ABSTRACT : Since the Great East Japan Earthquake, awareness of the importance of disaster preparedness has increased, and disaster prevention and mitigation efforts are being promoted throughout the country. Here, focusing on the evacuation of fishermen working in coastal areas, which are considered to be the most dangerous against tsunami invasion, from tsunami, fishermen operating on small fishing boats without radios obtaining disaster prevention information such as tsunami warnings. It became clear that there was a problem with the method of doing as mentioned, and there was a risk of not being able to evacuate without noticing that a tsunami warning was issued. In this study, we analyzed the issues regarding evacuation of fishermen operating on small fishing boats from the tsunami in the Habomai area of Hokkaido, where many fishermen are fishing on small fishing boats. As a result, we have developed a system that automatically transmits disaster prevention information to small fishing boats at the same time that disaster prevention information is issued by J-Alert.

ABSTRACT : Sexual differences in the external measurements of adult Black-tailed Gulls Larus crassirostris (15 males and 13 females) breeding at northern Niigata Prefecture, Japan were investigated. Males were significantly larger than females in all measurements. Black-tailed gulls at this study site had large degree of sexual difference in head region (head length, bill length, and bill depth), as did individuals from other breeding areas (Kabushima and Rishiri islands). Gender was determined using the discriminant function as follows: D = 54.099 – 0.348 HL – 1.096BD.......................................................................................(1) where HL (mm) was head length and BD (mm) was bill depth. Following this equation, birds were classified as male for D < 0 and female for D > 0. This function correctly classified 100 % of the males and females.