ABSTRACT : A railway line may become an obstacle to evacuation at the time of tsunami occurrence since railway lines can only be crossed at such a facility as a railroad crossing. Selected for the study were 197 cities, towns, and villages in twelve prefectures which have Nankai Trough Earthquake Tsunami Evacuation Countermeasure Special Reinforcement Areas in them, and this study found that out of these places, 93 areas in 44 cities and towns are areas where it is necessary to cross a railway line at the time of tsunami evacuation. In addition, this study also investigated the present state of countermeasures of both the railway operators who manage railway lines and the local governments that make evacuation plans for residents in regard to tsunami evacuation that involves crossing railway lines. The results were that only a few railway operators have taken tsunami countermeasures for residents living along their railway lines. Although the local governments recognize the necessity of countermeasures, very few of them have actually taken countermeasures. Based on the above results, this study examines problems in the case of tsunami evacuation involving railway crossing.

ABSTRACT : The purpose of this study to establish an effective way of science outreach activity that promote consumption of sustainable fisheries products through examining the determinants for environment-conscious behavior. Buying behavior for local and seasonal fisheries products were defined as environment-conscious behavior. A questionnaire survey (N=3,000) was conducted according to the method used for a survey on environment-conscious behavior for local and seasonal agricultural products in a previous study. Four factors of consumer’s awareness (Social norm, Feasibility, Performance and Environmental contribution) determined as important components through the factor analysis. The structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was applied to examine possible interactions among the factors. Among four factors, ‘Social norm’ worked as the most fundamental variable, while ‘Feasibility’, ‘Performance’, and ‘Environmental contribution’ did as intermediate variables for their buying intention and behavior. ‘Social norm’ was the most influential factor of the model of environment-conscious behavior about the fishery products. Therefore, it is suggested that increase in ‘Social norm’ is indispensable for promotion of environment-conscious behavior for fisheries products.