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Article type: Cover
1992Volume 440 Pages
Cover1-
Published: October 30, 1992
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Article type: Cover
1992Volume 440 Pages
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Published: October 30, 1992
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Article type: Index
1992Volume 440 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
1992Volume 440 Pages
App1-
Published: October 30, 1992
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Article type: Appendix
1992Volume 440 Pages
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Published: October 30, 1992
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Kanji YAMADA, Yasuhiro HIRATO
Article type: Article
1992Volume 440 Pages
1-7
Published: October 30, 1992
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An investigation presented is about applicability of assumptions and material properties used to predict behaviors of thin mortar reinforced with carbon fiber woven-mesh. Material properties are measured by mortar (50 mm diameter) and mesh (3 strands ; 250mm long) specimens. Assumptions to predict flexural strength and deflection are common to concrete reinforced with steel bar. And predictions are experimentally verified by bending specimens which have various thickness (from 9mm to 30mm) and reinforcement ratio. The result is ; Predictions of load-deflection relations are approximately accurate but fracture loads and deflections are smaller than experimented with ratio of 0.84 because of the considerable size effect of fracture strength.
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Kazumasa GOTOU, Mayumi NAGATA, Hitoshi KOMATSUBARA, Hideki ISHIDA, Hid ...
Article type: Article
1992Volume 440 Pages
9-17
Published: October 30, 1992
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The physical property, expressing the state of stained outdoor road paved with ceramic tiles in valious settings from a visual point of view, was clarified. In other words, it was found that there was a strong correlation between the psychological scale created through a sensory test for measuring the degree of perceived stains and the changes of optical conditions from a virgin state to a stained state (average color difference and the maximum color difference which show an unevenness of apparent stains). In addition, from the relation between the evaluating scale for measuring the degree of stains and the above-mentioned physical property, a method of evaluation for the state of stains was expressed.
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Katsunobu YADORI, Takuji KOBORI, Tsuyoshi TACHIKAWA
Article type: Article
1992Volume 440 Pages
19-28
Published: October 30, 1992
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This paper describes a theoretical study concerning soil-structure dynamic interaction problems on an alluvial medium. The dynamic interaction of a poroelastic half space is investigated using an analytical model based on Biot's theory of wave propagation. The following results have been obtaind in this study, 1) The interaction effect of the pore water gradually decreases with the higher permeability of the aggregate body, and so the behaviors of the aggregate one tend to nearly those of the perfectly elastic one. 2) When it's permeability is low and the excitation frequency is to some extent high, the behaviors of the aggregate one are nearly those of the Voigt-type viscoelastic one. 3) However, even in the preceding item 2, the real part of Dynamical Ground Compliance in low frequency range has a tendency to be basically diffrent from that of the former works. It's tendency can theoretically be explained with the average stresses in the porous elastic.solid and the pore water at the loading area.
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Madan B. KARKEE, Yoshihiro SUGIMURA, Jun TOBITA
Article type: Article
1992Volume 440 Pages
29-42
Published: October 30, 1992
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Noting the need to consider different levels of excitation in seismic microzonation, comparative suitability of selected methods of scaling a suite of ground motions is investigated. It is seen that scaling by spectrum intensity (SI) produces better overall compatibility in level of nonlinear ground response. Inclusion of the response of long period oscillators, in the definition of SI, improves the compatibility in soft sites. Spectrum intensity amplification (SIA) is a likely indicator of the potential for concentrated damage to certain range of structures, at a site. The concept of limited band spectrum intensity (LBSI) is proposed to account for the effect of large nonlinear response of softer soil sites.
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Tsuneyoshi NAKAMURA, Izuru TAKEWAKI, Yukihiro SHIMANO
Article type: Article
1992Volume 440 Pages
43-56
Published: October 30, 1992
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A new seismic stiffness design method is developed for a building frame-pile-soil system. The interaction system consists of a representative frame, a pile and a free-field soil model. A closed form solution is derived to a hybrid inverse eigenmode problem for a specified fundamental frequency and eigenmode strain. The solution is shown to be useful and efficient for developing a direct method of seismic stiffness design of the building frame-pile-soil system. This is essentially a procedure for solving a hybrid inverse problem such that the member stiffnesses are to be found for specified mean maximum member strains or stress ratios and for a specified pile-soil system under design spectrum-compatible earthquakes. Design examples are presented to demonstrate the usefulness of this design method. Time-history analysis is performed to demonstrate the validity and accuracy of this design method.
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Satoru KAZAMA, Yusuke MIYAZAKI, Hirotoshi SEI
Article type: Article
1992Volume 440 Pages
57-65
Published: October 30, 1992
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This paper reports the behavior of a cantilever earth retaining wall for excavation, in which T-type in cross section is used in order to decrease the displacement of earth retaining wall. The calculation results proved that the displacement of earth retaining wall could be seriously increased by lowering of the bending rigidity of wall, presumably due to tension crack which occured in concrete. Further, this paper showed the behavior of cantilever earth retaining wall with T-cross section in actual excavation which was carried out at the site of soft ground.
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Eiichi INAI, Hisahiro HIRAISHI
Article type: Article
1992Volume 440 Pages
67-76
Published: October 30, 1992
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The deformation at the quasi-stable limit which corresponds to that at the axial load carrying capacity of columns under lateral cyclic loading is discussed in detail in this paper. In the discussion, the mechanism of the deterioration in the lateral load carrying capacity with the axial shortening becomes evident. Based on this mechanism, methods for calculating the strain in the extreme compressive fiber and the curvature in the critical section at the quasi-stable limit are proposed. The calculated strains and the calculated curvatures at the quasi-stable limit and the stable limit are very close to the experimental values.
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Atsuhide HASHIMOTO, Tomohisa YAMADA
Article type: Article
1992Volume 440 Pages
77-84
Published: October 30, 1992
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In this paper, the double shear tests are carried out to determine the shear strength of single 4T, F8T, and F10T bolts and to investigate the effect of initial internal tension for the bolt shear strength, and the ultimate strength of bolts subjected to combined tension and shear loading are examined. The results may be summarized as follows (1) The equation (8)〜(16) may be used regardless of initial internal tension to determine the shear strength of bolts. The ultimate shear load may be calculated on bolt section according to the location of the shear planes. (2) The ultimate strength of bolts subjected to combined tension and shear loading can be represented by the ellipse equation (17).
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Bunzo TSUJI, Hai Wei KANG
Article type: Article
1992Volume 440 Pages
85-93
Published: October 30, 1992
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To make clear the material behavior of a cold-formed circular tube, experiments, such as measurements of residual stress distributions, compressive and tensile tests, have been conducted using six kinds of tubes. Distribution of residual stresses, yield stresses and tensile strengths along the circumferential direction of the tubes are clarified. Multi-linear relationships between tangent modulus and stress or strain are conducted. A method to define the local buckling of tubes using experimental data is proposed. Buckling stress or strain obtained by this method coincides farely well with analytical result.
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Shigeki ITOH, Toshiaki MIYAO, Minoru HIROTA
Article type: Article
1992Volume 440 Pages
95-104
Published: October 30, 1992
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In this paper, the behavior of cold-formed Z-purlins restrained by roof-panels and intermediate braces is investigated. Full-scale tests were carried out and a simple approach was developed to estimate the buckling load. Purlins with such restraints had heigh ultimate strength but the lateral and rotational deformations were observed from initial load. By considering the effect of panels and braces as the effective lateral bending and tortional-stiffness, the load derived from the analysis was shown to be satisfactory for predicting the load at which the increase of rotational deformations were remarkable.
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Toshiro SUZUKI, Toshiyuki OGAWA, Katuji KIMURA, Shojiro MOTOYUI, Toshi ...
Article type: Article
1992Volume 440 Pages
105-111
Published: October 30, 1992
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This paper describes the plastic behavior of the H-shaped beam with a circular hole. The plastic behavior of such a beam that has a circular hole at the end of the beam has not been research enough though the recent many papers have been clarified the strength of the beam. In this paper, the above problem is studied experimentally and numerically. As a parameter we consider the distance between the center of hole and the end of beam where plastic hinge will be made under earthquake forces. The both studies clarify the primary properties of the beam qualitatively.
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Kazuhide KUTANI, Kanshi MASUDA
Article type: Article
1992Volume 440 Pages
113-124
Published: October 30, 1992
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The purpose of this paper is to grasp the load carrying mechanism of exposed type of steel column bases. From the test results of steel column-bases subjected to axial force, bending moment and shear force by changing the height of point of contraflexure, conclusions are obtained as following. The dowel action of tension side anchor bolts and the frictional action of base plates are very important elements for the load carrying mechanism of steel column bases. And they are ensured by the top of concrete footing reinforced with steel bars. The dowel action of compressin side anchor bolts is injurious for the frictional action of base plates because their shear resistance is very small.
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Yoshitaka YABE, Shinichi SAKAMOTO, Tadao NAKAGOMI
Article type: Article
1992Volume 440 Pages
125-132
Published: October 30, 1992
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When H-shaped steel beams are connected to box columns, it can be considered that bending moment capacities of beam webs are reduced, because the out-of-plane stiffnes of the column flange in a joint panel decreases as the width-to-thikness ratio of the column flange increases. On the other hand, the presence of scallops at a beam web brings partial loss of cross section at a beam end, and the beams with scallops might reach failure at an early stage. In this study, three-point bending tests using cross-shaped specimens of beam-to-column connections are performed, and finit element method analysis are carried out. The effect of beam scallops and the width-to-thikness ratio of the flange in a joint panel on mechanical behaiviors of the steel beam end are investigated.
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Shin KOYAMA, Kazuoh SEO, Takanori SAMANO
Article type: Article
1992Volume 440 Pages
133-139
Published: October 30, 1992
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During the 1984 Nagano-ken-seibu earthquake, a rather-long period significant later phase appeared after one minute from the principal ground motion at Kumagaya JMA station. As the phenomenon was found in a quite limited area around Kumagaya, it can be understood as some kind of local effects. It increases the response of structures with several seconds in natural period and with low damping factor. This later phase consists of Love-wave which predominates in 6 seconds, and is recorded during restricted earthquakes which occur in Nagano and Gifu prefectures. Therefore it is certain that the underground structure where seismic waves propagate, plays an important part on appearance of the later phase. The focal mechanism also affects the later phase.
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Article type: Appendix
1992Volume 440 Pages
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Published: October 30, 1992
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Article type: Cover
1992Volume 440 Pages
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Published: October 30, 1992
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