-
青島 啓泰, 菊地 毅光, 飯野 雅
原稿種別: 本文
p.
353-354
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
The surface tension was measured for coal extract solutions. In the plot of the surface tension against the asphaltene concentration, a distinctive discontinuity point considering the critical micelle concentration was observed. The concentration of asphaltene is higher, the aggregation between asphaltene molecules will be accelerated.
抄録全体を表示
-
太田 裕志, 宝田 恭之
原稿種別: 本文
p.
355-358
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
In order to investigate the effect of surface oxidation on the softening property of coal, high and low caking coals were oxidized at low-temperature with various condition in a thermobalance and electric furnace. The oxidation characteristics of coals strongly depended on the coal particle size. The effect of oxygen chemisorped on the coal surface on CSN was quite different from that of oxygen originally incorporated in the coal structure.
抄録全体を表示
-
齋藤 公児, 古牧 育男, 加藤 健次, 長谷川 憲一
原稿種別: 本文
p.
359-362
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
Thermally induced changes in coals are interest from the standpoints of both fundamental and applied research for iron-making process. Furthermore, for very inhomogeneous coals, there is a fascination in the study about the influence of thermal dynamical changes. To monitor the dynamical changes in coals with temperature, an in-situ method must be used, because it is well-known that the properties of coals change dramatically in high temperature range (from 350 to 550℃). Therefore, in this paper, we at first are demonstrating 3D-Single-Point-Imaging which has shown to be successful for studying short relaxation time systems and which is free from distortions due to susceptibility variations for coals. And we have carried out the first systematic in-situ high-temperature NMR microimaging study. of coals between 25 and 550℃ with our newly developed high temperature microimaging probe with systems to clarify the behavior of mobile component at high temperature in coal specimens.
抄録全体を表示
-
則永 行庸, 飯野 雅
原稿種別: 本文
p.
363-366
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
A brown coal was swollen in binary solvents, such as pyridine-benzene or dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)-benzene mixtures at 303K. The fully deuterated solvents were used to investigate the mobility of the coal hydrogen by pulsed ^1H NMR technique. The volumetric swelling ratio (Q) and the amount of mobile hydrogen were measured as a function of the composition of the solvent. The fractional amounts of the mobile hydroxyls, f_<M(OH)>, was also determined by using the reference brown coal samples whose hydroxyls groups were selectively deuterated. The relationship between f_<M(OH)> and the volume faction of the swollen coal gel, φ_B(=1/Q) was established and analyzed by association models. The model predicts reasonably the effect of solvent types on the observed f_<M(OH)> vs φ_B relationships.
抄録全体を表示
-
吉田 貴紘, 飯野 雅, 鷹觜 利公, 加藤 健次
原稿種別: 本文
p.
367-370
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
The mechanism of upgrading thermoplasticity derived from rapid heating of slightly-coking coal was investigated. Although solvent extraction yield was little changed for heat-treated compared with untreated coals, the amount of sorbed methanol increased for heattreated coals. BET analyses showed that the volume adsorbed (V_m) gave the highest for the coal treated at 380℃.
抄録全体を表示
-
西郡 大介, 大橋 葉子, 金 守鉱, 銭 衛華, 石原 篤, 加部 利明
原稿種別: 本文
p.
371-374
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
Hydrogen exchange reaction of three Argonne coals (Illinois No. 6, Upper Freeport and Pocahontas #3) and Wandoan coal with tritiated gaseous hydrogen were performed at several temperatures. The hydrogen exchange ratios of coals with hydrogen were determined from the radioactivity of introduced into coals. Further, the hydrogen exchange rate of coal was estimated by either the pulse delay of [^3H]H_2 pulse or the release rate of [^3H]H_2 from tritiated coal under reduction atomsphere.
抄録全体を表示
-
山本 光義, 張 戦国, 吉田 忠
原稿種別: 本文
p.
375-378
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
The effect of activated carbon as a support for Mn_2O_3-NiO-H_3PO_4 catalyst was studied by using a fixed bed flow reactor under a high hydrogen pressure. By using carbon support, the reaction temperature for the hydrogenation of anthracene was lowered by 50〜60℃ to get the same activity. The H_2-TPD profiles of MNP/AC and MNP/AL catalysts showed that significant amount of hydrogen was adsorbed on MNP/AC, compared to MNP/AL.
抄録全体を表示
-
高津 淑人, 林 隆, 小林 正俊, 杉本 義一
原稿種別: 本文
p.
379-382
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
NEDOL coal liquefaction process has the technical advantage of various coal processing because the solvent quality such as aromaticity (fa) can be controlled at the hydrotreatment stage. At a same reaction condition, degree of the fa decreasing after the hydrotreatment varied with a source coal of the solvent recycled in a 150t/d pilot plant. The variation in the degree of the fa decreasing resulted from composition in aromatic compounds of the solvent because methyl-naphthalenes was more hydrogenated than a pyrene in the solvent hydrotreatment. Activity loss of the catalyst did not appear as the source coal of the solvent was changed. The hydrogenation reaction resulting in the fa decreasing followed first order kinetics with an activation energy of 15〜17kcal/mol in an experimental solvent hydrotreatment.
抄録全体を表示
-
武田 哲也, 掛林 博史, 井口 憲二, 相原 洋一, 岡田 誠一, 水上 和実, 今田 邦弘, 川端 睦麿
原稿種別: 本文
p.
383-386
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
Coal Liquid derived from NEDOL Coal Liquefaction Process consists of a variety of chemical contaminants such as nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. In order to use the coal liquid as transportation fuel, it is needed to improve the quality of coal liquid. Therefore, TOP-NEDOL (Total Oil Processing NEDOL) process in which coal derived liquids were hydrogenated with together solvent at the solvent hydrogenation unit was constructed in PSU. Coal liquefaction test based on the TOP-NEDOL process was carried out using the 1ton/day Process Supporting Unit (PSU). Coal liquefaction and fluid dynamics in the liquefaction reactors were investigated.
抄録全体を表示
-
高木 英行, 礒田 隆聡, 草壁 克己, 諸岡 成治
原稿種別: 本文
p.
387-390
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
Solvent extracted coals, as well as a phenolic resin and polystyrene, which were used as model compounds, were hydrogenated using a Ru catalyst at 120℃ for 0.5-72h under a hydrogen pressure of 6-10MPa and then pyrolyzed at 500-764℃. The aromatic structures of the coals and polymers were altered by the catalytic hydrogenation. The pyrolysis reactivity was related to the aromatic structures of main chains, which were greatly changed by the hydrogenation.
抄録全体を表示
-
二宮 善彦, 水野 敏之, 佐藤 厚, 富永 浩章, 山下 亨
原稿種別: 本文
p.
391-394
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
The amount of deposit particles on the water-cooled wall increased in order to promote the melting of quartz and anorthite by the addition of sodium vapor and hydrogen sulfide. Low melting point compounds such as sodium silicate were formed on the particle surface as a result of that the stickiness of the particles increased. The angular and large particles hardly deposit on the wall, because the inertial force is larger than the adhesion one.
抄録全体を表示
-
高瀬 代代人, 高木 英行, 礒田 隆聡, 草壁 克己, 諸岡 成治
原稿種別: 本文
p.
395-398
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
The effects of deashing and H_2O_2 oxidation on CO conversion in low-temperature gasification were investigated. The CO/CO_2 selectivity in a flow of 10% oxygen at 500℃ was increased to 1.6-1.8 under optimized conditions.
抄録全体を表示
-
小田 廣和, 麻生 宏実
原稿種別: 本文
p.
399-402
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
Investigation was done about the effect which the air oxidization of the coal exerted on the pore-structure and reactivity of chars about 41 kind of common coal samples which will be used newly. Three kinds of chars were prepared under different heating-conditions. On the other hand, it oxidized with 398K in the air for seven hours, and char was made in the same method. As for the specific surface area of parent coals, true density increased due to the oxidization. Yield of chars increased by oxidization, and it was remarkable in rapid-heating, and that effect increased greatly as the low of C%. The specific surface area of chars showed a tendency of increase due to the oxidization. There was no change in the reactivity of chars on the condition for seven hours that it oxidized at 398K.
抄録全体を表示
-
片桐 元, 村木 直樹, 宝田 恭之, 神原 信志, 原田 道昭
原稿種別: 本文
p.
403-406
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
Raman spectra were measured for chars of several coals heattreated at 900, 1400 and 1700℃. Spectral features are discussed in connection with structure ordering during heating process. It is demonstrated that the Raman parameter map between I_D/I_G and I_V/I_G is useful to characterize chars concerning with graphitizing property of coals.
抄録全体を表示
-
Nakorn WORASUWANNARAK, 中川 浩行, 三浦 孝一
原稿種別: 本文
p.
407-410
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
Examination of the mechanism of low temperature oxidation of coal is important for understanding spontaneous combustion and/or weathering of coal. In this study the change of functional groups, gas formation rates and weight change during the oxidation were measured continuously by using an in-situ FTIR spectrometer, a mass spectrometer and a thermogravimetric analyzer, respectively. From these measurements, it was found that aliphatic groups were first oxidized to form aldehydes. Then the aldehydes are oxidized to form carboxylic groups and esters. Anhydrides are also formed from the carboxylic groups and the aldehydes. A large amount of water is formed simultaneously during the course of these reactions. Formulation of the oxidation rate was intended based on the measurements and the presumed mechanism.
抄録全体を表示
-
前 一広, 高橋 和直, 三浦 孝一
原稿種別: 本文
p.
411-414
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
We have recently presented a new method to produce a large amount of small molecule fatty acids through the liquid phase oxidation. The method consists of the first-step oxidation with H_2O_2 below 60℃ in ambient pressure and the second-step oxidation using Fenton reagent at room temperature. Through this method, small molecule fatty acids and benzen carboxylic acids derivatives were successfully recovered by the yields of 40wt% and 20wt%, respectively, from Beulah Zap lignite. However, it is desired to increase the yield of valuable chemicals and to suppress the carbon loss as CO_2. To do so, it is essential to design a selective upgrading method of the product obtained by the first-step oxidation. In this paper, we examined in detail the structure of the first-step oxidation products by utilizing the RICO reaction, then estimated the potential amounts of valuable chemicals recovered from the brown coal.
抄録全体を表示
-
山口 達明, 五味 克人, 倉金 孝輔, 袁 浩, 滝口 泰之, 尾上 薫, 小林 左東司
原稿種別: 本文
p.
415-418
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
Activated carbons were prepared from such low-rank coals as weathered coal (Inner-Mongolia, China; C: 53.5%, Ash: 19.0%) and brown coal (Yallourn, Australia; C: 63.6%, Ash: 1.4%) with a large quantities of sodium hydroxide under a lower temperature (773-973K) to the conventional steam activation (1073-1273K). By these operations, activated carbons with moderate values of specific surface area (Sg=1320m^2/g) were obtained with high yields (Y=22-45%) to the raw materials. The heat-treated decarboxylation of weathered coal enhanced greatly the effectiveness of activation by alkali, affording the Sg value of more than 1000m^2/g. The elimination of ash, especially silica in the weathered coal, was performed easily with alkali by the washing of the final product while the activation was processed. The ash content of the activated carbon from weathered coal was 4.0% at least, while almost nil for the product from brown coal.
抄録全体を表示
-
Chunbao XU, 坪内 直人, 大塚 康夫
原稿種別: 本文
p.
419-422
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
Effect of alkaline earth metals (Mg, Ca and Ba) on nitrogen distribution in the devolatilization process of raw and demineralized coals has been examined with a fixed bed quartz reactor. The catalytic effect at 1350℃ decreases in the order of Ca>Ba>Mg. With low rank coals, the Ca increases N_2 and NH_3, but decreases HCN, tar-N and char-N. The catalyst is more effective with N_2 formation, but ineffective when loaded on a bituminous coal. Some factors, such as Ca loading, pyrolysis temperature and the sulfur in coal, have been found to affect the activity of Ca catalyst for N_2 formation of the demineralized lignite; the Ca is more active at temperatures of ≧1000℃ but partly deactivated by the sulfur.
抄録全体を表示
-
渡邉 賢, 佐藤 剛史, 相田 卓, 阿尻 雅文, 新井 邦夫
原稿種別: 本文
p.
423-426
発行日: 1999/10/28
公開日: 2017/03/22
会議録・要旨集
フリー
We have investigated the development of coal liquefaction process through partial oxidation in supercritical water. In this study, we conducted hydrodenitrogenation of calbazole via water-gas shift reaction in supercritical water and partial oxidation of n-hexadecane in supercritical water using a tube bomb batch reactor. For hydrodenitrogenation of calbazole, the yield of tetrahydrocarbazole and denitrogenated compounds at 0.3g/cm^3 of water density was higher than that at lower water density, except for 0.05g/cm^3 of water density. The yield of unknown product, which was seemed to be higher molecular weight compound, was suppressed in supercritical water. For partial oxidation of n-hexadecane in supercritical water, the relative amount of oxygenated compounds, which were CO, aldehydes, and ketones, increased with increasing water density. The relative amount of n-alkane also increased with increasing water density.
抄録全体を表示