Recently, a demand of the temperate vegetables has rapidly increased by the improvement in the national income in the Philippines. However, the main producing district is limited in highland mountain areas due to the climate conditions. Therefore, rapid develops are found of farm lands in highland mountain areas. In these main producing districts, cultivation of temperate vegetables has made in the conservative farming system by the traditional cultivation method depending on the soil fertility. In addition, deforestation, soil productivity involution, soil erosion and dependence on agricultural chemical control have caused environment disruptions in these areas. Based on the abovementioned background, the main objective of this study is to clarify characters of the temperate vegetables production by the conservative farming system using the quantitative analysis. The first problem is to estimate the Biological and Chemical technology production function. The second problem is to clarify the relationship between the land condition index as soil fertility and soil erosion under the Biological and Chemical technology differences. The results of this analysis are summarized as follows. 1)Biological and Chemical technology process is a condition of the diminishing returns to scale. The technology process intensively utilizes the current capital in the farm with a low soil fertility. Therefore, contribution to the current capital is not high. 2)Farmers have recognized the problems on the land conditions such as soil erosion and soil fertility as a given conditions. Under such situation, in the highland mountain areas the high productivity has been realized by land saving production technology. 3)In the future, introduction of the environmental preservation farming system are necessary for the sustainable development of the temperate vegetables production.

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In order to evaluate the quantity of carbon sequested in the terrestrial vegetation, it is crucial to measure carbon storage precisely in situ. Carbon storage was evaluated based on systematic thorough measurement of biomass and carbon contents in each component including trees, Sasa, standing dead trees, coarse woody debris, litter, roots and soils of the cool-temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest in Gifu Prefecture, central Japan. The site locates at 36ﾟ08' 25" N, 137ﾟ25' 35" E on a south eastern slope of the Mount Norikura at about 1400 m above sea level. One hectare of forest (100 m× 100 m) was divided into 100 10 m by 10 m subplots. Carbon storage was calculated by summing up carbon mass, and simulated at each seven parts of ecosystem, including living trees, standing dead trees, and Sasa of floor vegetation as aboveground parts; plant litters, coarse woody debris, roots, and soils as belowground parts. The results indicate that 71.4 tC of carbon per hectare was in living trees, 5.3 tC in standing dead trees, and 2.8 tC in Sasa of floor vegetation as in aboveground parts; while 22.9 tC in roots, 15.3 tC in plant litters, 4.6 tC in coarse woody debris, and 318.3 tC in soil. So 441 tC/ha is stored as the total, out of which 334 tC is storing in soils and 107 tC is storing in plants in this cool-temperate forest ecosystem.

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