The Classic of Mountains and Seas is an important literature book in the pre-Qin period of China. It is rich in content and has an important reference value for the study of geography, myth, folk custom and culture of later generations. China has a long history of understanding and using red color. In the book of mountains and seas, the worship of "red" color is also recorded in large quantities. This kind of worship comes from totem worship of the surrounding world entities, and gradually concentrates into the abstract worship of red color system. This kind of red color worship is of great significance to the study of the life, culture and religious beliefs of Chinese ancestors.

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The proliferation of many-core architectures has led to the explosive development of parallel applications using programming models, such as OpenMP, TBB, and Cilk/Cilk++. With increasing number of cores, however, it becomes even harder to efficiently schedule parallel applications on these resources since current many-core runtime systems still lack effective mechanisms to support collaborative scheduling of these applications. In this paper, we study feedback-driven adaptive scheduling based on work stealing, which provides an efficient solution for concurrently executing a set of applications on many-core systems. To dynamically estimate the number of cores desired by each application, a stable feedback-driven adaptive algorithm, called SAWS, is proposed using active workers and the length of active deques, which well captures the runtime characteristics of the applications. Furthermore, a prototype system is built by extending the Cilk runtime system, and the experimental results, which are obtained on a server, show that SAWS has more advantages for scheduling concurrent parallel applications. Specifically, compared with existing algorithms A-Steal and WS-EQUI, SAWS improves the performances by up to 12.43% and 21.32% with respect to mean response time respectively, and 25.78% and 46.98% with respect to processor utilization, respectively.

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Power consumption has become an important factor in the design of high-performance computer systems. The power consumption of newer systems is now published but is unknown for many older systems. Data for only two or three generations of systems are insufficient for projecting the performance/power of future systems. We measured the performance and power consumption of 70 computer systems from 1989 to 2011. Our collection of computers included desktop and laptop personal computers, workstations, handheld devices and supercomputers. This is the first paper reporting the performance and power consumption of systems over twenty years, using a uniform method. The primary benchmark we used was Dhrystone. We also used NAS Parallel Benchmarks and CPU2006 suite. The Dhrystone/power ratio was found to be growing exponentially. The data we obtained indicates that the Dhrystone result and the CINT2006 in SPEC CPU2006 correlate closely. The NAS Parallel Benchmarks and CFP2006 results also correlate. Using the trend of Dhrystone/power that we obtained, we predict that the Dhrystone/power ratio will reach 2, 963 VAX MIPS/Watt in 2018, when exaflops machines are expected to appear.

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Seasonal and diurnal fluctuations in pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) concentrations in residential sewage water were ascertained in an area with no businesses industry (e.g., plants or offices) upstream. PPCPs with high detection rates included ibuprofen, acetaminophen and indomethacin (antipyretic analgesics), atenolol and disopyramide (antiarrhythmics), clarithromycin (antibiotic), levofloxacin (synthetic antimicrobial agent) and triclosan (disinfectant). In summer, the concentration of triclosan was the highest, while in winter, the concentrations of ibuprofen and acetaminophen were higher than the others. Moreover, three types of diurnal fluctuations were observed: no marked diurnal changes (triclosan), high daytime concentrations (disopyramide) and high nighttime concentrations (acetaminophen).

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  ヒト血漿中のプロポフォール濃度を測定するために，100μLの血漿を用いて，簡便かつ真度，精度および直線性を担保した濃度測定法を開発した．本測定法において定量範囲は50～15,000ng/mL，真度および精度も良好であった．また，煩雑な固相抽出操作が不要なことから，測定者による人為的誤差や感染事故等のリスクを軽減できると考えられた．さらに，－20℃保存下で，血漿中プロポフォールが6ヵ月間安定であることを確認し，臨床研究等において試料を長期凍結保存した場合においても，保存試料の劣化が少ないことが確認された．以上の結果から，本法はプロポフォールを用いた臨床研究において有用な測定系であることが示唆された．

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本研究では，逆問題などの数値計算のための多倍長精度での並列LU分解による連立一次方程式の解法ライブラリの実装について論じる． 非適切問題など数値的に不安定な問題の取り扱いにおいては多倍長計算が有効であるが，計算時間が問題となる．本発表では、MPI による並列計算、exflib による多倍長計算による C++言語および FORTRAN90 の連立一次方程式ソルバを提案する．提案するソルバは，C++ 言語のテンプレート型の逐次計算のソフトウエアと比較したところ，大規模な問題においては super-linear な速度向上比を実現している．

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The EtOH extract of tarragon Artemisia dracunculus, a perennial herb in the family Asteraceae, was found to potently inhibit α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) induced melanin production in B16 mouse melanoma cells. Bioassay-guided fractionation led to the isolation of two alkamide compounds, isobutyl (1) and piperidiyl (2) amides of undeca-2E,4E-dien-8,10-dynoic acid. The respective EC₅₀ values for melanin biosynthesis inhibition were 1.8 and 2.3 μg/mL for 1 and 2.

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A simple and selective method was developed for determining the concentration of hexaconazole in river and sea water samples by using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with an electrospray ionization interface in the positive ion mode and selective reaction monitoring mode. Trace amounts of hexaconazole were collected in a Sep-Pak Plus tC18 cartridge that was eluted with methanol. The detection limit for hexaconazole was 6 ng/l. The recovery of a standard aqueous solution containing 1 μg/l was 96%. The recovery of hexaconazole in the river and sea water samples was 95% and 90%, respectively. Hexaconazole was not detected in the sea water samples. Trace peaks of hexaconazole were found in the river water samples, the concentration being less than 6 ng/l in all cases. The biological degradation of hexaconazole was tested by using river water. No degradation of hexaconazole was apparent in river water incubated at 20 °C for 3 weeks.

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A method for scale-up of a lubricant mixing process in a V-type blender was proposed. Magnesium stearate was used for the lubricant, and the lubricant mixing experiment was conducted using three scales of V-type blenders (1.45, 21 and 130 L) under the same fill level and Froude (Fr) number. However, the properties of lubricated mixtures and tablets could not correspond with the mixing time or the total revolution number. To find the optimum scale-up factor, discrete element method (DEM) simulations of three scales of V-type blender mixing were conducted, and the total travel distance of particles under the different scales was calculated. The properties of the lubricated mixture and tablets obtained from the scale-up experiment were well correlated with the mixing time determined by the total travel distance. It was found that a scale-up simulation based on the travel distance of particles is valid for the lubricant mixing scale-up processes.

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情報通信技術を積極的に活用したeラーニングの導入が高等教育においても具体化され始めているが,総合的な学習環境の開発が課題となり, LMS (Learning Management System)への移行や組織的な運用体制等の構築が重要とされている。そこで指摘される課題を検討し,岐阜大学では従来のテレビ会議システムを包含するLMS基本システムを構築するとともに,総合情報メディアセンター設置による運用体制の整備を進めてきたので,その概要について報告する。

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The rapid advancement of VLSI technology has made it possible for chip designers and manufacturers to embed the components of a whole system onto a single chip, called System-on-Chip or SoC. SoCs make use of pre-designed modules, called IP-cores, which provide faster design time and quicker time-to-market. Furthermore, SoCs that operate at multiple clock domains and very low power requirements are being utilized in the latest communications, networking and signal processing devices. As a result, the testing of SoCs and multi-clock domain embedded cores under power constraints has been rapidly gaining importance. In this research, a novel method for designing power-aware test wrappers for embedded cores with multiple clock domains is presented. By effectively partitioning the various clock domains, we are able to increase the solution space of possible test schedules for the core. Since previous methods were limited to concurrently testing all the clock domains, we effectively remove this limitation by making use of bandwidth conversion, multiple shift frequencies and properly gating the clock signals to control the shift activity of various core logic elements. The combination of the above techniques gains us greater flexibility when determining an optimal test schedule under very tight power constraints. Furthermore, since it is computationally intensive to search the entire expanded solution space for the possible test schedules, we propose a heuristic 3-D bin packing algorithm to determine the optimal wrapper architecture and test schedule while minimizing the test time under power and bandwidth constraints.

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The accurate estimation of gene networks from gene expression measurements is a major challenge in the field of Bioinformatics. Since the problem of estimating gene networks is NP-hard and exhibits a search space of super-exponential size, researchers are using heuristic algorithms for this task. However, little can be said about the accuracy of heuristic estimations. In order to overcome this problem, we present a general approach to reduce the search space to a biologically meaningful subspace and to find optimal solutions within the subspace in linear time. We show the effectiveness of this approach in application to yeast and Bacillus subtilis data.

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Carnitine is an essential cofactor in the transport of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix and plays an important role in energy production via β-oxidation. Vitamin C (VC) has long been considered a requirement for the activities of two enzymes in the carnitine biosynthetic pathway, i.e., 6-N-trimethyllysine dioxygenase and γ-butyrobetaine dioxygenase. Our present study using senescence marker protein-30 (SMP30)/gluconolactonase (GNL) knockout (KO) mice, which cannot synthesize VC in vivo, led to the conclusion that this notion is not true. After weaning at 40 d of age, SMP30/GNL KO mice were fed a diet lacking VC and carnitine, then given water containing 1.5 g/l VC (VC(+) mice) or no VC (VC(−) mice) for 75 d. Subsequently, total VC and carnitine levels were measured in the cerebrum, cerebellum, liver, kidney, soleus muscle, extensor digitorum longus muscle, heart, plasma and serum. The total VC levels in all tissues and plasma from VC(−) SMP30/GNL KO mice were negligible, i.e., <2% of the levels in SMP30/GNL KO VC(+) mice; however, the total carnitine levels of both groups were similar in all tissues and serum. In addition, carnitine was produced by incubated liver homogenates from the VC-depleted SMP30/GNL KO mice irrespective of the presence or absence of 1 mM VC. Collectively, these results indicate that VC is not essential for carnitine biosynthesis in vivo.

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Building an experimental network within a testbed has been a tiresome process for experimenters, due to the complexity of the physical resource assignment and the configuration overhead. Also, the process could not be expedited across testbeds, because the syntax of a configuration file varies depending on specific hardware and software. Re-configuration of an experimental topology for each testbed wastes time, an experimenter could not carry out his/her experiments during the limited lease time of a testbed at worst. In this paper, we propose the AnyBed: the experimental network-building system. The conceptual idea of AnyBed is “If experimental network topologies can be portable across any kinds of testbed, then, it would expedite building an experimental network on a testbed while manipulating experiments by each testbed support tool”. To achieve this concept, AnyBed divide an experimental network configuration into the logical and physical network topologies. Mapping these two topologies, AnyBed can build intended logical network topology on any PC clusters. We have evaluated the AnyBed implementation using two distinct clusters. The evaluation result shows a BGP topology with 150 nodes can be constructed on a large scale testbed in less than 113 seconds.

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Information on false paths in a circuit is useful for design and testing. The use of this information may contribute not only to reducing circuit area, the time required for logic synthesis, test generation and test application of the circuit, but also to alleviating over-testing. Since identification of the false paths at gate level is hard, several methods using high-level design information have been proposed. These methods are effective only if the correspondence between paths at register transfer level (RTL) and at gate level can be established. Until now, giving restriction on logic synthesis is the only way to establish the correspondence. However, it is not practical for industrial designs. In this paper, we propose a method for mapping RTL false paths to their corresponding gate level paths without such a specific logic synthesis; it guarantees that the corresponding gate level paths are false. Experimental results show that our path mapping method can establish the correspondences of RTL false paths and many gate level false paths.

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我々は、アクセス集中時においても、安定してサービスを提供することができるWebサーバのアプリケーション(App)レベル・スケジューラを開発している。Webサーバは、様々な環境で稼動されており、サーバの性能はマシン性能やOSに大きく依存する。本発表では、アクセス集中時のWeb Appサーバの性能を測定することで、性能が実際にOSに大きく影響されることを示す。具体的には、複数のOS上でWeb Appサーバとしてよく知られるTomcatを動作させ、Tomcatに負荷の異なる複数のservletを処理させる実験を行った。実験の結果、OSの違いにより、servletの処理性能に無視できない大きな差が出ることを確認した。OSレベルスケジューラだけで安定したサービスを提供するのは困難であり、Appレベルスケジューラを用いて性能の改善を試みる余地があることが示された。

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