There is substantial evidence that chronic heart failure is associated with inflammation. Ischemic stress such as myocardial infarction lead to necrotic cell death and release of damage associated molecular patterns（DAMPs），factors that signal cell damage and induce expression of proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines. It has recently become evident that nonischemic interventions are also associated with increases in inflammatory genes and immune cell accumulation in the heart and that these contribute to fibrosis and ventricular dysfunction. In this review we provide recent evidence of adverse cardiac remodeling induced by sterile inflammation in response to nonischemic stress. We also introduce the role of the multifunctional Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase, CaMKII, as a transducer of stress signals to nuclear factor-B activation, expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and priming and activation of the NOD-like pyrin domain-containing protein 3（NLRP3）inflammasome in cardiomyocytes. The potential efficacy of anti-inflammatory therapy was shown by the results of the recently published clinical trials in which a significant decrease in adverse cardiac events was observed in patients treated by inhibitions of mediators generated through the NLRP3 inflammasome, suggesting that the inflammasome plays a central role in both initiating and sustaining cardiac sterile inflammation. Achieving a further understanding of these mechanisms has implications for the development of therapeutic regimens to limit cardiac remodeling.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the details of how community-dwelling seniors who have currently been attending dementia café, first decided to visit and continue attending dementia café.

A semi-structured interview using an interview guide was carried out from August to September 2017 for 10 community-dwelling seniors attending a dementia café organized by NPO corporation in city A. The interview focused on what brought these seniors to decide on attending and continue attending the café. All interviews were recorded and transcribed, and a qualitative inductive analysis was conducted.

The results suggested attending dementia café would provide enjoyable experience including extended interaction with others and learning more in depth, improved consciousness of health and preventive care, and desire to contribute to the local society; hence, seniors would continue attending dementia café. Moreover, given that seniors attending dementia caf?s themselves are aware of their contribution to the local society and solidarity with others, it is possible that attending seniors can be key people who support the local area. Furthermore, the social capital in the local community can be fostered through a dementia café as a community café that any residents can attend.