m and it can accumulate and cool the beams of 7 MeV proton, 40 keV ²⁴Mg⁺ and 2 MeV/u¹² C⁶⁺ ions. Electron cooling of hot ions by sweeping the relative velocity between the electron and ion beams has been experimentally demonstrated and the cooling time has been almost one order of magnitude reduced with such a scheme. Lowest temperature limit of electron cooled 7 MeV protons has also been studied reducing the particle number. Sudden jump of momentum spread corresponding to one dimensional phase transition to the ordered state has been observed at ～2000 particles for the first time for proton beam. One dimensional laser cooling of ²⁴Mg⁺ has also been realized with and without application of induction acceleration. Creation of three dimensional crystal beam is our next goal with the use of three dimensional laser cooling taking the suppression of shear into account.

Acceleration of polarized protons is one of interesting issues of the high energy and accelerator physics. As known as the proton spin crisis, the total of the quark spin is not equal to the proton spin. To explore sources of the proton spin, it has been required to accelerate polarized protons to higher energy as hundreds GeV with higher polarization. However it is difficult to accelerate the polarized protons to higher energy with preserving higher polarization by using circular accelerators since the polarized beam crosses several types of depolarizing resonances. To overcome the depolarizing resonances, unique components are employed to the accelerator chain at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). On this description, developing a normal conducting helical dipole partial Siberian snake is explained in detail. As the results of upgrading the accelerators, the polarization has been increased recently.

RIKEN Nishina Center started commissioning of the RI Beam Factory accelerator complex in July 2006. We succeeded in extracting the first beams from the fixed-frequency Ring Cyclotron, Intermediate-stage Ring Cyclotron and Superconducting Ring Cyclotoron on September 29, November 22 and December 28, 2006, respectively. We also accelerated a uranium beam up to 345 MeV/u using all the cyclotrons newly constructed in the RIBF project in march 2007. Our progress on commissioning of RIBF accelerator complex will be outlined.

Hokkaido electron linac has been used actively for more than 30 years. Unique researches from the establishment are neutron science and pulse radiolysis. Many neutron moderators for accelerator based sources have been studied and the results contributed the design of high power sources such as J–PARC neutron source and SNS. Furthermore, many applications of neutrons have been recently in progress. Hokkaido linac also has been contributing to the development of the pulse radiolysis from the beginning of this field in Japan. Other researches of beam profile monitor, medical application, and parametric X-ray have been also performed. Here, we introduce the recent activity using the Hokkaido University electron linac.

The design of the KEKB FUJI test beam line (FTBL) is presented. It is being constructed in the Fuji experimental hall of the KEKB accelerator complex to provide an electron beam in 1 to 3.4 GeV/c momentum range for tests of various radiation detectors.

The first clinical trial with carbon beams generated from the HIMAC accelerator was conducted in June 1994. The total number of patients treated as of February 2007 was in excess of 3,178. In view of the significant growth in the number of protocols, the Japanese government gave its approval for carbon-ion therapy at NIRS as an advanced medical technology in 2003. Such impressive advances have been supported by advanced developments of beam-delivery and accelerator technologies and by maintenance works for high-reliability operation. Based on more than ten years of experience with HIMAC, we recently proposed a new accelerator facility for cancer therapy with carbon ions for widespread use in Japan. The key technologies of the accelerator and beam-delivery systems for this proposed facility have been under development since April 2004, with the main thrust being focused on downsizing the facility for cost reduction. Based on the design and R&D studies for the proposed facility, its construction was begun at Gunma University in April 2006. In addition, our future plans for HIMAC also include the design of a new treatment facility. The design work has already been initiated, and will lead to the further development of therapy using HIMAC. The report describes the status of HIMAC and a summary account of the new accelerator facility for cancer therapy with carbon ions and of the new treatment facility at HIMAC.