In complex potential field theory, streamlines in an ideal flow field are known to be analogous to equi-voltage lines in electric fields, both of which are governed by the Laplace equation. By means of Gauss’ theorem, it may be also shown that the circulation around a closed contour in a potential flow field corresponds to the electric current through an isolated electrode in a conducting medium. To exploit this analogy, an experiment was constructed using an airfoil-shaped electrode on a conductive paper with two bar electrodes at the paper edges. An equi-voltage line with the same voltage as the airfoil electrode extends perpendicularly across the airfoil electrode, intersecting it at two locations, which define the upstream and downstream stagnation points in the ideal flow. By adjusting the electric current through the airfoil electrode, the downstream stagnation point may be induced to coincide with the trailing edge of the airfoil electrode, thus determining the magnitude of the circulation around the airfoil required for the Kutta condition to be satisfied. For a given angular orientation of the airfoil electrode relative to the bar electrodes (angle of attack), the equi-voltage lines around a symmetrical Joukowski wing with and without the circulation are exemplified.
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