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Article type: Cover
1992Volume 436 Pages
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Published: June 30, 1992
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Article type: Cover
1992Volume 436 Pages
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Published: June 30, 1992
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Article type: Index
1992Volume 436 Pages
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Article type: Index
1992Volume 436 Pages
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Article type: Index
1992Volume 436 Pages
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Shigeo CHINO, Hisashi SUGIYAMA
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
1-12
Published: June 30, 1992
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Recent developments of concreting in Japan yielded many considerations. One of them is the trend in constructing building in large dimensions ; for example, the construction of power plants, particularly nuclear power plants requise huge shiedings, i. e. , very large-dimension mass concrete. The process of concreting is based on temperature, i. e. , the heat of hydration and consequently the emerged compressive strength. This papar provides analysis of the results of about 70 expenmental works conducted and published in Japanese over the past 10 years on concreting processes and the conclusions could be summerized as follows ; The strength of core-test specimen provides that strength achieved, with high concreting temperature remains constant or rather with slight increase after initial rise at the first phase, while strength at low-concreting temperature increases in respect of time, i. e. , age measured in terms of months.
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Hirokazu MINAMI
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
13-19
Published: June 30, 1992
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The highly nonlinear extension curves of a PTFE-coated plain-weave glass fiber fabric were measured under three cases of biaxial stress ratio condition. A 4-step-linear approximation which uses least square method was applied on the extension curves. Then the elastic parameters were determined for each of the approximated 4-step-lines, and the 4-step-lines tracked on the measured curves satisfactorily. Further, using the elastic parameters, the deflection of a rectangular flat specimen (40×30 cm) subjected to pressure was analyzed.
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Yoshihiko AKAO, Makoto WATABE
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
21-30
Published: June 30, 1992
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Two typical methods, so-called 'static design' and 'dynamic design', are conventionally used for estimating seismic load of structures in civil engineering. In this paper a new method for earthquake resistant design is proposed. The method is an approach to estimate a structural response due to a ground motion by using of a simple formula derived from a multiple regression analysis. To confirm validity of the method, seismic loads working on basements of an embedded structure are examined. The numerical results of the method are obtained within small errors from those through a dynamic analysis.
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Shuji SAKURAI, Osamu JOH
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
31-41
Published: June 30, 1992
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The purpose of this paper is to discuss the statistical distribution of snow load and the regional property of snow load factor in Load and Resistance Factor Design method according to annual extreme ground snow depths measured at 362 points in Japan. The probability plot correlation coefficient test proposed by Filliben is used for testing five types of probability distribution functions for their goodness of fit to the data samples. The analysis shows that type I and type III distributions are adequate to describe the obserbed annual extreme ground snow depths in Japan. Snow load factors in combination of dead load and snow load are also discussed.
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Takashige ISHIKAWA, Kyoko HIRATA
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
43-51
Published: June 30, 1992
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We investigate the historical changes of live load provisions to the building acts in force, and study the bases that the value for design live load established. This paper reports those changes previous to the Urban Building Law taking note of the value and decrease in load. The live load provisions first appeared in the Drafts of Tokyo City Building Ordinance planned by Dr. Tsumaki. The values of live load, in the Drafts of Tokyo City Building Ordinance planned by members of A. I. J. , were similar to ones in the New York Building Code. They are also referred to in the AIJ Standard for Structural Calculation of Reinforced Concrete Structures. And the provision on decrease in live load was influenced by the foreign Building Codes or books.
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Takuji KOBORI, Shuichi KAMAGATA
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
53-62
Published: June 30, 1992
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For the Active Counter Force System (ACFS), we derived the control algorithms such as, Optimal Adaptive, Instantaneous Adaptive, and Self-Balancing Adaptive Control from the Optimality Principle of Dynamic Programming Method. The Control Performance Surface (S_P) and the Control Performance Curves (C_P) are defined as the set of analytical solutions of the controlled structures. The required fundamental performance property of the ACFS for the earthquake is evaluated from the S_P and the C_P.
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Yutaka MATSUSHIMA
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
63-70
Published: June 30, 1992
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The nonlinear random response of the single-degree-of-freedom system having the elasto-plastic hysteretic restoring force together with the viscous damping is presented. The Gaussian white noise is assumed as the ground acceleration. Two types of damping where the coefficient of viscousity is taken proportional to the elastic stiffness and to the instantaneous stiffness are dealt with. The analysis aims at finding the approximate solutions for the expectation and the variance of displacement, velocity, ductility factor, cumulative ductility factor and damping energy. The solutions are compared and well agree with the digital estimates in many cases.
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Masato MOTOSAKA, Masayuki NAGANO
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
71-80
Published: June 30, 1992
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In nonlinear soil-structure interaction analysis, the substructure method can be used in the time domain, where the interaction forces representing the contribution of the linear unbounded soil to the equation of motion are expressed in the form of convolution integrals. New numerical techniques for recursive evaluation of the interaction forces are presented using the dynamic stiffness in the frequency domain. These techniques are designed to enhance computational efficiency for application to practical nonlinear soil-structure interaction problems. Two applications are also presented. The effects of the frequency dependency of the dynamic stiffness on the nonlinear earthquake response are addressed.
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Kunio YAMAGATA, Atsushi ITO, Takeshi TANAKA, Yoshiyuki KURAMOTO
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
81-89
Published: June 30, 1992
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The statistical study on the ultimate point load and the point load-point settlement curves of bored precast piles were performed. The main conclusions are summarized as follows. (1) The ultimate point ・load is defined as the point load that the point settlement reaches 10 percent of the pile point diameter, and the regression equations between the ultimate point load per unit area and three average N-values are proposed. (2) The empirical fomulas of the point load-point settlement curves in process of loading are proposed. (3) The regression equations between two point spring constants and the average N-values are proposed.
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Shiro KATO, Ryoichi SHIBATA, Takashi UEKI
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
91-103
Published: June 30, 1992
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The purpose of the present paper is to investigate an estimation procedure of the ultimate strength of reticular domes with geometrical imperfections and under non-uniform loading. The elastic plastic buckling stress has been summarized to evaluate the buckling load as a function of a normalized slenderness ratio with reduction factor α. According to several numerical comparisons, the effects of the imperfection are considerable in case of pin supported dome more than roller supported one. Even though these effects can not be neglected, the proposed procedure is proved to give a beneficial estimation of the buckling load with reduction factor α.
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Akio HORI, Kazushi SHIMAZAKI, Akira WADA
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
105-113
Published: June 30, 1992
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A 1/100 scale model of a double-layer space truss designed for a long-span retractable roof was loaded statically. Its rise-span ratio is about 0.20 and members were made of cupper pipes. Single chord tests showed that the elasto-plastic axial force could be obtained from experimental strains. Results of elasto-plastic buckling analyses were well-agreed with experimental ones. At the overall-model test, coupled chord bucklings were observed and they caused a general instability. Buckling length of a chord in a rigid-jointed truss can be approximated as that of coupled buckling of two chords, when elasto-plastic chord bucklings precede to others.
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Yoshinori MATSUMOTO, Koichiro YAMADA, Kenji UEJIMA
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
115-124
Published: June 30, 1992
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This paper deals with the analytical method of the elasto-plastic behavior and the ultimate strength of the timber beam reinforced with steel plates attached by metal connectors on the upper and lower side of the member. The theory presented herein is based on the incremental analytical method. Compared with the experimental results of the reinforced timber beam which was simply supported and loaded at the center, the load-deflection relationship and the ultimate strength calculated with the theory presented herein are almost the same as those obtained in the experiment.
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Yoshinori MATSUMOTO, Koichiro YAMADA, Kenji UEJIMA
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
125-134
Published: June 30, 1992
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Attaching steel plates to a timber column with metal connectors is a very effective method to increase the buckling load of the column. This paper deals with the elastic flexural buckling load of a timber column reinforced with steel plates attached by metal connectors equally on both side of the member. According to the theoretical research presented herein, the elastic flexural buckling load of a reinforced timber column is relatively greater than that of a timber column and the effective length of the reinforced timber column subjected to flexural buckling about the principal axis is represented by two parameters respectively.
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Daisuke KATO
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
135-143
Published: June 30, 1992
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This paper reports on the evaluation method of the axial buckling strains of longitudinal steel bars in reinforced concrete columns, subjected to axial load. Two series of experiments were conducted. In series 1, buckling behaviors of bars subjected to compressive axial load only and those subjected to cyclic load reversals, were compared. In series 2, twenty six 15cm square column specimens, confined by various reinforcement, were subjected to compressive axial load only, in order to evaluate buckling strains. The analytical model was developed, taking into account the effects of the diameter of hoops and longitudinal bars and spacing of hoops.
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Minoru SHUGYO
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
145-154
Published: June 30, 1992
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An advanced plastic hinge method for steel members with closed thin walled section is presented in this paper. This method uses the tangent coefficient matrix obtained by the numerical integration of the hardening moduli of the fibers about the member section to calculate the generalized plastic strain increments. The effect of the shear stress due to torsional load is considered in the fiber level using the von Mises yield criterion. The accuracy of the stiffness matrix is examined by some numerical examples.
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Tethuro ONO, Mamoru IWATA, Kazuto ISHIDA
Article type: Article
1992Volume 436 Pages
155-164
Published: June 30, 1992
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In this paper, T-joints of a new joint system (Y-truss) using rectangular hollow sections are subjected to an experiment to determine the local deformation and stress of the joint and give an equation for estimating the joint strength. This new joint system has been developed to give desired strength and rigidity to the joints without stiffening the connections. The experimental findings about the new truss system are as follows : 1) The strain distribution in the bracing leg is entirely different from that in the conventional system. 2) The ultimate strength of T-joints of this new joint system is greater than that of conventional joints and can be estimated by the equation proposed in this paper with high enough accuracy.
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Article type: Appendix
1992Volume 436 Pages
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Article type: Cover
1992Volume 436 Pages
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