Bisphosphonates are well known drugs that can inhibit bone
resorption and normalize the high rate of bone turnover that
characterizes osteoporosis. Recently, hydroxyapatite (HA)
has been used in a bisphosphonates local delivery system
to enhance peri-implant bone formation, and the results
are generally encouraging. In the present study, a thin film
HA coating prepared by radio frequency (RF) magnetron
sputtering technique was used as a bisphosphonate carrier.
The purpose of the present study is to evaluate whether
a coating concentration of zoledronic acid (ZOL), a nitrogen
containing bisphosphonate, can improve peri-implant bone
formation and decrease bacterial adhesion. Custom made
sputtered HA coated titanium cylinders with different
amounts of ZOL were inserted into the femur of OVX rats.
After 2 weeks healing, the animals were sacrificed and the
samples were analyzed histologically and radiologically.
The results indicated that the ZOL released from the
sputtered HA coating stimulated peri-implant bone formation
at relatively low doses (0.5 μg and 2 μg), which is even lower
than previously reported using a ZOL administered plasma
spray HA coating. Furthermore, the bacterial adhesion to the
HA implant seemed unaffected by the application of ZOL.
The results from this study demonstrate the effectiveness
of a local delivery of ZOL from the sputtered HA coating in
order to increase the peri-implant bone formation.
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