IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems
Online ISSN : 1348-8155
Print ISSN : 0385-4221
ISSN-L : 0385-4221
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Volume 126, Issue 3
Displaying 1-31 of 31 articles from this issue
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Paper
<Optoelectronics & Quantum Electronics>
  • FDTD Analysis of Switching Characteristics in Magneto-Optic Functional Devices Using Magnetostatic Surface Waves
    Atsushi Noguchi, Nobuo Goto, Yasumitsu Miyazaki
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 299-305
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.299
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    Collinear magneto-optic interaction with Magnetostatic Surface Waves (MSSW) can be used for wavelength-selective switches, wavelength filters and frequency shifters in WDM photonic networks and optical processing systems. The switching efficiency can be improved with multi-layer waveguide structure. To investigate the dynamic switching characteristics, FDTD method was employed. The mode conversion between TE and TM mode was successfully demonstrated with FDTD simulation. The filtering characteristics were also evalutated. The FDTD results were compared with the result from the coupled mode theory, and good agreement was obtained. Switching of an optical pulse was also demonstrated by the FDTD method.
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<Biomedical Engineering>
  • Research on the Test of Breast Cancer by Heating Process of Body Surface using FIR Heater
    Jonghyun Yoon, Kazutaka Mitobe, Yoshihisa Katayose, Jun-ichi Ogawa, No ...
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 306-312
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.306
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    In this paper, we prepared a far infrared ray (FIR) heater having excellent radiation characteristics, and investigated the applicable possibility in the test of breast cancer using a heating process of body surface by FIR heater. After Breast thermal images have been taken by IR camera, temperature difference and temperature rise property (dTs/dTr) were analyzed in the region of malignancy, blood vessel and normal tissue after heating 1min, 2min and 8min. From the temperature difference of malignancy-normal tissue region and blood vessel-malignancy, there was the difference according to the stage of tumor, and the significance from just before heating and after heating 1minute was found. In order to improve the discrimination of each region, dTs/dTr value was analyzed in after heating 1min. As a result, it was confirmed that dTs/dTr value is different from malignancy, blood vessel and normal tissue, and possibility of test of breast cancer was confirmed by heating process of body surface using FIR heater.
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  • Discussion about Correlation of Walking and Psychosomatic State by Using Motion Image
    Akio Nozawa, Naoki Mori, Hideto Ide
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 313-318
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.313
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    It is said that the physical and mental state is reflected on the walking motion well. The walking motion shows the psychosomatic state in other words. The purpose of this study is to consider correlation of walking motion and the psychosomatic state. The walking motion is defined by the fixed point observation of the legs using the motion image of front view. The Measuring points are four points in all, which are both knees and both tiptoes. The features of the walking motion was extracted from time series data of the length between measuring points which was measured from the motion images. Principal component analysis was conducted with those charecteristics. Then multiple linear regression analysis was also conducted with principal component scores. As a result, psychosmatic state of each subject was estimated by walking movement.
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  • A Theoretical Study about Parameter Estimation of Space Distributed Local Tissue Impedance
    Emiko Yasuno, Xueli Zhao, Yohsuke Kinouchi, Tadaoki Morimoto
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 319-326
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.319
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    In this paper, a new configuration of the electrodes, called divided electrode, is proposed for a short time measurement of bio-impedance in a cross section of a local tissue. Its capability is examined by computer simulations, where a distributed equivalent circuit is used as a model of the tissue. Estimation of impedance parameters is carried out by use of the Gauss-Newton Method. As a result of them, usefulness of the proposed method is confirmed by computer simulations using a typical layered tissue model.
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  • Modulation Transfer Function Model of Assimilation Phenomenon on Monochrome Images Based on Visual Characteristics
    Takako Nonaka, Morimasa Matsuda, Tomohiro Hase
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 327-332
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.327
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    This paper describes an assimilation phenomenon on monochrome images divided from the size of patterns, and proposes an analytical model about this phenomenon. The frequency spectrum of a sample pattern by the discrete Fourier Transform and human visual characteristics by the Butterworth type Low Pass Filter (LPF) are formulized. A model of the relation between the samples and human visual characteristics, which is additionally introduced the concept of a noise level is proposed, and discussed with the assimilation phenomenon qualitatively and quantitatively. Then, a comparative examination of this model is carried out by subjective evaluation, using the visual distance, and the validity is verified. As a result, the analysis using this proposal model, the cut-off frequency of this LPF is set to 20 cycles/degree, and the noise level presumes -45 dB. The results almost conformed qualitatively to the results of evaluation experiments in this example.
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  • Fast Algorithms of Morphological Operations by Double Structuring Elements and Their Application to Ultrasound Image
    Masayoshi Tsubai, Toshihiro Nishimura
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 333-338
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.333
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    We propose fast algorithms for gray-scale morphology by double structuring elements (DSEs). The fast algorithms are implemented with chain rule and decomposition of the DSEs. The DSE allows morphological openings to sharpen edges of the image components, changing shape of the domain and gray values of the DSE with respect to spatial positions to adapt them for local structure. In application to contrast enhancement of ultrasound image, the proposed method improves the contrast of tissue boundaries without speckle emphasis. The proposed method shows better performance both in sharpening and in computational complexity, compared to the conventional morphological sharpening with spatially invariant domain of the DSE.
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<Communication and Networks>
  • A Novel Channel Estimation and Equalization for MIMO-OFDM Systems
    Dongguo Li, Bin Guo, Katsumi Yamashita
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 339-346
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.339
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    Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technique combined with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation has a great potential for the coming broadband wireless communications standard. However, MIMO-OFDM system inherits the weakness of the OFDM to channel time-variation. Therefore, channel estimation is a key problem in MIMO-OFDM systems. In this paper, we propose an effective stagger time domain pilot structure, which can avoid the time domain cross interference in pilot section, thus help the channel estimator to obtain uncorrupted channel fading envelopes. Based on these estimates, the cascaded equalizer must eliminate both the ICI and the cross interference among the antennas to recover the transmitted signals. Here, by sufficiently exploiting the underlying structure of system transfer matrix, we propose a downsizing minimum mean square error (MMSE) equalizer, which can not only achieve the satisfied approximation to the conventional MMSE equalizer, but also reduce the computational complexity significantly. The validity of the proposed pilot structure and the downsizing MMSE equalizer is demonstrated by computer simulations.
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<Multimedia Technology>
  • Multimedia Task Scheduling using Proportion-based Genetic Algorithm
    MyungRyun Yoo, Mitsuo Gen
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 347-352
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.347
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    In this paper, we propose a new tasks scheduling algorithm for multimedia task. Multimedia task is typical task of soft real-time system which deadline missing is allowed in. The objective of proposed scheduling algorithm is to minimize the weighted sum of variance of deadline missing and the total number of context switching among tasks. We use proportion-based genetic algorithm for this objective. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is shown through a simulation study.
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  • Fast Multidimensional Nearest Neighbor Search Algorithm Using Priority Queue
    Shiro Ajioka, Satoru Tsuge, Masami Shishibori, Kenji Kita
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 353-360
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.353
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    Nearest neighbor search in high dimensional spaces is an interesting and important problem which is relevant for a wide variety of applications, including multimedia information retrieval, data mining, and pattern recognition. For such applications, the curse of high dimensionality tends to be a major obstacle in the development of efficient search methods. This paper addresses the problem of designing an efficient algorithm for high dimensional nearest neighbor search using a priority queue. The proposed algorithm is based on a simple linear search algorithm and eliminates unnecessary arithmetic operations from distance computations between multidimensional vectors. Moreover, we propose two techniques, a dimensional sorting method and a PCA-based method, to accelerate multidimensional search. Experimental results indicate that our scheme scales well even for a very large number of dimensions.
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<Sound and Image Processing and Recognition>
  • Rotation Invariant Image Matching Based on Correlation of Variance of Local Edge Directions
    Fumihiko Saitoh
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 361-367
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.361
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    Image template matching has been applied to various applications because it can search a similar partial image area to a registered template image in an objective gray-scaled image. This paper proposes a method to search a target image area that has free location and free inclination to a template image. The proposed method uses the variance of local edge directions that is an invariant parameter to the changes of location and inclination of an objective image pattern. High speed matching is expected because the method uses only local information around each edge pixel. The experimental results show that the averaged recognition rate about four kinds of experimental images recorded 99.6%. The proper target image areas were searched in the objective images with free locations and free inclinations. The averaged processing time was 0.16 second.
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  • Assessment Method of Facial Palsy by Amount of Feature Point Movements at Facial Expressions
    Toshiyuki Tanaka, Junko Nemoto, Manami Ohta, Takanobu Kunihiro
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 368-375
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.368
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    At present in medical field, the 40 point method and facial nerve grading system (House-Brackmann method) are generally used for assessment of facial palsy. However, those methods have limitation in the precise assessment, because of subjectivity in diagnosis. Purpose of this paper is to propose objective and quantitative assessment of facial palsy based on the amount of feature point movements on the face. Facial nerve symptoms generally appear in either of right and left side on the face. In facial expression of palsy subjects, the motion on the diseased side becomes smaller than that on the healthy side. We defined some indices of palsy severity from the observation of facial expression. Those indices showed the asymmetry of the facial motion quantitatively. We confirmed that our proposed method was valid for assessment of the facial palsy by comparison with the 40 point method.
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<Control and Measurement>
  • On the Capability of T-S Model in Describing Nonlinear Systems
    Akira Kanehara, Kang-Zhi Liu
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 376-382
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.376
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    Takagi-Sugeno(T-S) model is one of the most powerful methods in describing nonlinear systems. Because T-S model can be easily converted into an LPV system, Lyapunov stability analysis and controller design reduce to solving LMI problem. However, since the constructed T-S Model is generally approximation, how to construct an T-S model with less approximation error is important. In this paper, we propose a modelling method for T-S model which yields no error for some class of nonlinear systems, and discuss some expansion as well as estimation of error bound for general nonlinear systems.
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<Software and Information Processing>
  • Real Time Spectral Analysis
    Hideto Nakatsuji, Sigeru Omatu
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 383-388
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.383
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    For signal analysis, Fourier transform and linear prediction methods are the main approaches. In recent years, wavelet transform which gives the expression of time-frequency domain has been receiving attention. In the wavelet transform, scale and shift operations are used to analyze regional waves in signal. In this paper, we propose a new method for signal analysis. Instead of the wavelet, short sine waves and short cosine waves which have slightly different frequencies and phases established beforehand are used. These frequencies and phases play the same role as a wavelet to analyze a regional wave in signal. However, our proposed method is different from the wavelet transform because it does not use multi-resolution analysis. In conventional spectral analysis methods, all data are prepared beforehand and calculations are carried out using these data. In our proposed method, spectrum is updated whenever the new signal data comes in. We show that the amount of calculation takes a remarkable reduction and it realizes real time spectral analysis. Finally, we show the vocal sounds analysis using the proposed method.
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  • User Profile Creation Using Genetic Algorithm with Kullback Leibler Divergence
    Yanagimoto Hidekazu, Omatu Sigeru
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 389-394
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.389
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    In this paper we propose a user profile creation method using the Kullback Leibler divergence. To cope with information flood, many information filtering systems have been developed up to now. In the information filtering systems it is important to create a user profile which represents user's interests correctly. Since almost all information filtering systems are developed with techniques of information retrieval, machine learning, and pattern recognition, they often use a linear function as a discriminant function. To classify information in the field of document classification more precisely, the systems have been reported which use a non-linear function as a discriminant function. The proposed method is to use the Kullback Leibler divergence as a discriminant function which denotes to user's interest in the information filtering system. To identify an optimal discriminat function with documents which a user evaluates, we use the real-coded genetic algorithm. We compare the present method with the other one using a linear discriminant function and confirm the effectiveness of the proposing method.
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  • Interest Extraction Using Relevance Feedback with Kernel Method
    Yanagimoto Hidekazu, Omatu Sigeru
    2006 Volume 126 Issue 3 Pages 395-400
    Published: 2006
    Released on J-STAGE: June 01, 2006
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss.126.395
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    In this paper, we propose interest extraction using the relevance feedback with the kernel method. In the field of machine learning, the kernel method has been used. Since the classifier using the kernel method creates a discriminant function in a feature space, the discriminant function is a nonlinear function in a input space. The kernel method is used for the Support Vector Machine (SVM), the Kernel PCA, and so on. The SVM set a discriminant hyperplane between positive data and negative data. Hence, a distance between the hyperplane and a training sample is not important in the SVM. It is difficult to use the SVM to score other samples. Our goal is to create a method which scores the other samples in the feature space. We propose the relevance feedback which is carried out in the feature space. Hence, this relevance feedback can deal with nonlinearity of data. We compare the proposed method with the common relevance feedback using test collection NTCIR2. Finally, we comfirm the proposed method is superior to the common method through simulations.
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Letter
<Multimedia Technology>
<Sound and Image Processing and Recognition>
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