The object of this paper is to establish location characteristics of existing isolated forests in Sanda City, Hyogo Prefecture. For this purpose, a map survey using geographical maps and landownership maps was conducted on all isolated forests in Sanda city. The results of this survey are follows; 1) Isolated forests are located on two types of geographical features. One is on a river terrace, plateau or hillsid ea,nd most of these forests are large in scale. The others are on various other geographical features, and most of those forests are small. 2) Both the hillside-typ eforests located on a hillside, which form the green frame of this region, and the other-type forests as we called them, which are not located near shrines, tombs, ruins, ponds or rivers, are considered to be highly likel yto disappear in the future. 3) Especially, the private other-type forests located on the boundary between human settlements and farmland, are considered most likely to disappear. So the politica lpreservation of these two types' isolated forests (i.e., hillside-type and the othertype) is of urgent importance.

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A lucidophyllous forest on Mt. Kurino-dake, Kagoshima Prefecture was studied in order to clarify distributio nof the component species and species richness along the altitudina lgradient. We investigated 35 plots of 100m from 640m to 970m above sea level. As a result, we recognized nine species groups by the similarit yof each distributiona lpattern of frequency(%) of occurrence and mean coverage(%) of each species along the altitudinal gradient. Altitudinal distribution of species group 1 was restricted to 650m-700m. Species group 1 was divided into two sub-groups, the gap species such as Mallotus japonicus, Zanthoxylum ailanthoides, Aralia eleta, Clerodendron trichotomum etc. and the lucidophyllous species such as Gardneria nutans, Viburnum awabuki, Damnacanthus macrophyllus, Anodendron affine etc. preferring a warmer climate. It seemed that a change of vegetation from Castnopsis type forest to Cyclobalanopsis type forest occurred at this elevation. Species richness (number of species) per 100m2 ranged from 83 to 15 and decreased abruptly from low to high altitudes. High species richness at lower altitude depended on the appearance of many epiphytic orchids and ferns on the tree trunks.

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Mammals inhabiting Hyogo prefecture can be estimated to consist of seven orders, 17 families and about 40 species. Except for Logomorpha and Artiodactyla, the remaining five orders among them include species which need some protection and they total about 55 % of all species excluding extinct, introduced and feral species. Ecological information in Hyogo prefecture has been accumulated in few protection-required species: there is no recent information of spatial distribution on Oriental water-shrew, Japanese noctule-bat and Japanese dor-mouse; and little information on Japanese shrew, Japanese horse-shoe bat, Japanese large-footed bat, Schreiber's bent-winged bat ,Japanese tube-nosed bat ,common parti-colore dbat ,Japanese squirrel ,Japanese small flying-squirre lJ,apanese giant flying-squirre lS,mith's vole, harvest mouse and Japanese badger. Damage and population management is also necessary in sika deer and Japanese wild boar, in order to reduce their crop-damaging, and comprehensive management in Japanese black bear, an endangered local population, in order to prevent human-bear fatal accident. Habitat alteration due to human activities, however, has affected the population sizes and spatial distribution of all these protection-required and pest mammals in Hyogo. Habitat management has priority over damage or population management in the process of promoting wildlife management. The precondition for the promotion is :(1) enrichment and enlargement of related administrative function ,(2) fundamental and applied scientifi cstudies ,and (3) understanding of ecology and wildlife-management sciences and support of the promotion by citizens.

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六甲山地西麓に分布する中部更新統の明美累層・高塚山部層について, 挟在する海成層の石灰質ナンノ化石分 析を行った.検出された石灰質ナンノ化石の種群組成は,Gephyrocapsa caribbea, Gephyrocapsa oceanica が優先し,Gephyrocapsa spp. (sma11) を伴ない, かつEmiliania huxleyi とPseudoemiliania lacunosa を産出しないという特徴を有する. この種群組成は, 高塚山部層の海成層が0.35~0.40Maの酸素同位体ステージ11 に堆積したとする考え( 加藤ほか, 1999)と整合的である.

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Local areas with abundant nature are facing a crisis ,the collapse of regions due to a decline in population. This study clarifie schanges in regional policy and the vision of each mayor in the Tajima region, included in dweller type with abundant nature, and in which regional vision is developing according to the intention of each town. Consequently, it is clear that is a issue for the region to create and expand the manpower of the region, to maintain the infrastructure, to make welfare complete, and to promote regional industry. And it's important that then 50 years or 100 years after, natural environment will be conserved, and regional identity will born from natural environment, and one region will exchange with other regions using their own identity.

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Aboveground biomass and stand density of rural forests in Hyogo Prefecture were calculated from tree census data that were obtained the Satoyama Management Project in Hyogo Prefecture etc. The number of data was 91 in 26 areas. Aboveground biomass of rural forests was 162.5t/ha (all type forests), 136.4t/ha (Pinus densiflora forest), and 179.5t/ha (Quercus serrata forest). Stand density was 14,534 trees/ha (all type forests), 16,695 trees /ha (Pinus densiflora forest), and 12,049 trees /ha (Quercus serrata forest). The relationships between aboveground biomass, stand density and number of species were discussed.

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人間による陸上植物のさまざまな利用の結果, その植物が栽培されているものか, 栽培していたものが逸出し て野生化したものか, また本来の自生なのかわかりにくいことがしばしばある. 特に種子植物にはこのような植物が多く,これを標本から判断することは不可能である.たとえばスギやヒノキの標本はほとんどが栽培されたものであろうが, 自生がないとも言い切れない. シダレヤナギは栽培植物であるが, 川原などに野生化したとみられるものがある. モモは日本に自生するとする考えと中国から渡来したとする考えがある. また開発に伴う種子散布により緑化されたり, 植木とともに自生種が国内帰化していることもある. 本目録では, 園芸目的に輸入されたものや農作物など明らかに栽培植物と思われる標本は除外したが, 自生のものか野生化したものか判断しにくい標本はすべて記録されている.なお, 科の配列, 標本の配列, 採集者の略称, 標本庫の略号などの説明はこのシリーズの初報に掲載されている.

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