[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, wearing a mask has become commonly implemented in school life. Compared to adults, there is a lack of knowledge on the effects of mask-wearing on facial expression recognition in children. Hence, this study aimed to investigate this relationship for Japanese preschool children. We collected data from 58 children aged 3–5 years. The children were asked to indicate the type of facial expression from 18 facial expression stimuli that were displayed individually on a screen, consisting of three types of facial expressions (happy, anger, and sadness) × three levels of emotional intensity (weak, moderate, strong) × with or without a mask. The global correct response rate was 86% in preschool children. Wearing a mask significantly reduced correct responses in children (88 to 83%). Happy and stronger emotional intensity (moderate to strong) was associated with higher accuracy. The results suggest that the effect of wearing a mask on facial expression recognition is significant; however, the effects are limited in preschool children.

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[in Japanese]

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This study focuses on the status of disability simulation in elementary school and compares Taiwan and Japan. This study aims to clarify and compare the status of disability simulation and difficulties associated with them in elementary schools. We conducted a survey among six regular class teachers at each of the ten university-affiliated elementary schools in Taiwan (60 teachers in total) and all 68 national university-affiliated elementary schools in Japan (408 teachers in total). The response rates for Taiwan and Japan were 25% (12 teachers) and 23% (93 teachers), respectively. The results revealed that Taiwanese teachers experienced difficulties related to a lack of personnel, while Japanese teachers faced challenges obtaining and preparing the necessary materials and equipment. Consequently, it is recommended that school staff collaborate more effectively and establish connections with external organizations in Taiwan. Furthermore, in Japan, resources should be made available and smooth cooperation with external organizations should be ensured.

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[in Japanese]

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[in Japanese]

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