廃棄物分野においても途上国への技術移転としてCDM事業が注目されているが、準好気性埋立構造は未だ認可を受けていない。その原因の一つに準好気性の廃棄物分解プロセスの定量化が確立していないことが挙げられる。本研究では既存の大型埋立実験槽を用いた長期実験により明らかにした埋立廃棄物のガス化率予測モデル式の結果と、新規に開始した「大型埋立実験槽」における実測結果とを比較検討し2007年モデルの妥当性を評価することを目的とする。本実験で用いた大型埋立実験槽において好気性構造、準好気性構造、嫌気性構造の3槽とも2007年モデルの予測結果と実測値が概ね一致し、本予測式の妥当性が証明された。また、埋立廃棄物のガス化率予測モデルが確立したことで、埋立地における温室効果ガス放出量の評価手法、及び埋立構造別の安定化プロセスの将来予測手法として活用できる事が示唆された。

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We investigated abnormality in the position of ipsilateral scapulae, compared with contralateral scapulae, in 106 patients with disorders of the shoulder. Its abnormal position was recognized in 45 percent of all patients, and there was no difference of the frequency in each disease.
In 53 postoperative patients, cases with its abnormal position had a tendency to have a low activity in daily living and a low points in the J. O. A. score. The present study suggests that abnormal position of the scapulae shows low capaity in function of the shoulder.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the scapular deviation at rest in throwing athletes. Materials and methods: There were nineteen baseball players with a scapular deviation (Group 1) out of 133 patients with a sports injury of the shoulder. They had pictures of their backs with some markings taken while sitting on a chair. The pictures were scanned by computer and the position of the inferior angle of the scapula, the distance from the spine to the medial margin of the scapula and the upward rotation angle of the scapula was measured.20 patients with another shoulder injury (Group 2) and 20 men without any shoulder problems (Group 3) were measured similarly.
Results: Group 1: Their mean age was 19.6 years. They had anterior shoulder pain when throwing for months. They had could deviate their scapulas up and laterally on their own. They all had a positive impingement sign. Their scapular deviations recovered as their pain decreased.9 were diagnosed as having impingement syndrome,6 subacromial bursitis and 4 tendinitis of the cuff. The measurements of the scapula were as follows: In Groupl the painful scapula had deviated a mean of 1.5cm up,1.6cm laterally and the upward rotation angle was less than4.3°. Groups 2 and 3 had no lateralizations.53%of baseball players with shoulder injuries showed a scapular deviation.
Conclusion: As a scapular deviation was observed in over half of the baseball players with a shoulder injury, we emphasize that a scapular deviation is a significant sign of a throwing injury of the shoulder.

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最終処分場は廃止が決定されると維持管理を終了する事ができるが、集水ピット方式の準好気性埋立構造が採用されている最終処分場では、維持管理の停止により集排水管末端が浸出水で水没し、埋立層内部が嫌気化する事によりメタンガスの発生及び浸出水水質の悪化が懸念される。そこで、埋立廃止後の内部環境の変化が与える影響を評価することを目的して、最終処分場の廃止基準を満足している不燃物主体の準好気性埋立地から採取した廃棄物を小型埋立実験槽に充填し、その発生ガス質及び浸出水水質の挙動を調査した。その結果、易分解性有機物が少ないこと及び廃止後に十分な酸素が廃棄物内に存在していること等で不燃物主体の準好気性埋立地の集排水管の水没に伴う廃棄物層の嫌気化は軽微であることが明らかになった。また、その変化に伴う浸出水水質の変化や硫化水素・メタン発生のリスクは少ない事がわかった。

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我々は準好気性の埋立構造に浸出水の「水量削減効果」、「水質浄化」、及び「窒素除去促進効果」を有する「循環式準好気性」のシステムを開発し、水処理施設が設置できない途上国の処分場における水汚染対策として推奨している。「循環式準好気性」のシステムでは立渠設置により好気性領域が拡大すると共に循環による微生物の集積が図られる。これにより浸出水量削減、水質浄化の効果があることが既存の研究により明らかになっている。本実験ではこれらの効果を比較検討するため「準好気性」、「循環式準好気性」、「曝気循環式準好気性」の３種の異なる構造を持つ小型埋立槽を準備した。この実験より、浸出水の循環による水質浄化効果は準好気性に比べて高いことが明らかになった。また、浸出水を循環前に曝気し、pＨの中性化とDO濃度の上昇を図ることによって有機物分解、窒素除去、及び水量削減が促進された。

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　Placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) is a rare trophoblastic disease in which intermediate trophoblastic cells form a mass in the lumen and myometrium of the uterus. PSTT is characterized by relatively low hCG levels and chemotherapy resistance. Symptoms include amenorrhea and irregular genital bleeding, but there are few other clinical symptoms. In this study, we report a case of PSTT diagnosed by laparoscopic surgery for a uterine tumor.

　The patient was 28 years old, G2P1. Her chief complaint was amenorrhea at adminstration. The blood level of β-hCG was 18.5 mIU/ml with no evidence of normal pregnancy. In MRI, a 32 mm mass at the uterine fundus was suspected to be a red degenerative myoma. hCG levels gradually increased and methotrexate was administered, but hCG levels did not decrease. A pelvic MRI was performed again, and the mass in the uterine fundus had shrunk and was protruding into the angle of the left uterine horn. Therefore a laparoscopic surgery was performed for diagnostic purposes. The tumor that was thought to be a myoma was removed by wedge resection of the angle of the left uterine horn because it was found to have invaded the surrounding muscle layer on gross examination. Postoperative histopathological examination revealed the diagnosis of PSTT, so a TLH was performed. No obvious residual lesions were found in the removed uterus. The postoperative hCG level was confirmed to be negative. We will continue to monitor the patient closely.

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基準省令では「ガスの発生量の増加が2年に亘り認められない…」とあるのに対し、平成14年に埋立部会が提案した廃止基準の調査評価方法においては「全てのガス抜き管で埋立ガス(メタン+二酸化炭素)発生量が測定下限値以下であり、下限値の目安として約１L/分」と記載してある。本研究ではボーリング孔を用いた埋立ガス発生量の測定方法として、孔内をチャンバーと見立て、埋立ガスの濃度を経時的に測定することで、そのガスフラックスを算出する方法を試みた。その結果、今回用いたチャンバー法は、熱線風速計法や地表面で実施するチャンバー法に比べて、精度よく比較的簡便に廃棄物層からの埋立ガス量を計測することができると考える。この結果をベースにさらに検討を続け、埋立廃止基準の測定手法を改定するための情報源とする。

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2017年に「水銀に関する水俣条約」の発効に伴い廃棄物処理法施行令等の改正も行われ、廃水銀等を適切に処理・処分することが義務付けられ、近年、その処理・処分の有効性を評価するための研究が注目されている。本研究では固化体のさらなる安全性を確認するため、先行研究で作成された改質硫黄固化体、エポキシ樹脂固化体、低ｱﾙｶﾘｾﾒﾝﾄ固化体を浸出水に浸漬させるタンクリーチング試験を連続的に行い長期間における固化体の安定性の確認を行った。その結果、①混合・嫌気の浸出水に低ｱﾙｶﾘｾﾒﾝﾄを浸漬した実験において浸漬前後でｐH上昇傾向が見られた。②5サイクルまでの水銀溶出率は最大で低ｱﾙｶﾘｾﾒﾝﾄの0.0004％と微量である。③改質硫黄やエポキシ樹脂において浸出水への水銀溶出は見られず、その安定性が確認された。

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本研究の目的は、埋立構造の違いによる温室効果ガスの削減効果を定量的に算出することで、準好気性埋立構造による、その削減効果を明瞭にすることである。この研究より易分解性有機物のガス化率予測式（2007年モデル）を用いて地球温暖化ガスの発生量算出を行ったところ、新規の大型埋立実験槽（Ｈ06実験槽）の実測値を17ヶ月目において比較したところ、好気性、及び嫌気性において理論値と近い値を示した。また、好気性埋立構造は地球温暖化ガス排出の視点から、その量が埋立構造に必要なエアーポンプからの付加エネルギーに大きく寄与しているため、他の埋立構造に比べ高い排出量を示す結果となった。この実験により、地球温暖化防止策の一つである準好気性埋立構造に関する定量的なデータの一部を示すことができた。

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It is thought that the difference between affected and un-affected side of scapula-spine distance (SSD) is the evidence to have a shoulder's injury in inspection. However, it is not cleared which disorder appears for the difference of SSD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristic of the differences of SSD for each disorder and made an index of differential diagnosis by inspection. We examined 215 cases that had shoulder complaints. We measured SSD of both sides at the upper distances between the medial border of spine of scapula and spinous process of the same height and at the lower distances between inferior angle of scapula and that. We diagnosed from the findings of XP and MRI and clinical examinations. The differences of SSD of each disorder: the upper, the lower. Small size (under 1cm) of rotator cuff tear were 30cases: +2.5mm, +3.0mm. Medium size (1-3cm) of it were 48cases: +4.0mm, +3.3mm. Large size (over 3cm) of it were 40cases: +7.1mm, +9.9mm. Throwing shoulder were 32cases: +7.3mm, +6.7mm. Thoracic outlet syndrome were 15cases: +10.6mm, +7.1mm. Calcific tendonitis of rotator cuff were 17cases: +1.4mm, +1.6mm. Recurrent dislocation of the shoulder were 7cases: -1.7mm, +0.9mm. Frozen shoulder were 26cases: -0.7mm, +1.1mm. The differences of SSD in large size of RCT and throwing shoulder and thoracic outlet syndrome were more than +7mm. As tear sizes were increased, We found that scapula's position of affected side became to abduction and upper rotation. The differences of SSD in calcific tendonitis of rotator cuff and recurrent dislocation and frozen shoulder were less than ±2mm. The differences of SSD becomes an important index of differential diagnosis by inspection.

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Cold rolling and mechanical properties of unidirectionally solidified Al–Al₃Ni strip produced by an open type, horizontal, heated mold continuous casting process were investigated. As-cast and heat-treated strips were used as starting materials for cold rolling. Cold rolling was done in two ways in which the rolling direction is parallel and perpendicular to the casting direction, i.e., the longitudinal direction of Al₃Ni fiber. Edge cracking during cold rolling was reduced by the heat treatment, and also by cold rolling perpendicular to the fibers. Corresponding to edge cracking, lateral spread of the strip was greater in the case of cold rolling parallel to the fibers than in that perpendicular to the fibers. Heat treatments before cold rolling reduced the tensile strength of rolled sheets, while cold rolling enhanced the strength of cast strips. Although tensile strength of the as-cast strip largely depended on the direction of the fiber alignment, cold rolled strips showed less anisotropic tensile properties.

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