In November 2007,in order to prevent the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria,we established a notification system concerning usage of broad-spectrum antimicrobials (carbapenems,fourth-generation cephalosporins,quinolones,and antimethicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) agents),and linked it to a hospital information system.When ordering any of the antimicrobials mentioned above,physicians need to input the reason for prescribing it as well as the status of submitted bacterial cultures,and the period of administration is restricted to a maximum of four days including the day of order entry.
In order to evaluate the system,we compared the amounts of regulated antimicrobial agents prescribed each month,the number of patients they were administered to,culture submission rate,the susceptibility rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for carbapenems and number of Clostridium difficile toxin A samples,between 1 year before the introduction of the system and 1 year after it was introduced.While there was no decrease in the amount of the regulated antimicrobials prescribed overall,there was a significant decrease in the amount of fourth-generation cephalosporins prescribed (p<0.05).The total cost of the antimicrobials did not decrease because the amounts of unregulated antimicrobials increased significantly (p=0.0002).The proportion of patients using regulated antimicrobials decreased significantly,from 17.3% to 13.8% (p<0.0001),and the frequency of ordering blood cultures increased from 26.1% to 53.8% (p<0.0001).In addition,the susceptibility rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa for meropenem and imipenem/cilastatin significantly improved (p=0.0325,p=0.0188),and the number of Clostridium difficile toxin A samples decreased (p=0.0365).
In conclusion,a hospital information system-linked prior notification system concerning broad-spectrum antimicrobials can make a useful contribution to preventing the emergence of bacterial resistance.

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The purpose of this study is to examine the variation when the same subject cooked the same dish multiple times. The ingredients and seasonings automatic measurement system consists of an electronic balance, food tables equipped with a builtin optical sensor, a sensor to measure the strength of the flame, an IH cooker, a data acquisition system, and a personal computer. Information such as food ingredients, the timing of when the ingredients are cooked, the quantities of the ingredients, and the strength of flame are recorded after cooking. Based on the information, nutritional values are calculated in real-time and saved as a

- (CSV) file. As a result of the measurement using the system, the amount of ingredients and seasonings used and the nutritional values varied in the three subjects. The necessity of measurement was shown quantitatively even if an experienced subject with long cooking experience. In particular, subjects who cooked less frequently showed larger variation when using liquid seasonings.

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A program for fully automatic conversion of line plots in scientific papers into numerical data has been developed. By the conversion of image data into numerical data, users can treat so-called 'spectra' such as X-ray photoelectron spectra and optical absorption spectra in their purpose, plotting them in different ways such as inverse of wave number, subtracting them from users' data, and so forth. This article reports details of the program consisting of many parts, with several deep-learning models with different functions, elimination of literal characters, color separation, etc. Most deep-learning models achieve accuracy higher than 95%. The usability is demonstrated with some examples.

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This study aims to develop and validate a measurement system that assesses drowsiness and concentration levels based on facial information and eye movements. The system utilizes the front camera of a smartphone and employs ARKit to measure face sway and saccades, converting these measurements into facial and eye angles for output in the

format. We validated the effectiveness of the system through the automatic classification of the relationship between face sway and saccades during simulated driving scenarios and comparing these results with manual assessments. Two male participants in their twenties, one wearing glasses and the other bare-eyed, were involved in the experiment to consider the potential impact of eyewear on measurement accuracy. The results demonstrated the feasibility of automatic classification using the measured data, with precision and F1 scores surpassing the minimum threshold for binary classification. This study establishes a foundational approach for integrating everyday technology in psychophysiological measurements, opening avenues for practical applications in monitoring concentration and drowsiness in real-time scenarios, such as driving.

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    Diversity of vocabulary is high in the agricultural domain by the people different in a background such as farmer, distribution processor, researcher, and so forth. The diversity is a hurdle to share and exchange agricultural information. In order to lower this hurdle in Thailand, we considered to create the common agricultural vocabulary (CAVOC) in Thai. To realize this, we created the CAVOC translator. It is a mechanism to translate based on CAVOC in English and Japanese defined by Japanese research group. As a result, we confirmed that our system can easily create CAVOC in Thai, and eliminate obvious mistakes.

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A low-cost spectrometer, featuring a micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) sensor, was designed and manufactured using digital fabrication techniques. The spectrometer was morphed into a zelkova leaf-shaped case using a three-dimensional printer. The control software, written in the Arduino sketch programing language, measured the flux of photons in the 400―800 nm range, at 1 nm resolution, every 5 min. The obtained data were saved on a micro SD memory card in the

format. The spectrometer continuously operated for more than 3 d using a type B universal serial bus micro connector and a 10 Ah mobile battery. Four manufactured spectrometers were installed inside and outside of a tomato canopy in the experimental greenhouse of Wakayama prefecture, and continuously measured the spectroscopic flux of photons for nine d. The quantitative changes in the phytochrome photoequilibrium in the tomato leaves were estimated using the data from the continuous spectroscopic analysis. The effect of pruning under leaves on the illumination in the tomato canopy was quantified in terms of the leaf area index. We expect that the proposed low-cost and high-mobility spectrometer will be used in plant production fields.

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産業界ではモータ制御システムが様々な分野で用いられており,その基本原理は大学などで学ぶ初等制御理論で十分説明が可能である.しかし,実際のモータ制御システムはパワーアンプや制御回路など幾つもの遅れ要素を含んでおり,制御特性を求めることは困難である.先行研究では,装置の定常状態における静特性,過渡状態及び比例制御による応答特性の自動計測を実装し,学生実験導入に向けてアンケートによる感性評価を実施した.本研究では,これら教材用モータ制御システムを学生実験へ導入する上で課題となったソフトウェアの改善を目的とし,操作手順の簡略化,結果をリアルタイムに確認できるユーザインタフェースを開発したので報告する.

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In this study, we developed a new system for measuring and monitoring the degree of an employee’s fatigue. The system is comprised of an ergometer, a pulsometer, a Kinect sensor, and a computer. It records the heart rate and the 3D motion of a subject during a pedaling exercise. This system is simple, inexpensive, and easy to use. This paper explains the construction of the system, and reports the results of verification experiments with a special focus on the use of the Kinect sensor. The results show that the Kinect sensor is a useful tool for recording body movement and that the system may be used to measure and monitor the degree of fatigue.

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Compared with their predecessor, the new systems (DataStation, DataCraft) that we have developed offer various advantages such as an increase in the number of types of seismographic equipment applications, the provision of an early earthquake detection process function and the capability to process a large quantity of data collectively. Early earthquake alarm seismographs will be installed along the meter gauge lines in the near future. Before the existing seismographs are replaced with these early earthquake alarm seismographs, we should confirm the suitability of the new system based on the analysis of past data.

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HIS (hospital information system) and PACS (picture archiving and communication system) have become widely popular in clinical offices, and use of RIS (radiology information system) in the department of radiology has spread, creating networking between HIS, PACS, and diagnostic systems. RIS receives patient data and order data from HIS and sends them to the diagnostic systems. On the other hand, the RIS sends the implementation record and accounting data to HIS. When receiving and transmitting of these data are done by the RIS, the event’s time is recorded in the RIS as attendant data. This paper proposes a way to analyze patient flow from the records of the event’s time. The method counts the number of the accepted examinations y_i (i = 0, 1, … N) and the completed examinations z_i every divided time ⊿t from the RIS work list, and computes the following three characteristic values related to patient flow. Those values are average expended time T; T = ( Σ z_i ･ i ･ ⊿t — Σ y_i ･ i ･ ⊿t ) / Σ y_i ,number of exam queue q_i; q_i = Σ y_i — Σ z_i , and dissolved time of queue w_i; w_i = q_i ･ ( ⊿t / z_i ). The method analyzes patient flow of radiology using these characteristic values. It also performs a simulation of the flow in cases of equipment trouble.

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Recognizing human activity in real time with a limited dataset is possible on a resource-constrained device. However, most classification algorithms such as Support Vector Machines, C4.5, and K Nearest Neighbor require a large dataset to accurately predict human activities. In this paper, we present a novel real-time human activity recognition model based on Gaussian Naïve Bayes (GNB) algorithm using a personalized JavaScript object notation dataset extracted from the publicly available Physical Activity Monitoring for Aging People dataset and University of Southern California Human Activity dataset. With the proposed method, the personalized JSON training dataset is extracted and compressed into a 12×8 multi-dimensional array of the time-domain features extracted using a signal magnitude vector and tilt angles from tri-axial accelerometer sensor data. The algorithm is implemented on the Android platform using the Cordova cross-platform framework with HTML5 and JavaScript. Leave-one-activity-out cross validation is implemented as a testTrainer() function, the results of which are presented using a confusion matrix. The testTrainer() function leaves category K as the testing subset and the remaining K-1 as the training dataset to validate the proposed GNB algorithm. The proposed model is inexpensive in terms of memory and computational power owing to the use of a compressed small training dataset. Each K category was repeated five times and the algorithm consistently produced the same result for each test. The result of the simulation using the tilted angle features shows overall precision, recall, F-measure, and accuracy rates of 90%, 99.6%, 94.18%, and 89.51% respectively, in comparison to rates of 36.9%, 75%, 42%, and 36.9% when the signal magnitude vector features were used. The results of the simulations confirmed and proved that when using the tilt angle dataset, the GNB algorithm is superior to Support Vector Machines, C4.5, and K Nearest Neighbor algorithms.

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　This paper is a preliminary report about a software application for analyzing stabilometry signals, which we developed using Microsoft Excel. Signals from three force plate pressure sensors (Unimec Co. Ltd.) were amplified and stored in a computer by way of an analog to digital (AD) converter. These signals were converted to

- format with software (Wizard Analyze System) and manually transferred to the Excel worksheets. This software is able to analyze 100Hz or 20Hz sampling data. The analysis consists of two parts. Part I examines Coordinates and mean values of foot pressure center position, Enveloped area, Rectangular area, Root mean square area, Length of sway path during 60 seconds and 1 second, Length of sway path per unit area, Amplitude histogram and skew/kurtosis, Romberg quotient, Velocity vector in 8 directions, Location vector in 8 directions, and Fast Fourier Transform. In clinical stabilometric examination, Part I items are mandated by the health insurance system. Part II examines the Area of 95% confidence ellipse, Velocity chart during 60 seconds, Velocity vector in 8 directions during 15 seconds, Discrete Fourier transformation, Estimation of body movement at the level of the waist using inverse discrete Fourier transformation, Short-time Fourier transformation, Autocorrelation function graph, Cross correlation function graph, Animation of Statokinesiogram, and so on. Part II analysis items were included to better understand the Part I analysis results and to further develop them. Using Microsoft Excel to analyze stabilometry data offers new analyses that could not previously be performed.

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　電子カルテシステムの稼働開始から1年4か月経過後に職員へのアンケート調査を実施し，電子カルテ導入による効果を検証した。導入については72%の職員が良かったと回答しており，高く評価されていた。業務の効率化については，負担が増えたという回答が23%であったが，約2倍の43%は負担が減ったとしており，病院全体としては効率化されたと考えられた。電子カルテ導入の効果としては，日々の診療で蓄積された膨大なデータからData Ware Houseシステムを使用して，多様なデータ抽出が可能となったことがあげられる。安曇総合病院ではこのシステムを，医療の質の評価を行なうための指標 (Quality Indicator) の集計や，診療科別原価計算の精度向上のために利用している。電子カルテの導入により，業務の効率化を追求するだけではなく，蓄積されたデータを分析し「医療の質の向上」や「病院経営の健全化」に活用することが可能となった。

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北海道支所実験林内のカンバ林において天然更新したシラカンバ12個体の主幹の年輪幅を測定し、機械可読な電子データとしてまとめた。標本とした幹は、発芽から14成長期を経過したものと考えられる。2019年5月に伐倒、根際0.3 mから1 mごとの高さで円盤を採取し、年輪読み取り装置を用いて各円盤について4方向で各年の年輪幅を測定した。年輪幅の増減のパターンは、4方向間で増減が一致した場合の数がランダムな条件を仮定した場合よりも多かった。最終的に、各幹各高さの各年における平均半径の値としてコンマ区切り形式のファイルに取りまとめた。また、各標本木について樹幹解析図を作成した。

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本研究は、成形形状に応じて形状変形する型を用いた微小部品の成形システムに関するものである。すなわちプレス金型における順送り型の方式を応用し、紫外線照射により変形するPLZTセラミックスを型に適用した。この型は型自体の加工や積層時の位置合せを必要としない。今回、PLZTの特性を調査するため、表面形状計測装置を開発した。この結果、表面形状及びPLZTの変位量を計測でき、型製作の見通しを得た。

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The purpose of this paper is to evaluate functionality of efficient container terminal and to consider for higher performance of container terminal. First, the process information of container operation is extracted through the database that is constructed by analysis of the daily work report of practical container terminal. And the formulae of skill factor of transfer crane operator including a driving speed and some troubles of machine is defined, and this skill factor is calculated by comparison of operation time of constructed database and defined the standard for operation time. Finally, a Petri-network model of container handling is proposed for estimation of performance of container throughput.

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本研究は表面テクスチャへの利用を目的とする。顕微鏡型表面形状測定器による狭領域の形状データ用いて、それらを複数重ね合わせスティッチング処理し、一つの広領域を作成する。すなわち、実測の三次元データを用いて、表面テクスチャの課題に適応し、微細な表現を可能とした。また、PCクラスタによる並列処理の導入により、処理の効率化を図った。

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To help ensure the proper use of anti-Methicillin-resitant S.aureus (MRSA) drugs,we developed a system for prior notification of the use of these drugs,which is incorporated into the physician order-entry system.The setup also includes a Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) order-system,which is booted automatically when a physician orders anti-MRSA drugs other than linezoride.Our system allows pharmacists and members of the infection control team to make detailed checks of notifications and dosage regimens.
In this study,we evaluated the notification system from the viewpoint of the proper use of anti-MRSA drugs.The total number of vials of anti-MRSA injections consumed decreased significantly after its introduction while the number of orders for TDM doubled as compared with before system introduction.Twenty percent of TDM orders through the new system were those which pharmacists had requested physicians to raise based on clinical data and drug regimens.By helping ensure the proper use of anti-MRSA drugs,the new system has improved clinical outcomes.

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A statistical system needs to be able to work with other systems in a flexible way and be easily extensible, because no one statistical system can implement all the features required by a wide variety of users. Recently, new ways of extending statistical systems have been brought about by the rapid development of software technologies, including the Java language. In this paper, we propose the use of several Java language techniques for realizing extensions of Jasp, a Java-based statistical system, and demonstrate three practical features of these extensions.
The first practical feature is demonstrated in the ability to handle eXtensible Markup Language (XML) documents, which are the standard format for data transmission on the WWW. The second practical feature is the use of the Component Object Model (COM) interface of Microsoft Windows for communication, e.g., with Microsoft Excel. The third practical feature is the sharing of program resources from other statistical software products, and to perform this task we have extended Jasp by using a translator to execute functions written in the XploRe language.

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