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高時間解像度版世界エネルギーシステムモデルによる分析
大槻 貴司, 小宮山 涼一, 藤井 康正
p.
192-193
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
会議録・要旨集
フリー
This study analyzes the economic viability of a 100% renewable power system, employing a temporally detailed global energy system model. Intermittency of solar and wind power (VRE = Variable Renewable Enregy) as well as system integration measures, including battery storage, water electrolysis and curtailment, are explicitly modeled. Global power generation capacity grows by 7.5 times from 2015 to 2050 undear a “100%RE” scenario; accelerated deployment of VRE would be crucial. The results also imly economic challenges for the “100%RE” system; marginal CO2 abatement cost is estimated to be 611 US$/t-CO2 in 2050, which is 2.7 times higher than the cost-optimal mitigation pathway (220 US$/t-CO2).
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永友 佑, 本藤 祐樹, 工藤 祐揮, 小澤 暁人
p.
194-195
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
The present study assesses the possibility of spreading renewable power generation using a bottom up linearprogramming model for energy system analysis. The results reveal that an increase in the installed capacity is expected for offshore wind power generation, wave energy conversion, ocean thermal energy conversion and geothermal power generation when considering their co-benefits such as employment creation effects.
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磯貝 基, 小宮山 涼一, 藤井 康正
p.
196-197
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
会議録・要旨集
フリー
Today, energy sector is dealing with severe problems, including but not limited to depletion of fossil fuels, CO2 emissions leading to global warming and so on. These issues deeply link with not only energy sectors but also economic sectors as well. Therefore, it is necessary to develop energy models providing quantitative analysis of energy systems which consider the relationship between energy and economic sectors. In this study, we propose a general economic equilibrium model that elaborates material sectors and energy sectors with high time resolution. The results of this model could be used to identify the best energy-economic policy.
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稗貫 峻一
p.
198-199
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
New technologies promoted the reduction of energy consumption, and the energy efficiency of society as a whole has been proceeding. However, effective use of low-quality energy might further reduce the energy consumption of society as a whole. In particular, next-generation energy systems such as renewable and hydrogen energy might be effective technologies for energy storage and transportation. However, simple indicators of energy consumption could not take into account the quality of energy. Exergy is an indicator that could consider the quality of energy. The results of the assessment for the exergy-based technology could create the value of new energy technologies. This study aims at proposing a method for analyzing exergy consumption over the life cycle by applying input-output tables. In this presentation, I would report on the methodology under construction and case studies using it.
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鷲津 明由, 中野 諭
p.
200-201
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
We created a 2011 input-output table for the analysis of a next-generation energy system (IONGES). This IONGES effort incorporates renewable energy sectors into the input-output table published by the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Japan. The sectors incorporated in the 2011 IONGES data include power generation facility construction sectors and power generation sectors for 11 types of renewable energy. The 2011 IONGES data consists of the following two types of tables: a table incorporating renewable energy sectors as they existed in 2011 and a table incorporating renewable energy sectors up to the composition ratio assumed in 2030. For the 2011 IONGES effort, attention was paid to the following points: first, we created equipment sectors for solar and wind power generation, and second, we described the relationship between the biomass power generation sectors and sectors supplying fuel to them. IONGES made it possible to verify new input-output structures by introducing renewable energy.
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田原 聖隆, 中宮 邦近, 小澤 暁人, 工藤 祐揮, 庭野 諒, 本藤 祐樹
p.
202-203
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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Renewable energy generation is zero emission technology. However, CO2 emission of renewable energy generation plants is emitted from construction stage. We have been conducted analysis of CO2 emission on construction of renewable energy generation apparatus per generated power. Now, the share of renewable power generation is expected to increase towards CO2 emission reduction targets. In the near future, renewable power plants will be manufactured using electricity generated from renewable energy sources, so CO2 emissions per unit of electricity generated will be lower than present levels. In this study, renewable energy power plants calculated the potential for CO2 emission reduction per generated power using LCA. We used scenarios of 2030 (30% decreased by METI) and 2050 (80% decreased by RITE) in our calculations. Electricity ratio per total CO2 emission of PV, wind power, wave power, tidal power generation, and ocean thermal energy conversion is calculated as 32%, 21%, 20%, 21% and 14%. CO2 emissions reductions per electricity generated from renewable energy generation averaged 6% in 2030 and 17% in 2050.
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永富 悠, 岡島 敬一
p.
204-205
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
Operation cost of most of low carbon energy are quite lower than that of conventional power resources. Massive introduction of low carbon energy would eventually distort the market, typically by lowering prices considerably. Some papers describe risks of a price stagnation of the wholesale market. This paper analyzes profitability of power generation facilities in the wholesale power market with the power generation mix model. The result shows that more low carbon energy increases subsidies exponentially due to lower market price. The impact of additional low carbon energy on their profitability are different by regions.
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窪田 ひろみ, 朝野 賢司
p.
206-207
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
We conducted an intnernet suvey to assess public acceptance of renewbles and the willingness to pay (WTP) for the cost burden. The results suggested that their acceptance and WTP were potentially low. The priority of “climate change” as the criteria to decide their attitude was relatively low.
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松尾 誠治, 村岡 駿哉, 藤田 豊久, 鈴木 正哉, 鈴木 克己
p.
208-209
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
The authors focused on the demand-supply relationship of heat between agriculture and industrial area to reduce CO2 emitted by agriculture. HAS-Clay is assumed for waste heat transport by heat storage materials, which can be expected to simultaneously transport heat and CO2, and to dehumidify. Tahara city, where agricultural areas and industrial areas are relatively close, was selected as a model case. As a result, an increase in crops was expected for some crop, the effectiveness of the proposed system was also suggested from the economic and environmental viewpoints.
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神奈川県松田町の事例調査
大石 悠揮, 秋澤 淳, 岩岡 正博
p.
210-211
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
Currently, thinning is not progressing in many forests, and local governments are struggling to manage them. The reason why thinning does not progress is high cost of thinning and low merit for the owner of the forest. On the other hand, many local governments have attempted to introduce biomass energy, but it is difficult to achieve profitability without special support and subsidies, and there are few successful cases. Therefore, by introducing heat and electricity supply equipment such as boilers and cogeneration systems using thinning materials to public facilities, we considered a method of utilizing biomass energy while promoting thinning. In this research, while establishing the management method of the forest such as the place, the time, the quantity etc. where thinning should be performed, the economic efficiency and environmental property in case of introducing the biomass equipment are evaluated, and the optimum equipment configuration and operation method are found.
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大和久 崇, 山本 博巳, 秋澤 淳
p.
212-213
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
In the policy towards 2030 of the 5th Strategic Energy Plan, the promotion of combined heat and power systems is raised. The reason is that combined heat and power systems contribute to energy saving and diversification and decentralization of power generation. This study focuses on the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) combined heat and power systems for commercial and residential buildings. Using the optimal power generation mix model for the Kanto region considered the power and gas distribution with the goal of minimizing the total system cost, the authors carried out a sensitivity analysis of the effects of SOFC installation costs. As a result, it turned out that it is necessary to further reduce the target cost.
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鈴木 高広, 坂本 勝, 佐久間 裕晴, 佐々木 光政
p.
214-215
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
In six elementary schools in Kawamata, Fukushima prefecture, we have held potting cultivation experiments for sweetpotato every year since 2013, and held learning classes for methane fermentation experiments using plastic bottles and power generation methods using fermented gas. If you learn from elementary school that you can produce the whole amount of primary energy annually every year, it is considered that you can create a way to stop global warming.
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民学連携による環境・エネルギー教育の実践
高橋 伸英, 浅輪 剛博, 藤川 まゆみ
p.
216-217
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
The solar power plant about 50 kW was built in UEDA campus of Shinshu University to cultivate awareness of energy and environment of the students. The installation expense of the system was covered by the financial contributions from persons of different statuses including the faculty members, the graduates, the student’s parents and general citizens, based upon the scheme “AINORI-KUN” developed by Ueda Citizens’ Energy (NPO). Various kinds of activities involving the students such as monitoring of the generated power, investigation of effects of snowfall and weeding using sheep are being carried out in collaboration with Ueda Citizen Energy.
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濱崎 彰弘
p.
218-219
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
会議録・要旨集
フリー
SDGs are that the Sustainable Development Goals are the blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. They address the global challenges we face, including those related to poverty, inequality, climate, environmental degradation, prosperity, peace and justice. The biomass is bearing material recycling of the earth. The flow of material recycling can be increased by increasing the biomass. To solve SDGs by 1.6 G ha afforestation so that all the CO2 emission by the use of fossil fuels can be fixed. To collect $25 per 1 ton of CO2 discharge by using the fossil fuel and to spend environmental protection such as growing up the forest. This leads to solve the problems related to poverty, inequality, climate, environmental degradation, prosperity, and peace and justice.
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大島 基, 米田 純, 神 裕介, 長尾 二郎, 天満 則夫, 鈴木 清史, 加藤 晃, 木田 真人, 今野 義浩
p.
234-235
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
In this study, the lithological properties and gas hydrate saturations in pressure-cores recovered during the India’s National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 02 (NGHP-02) in the Krishna–Godavari Basin (K–G Basin) off the eastern margin of India were investigated. Grain size, mineralogy, and grain density and employed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were analyzed in these investigations. The gas hydrate saturations were estimated from P-wave velocities and gas volume measurements. The results of the pressure-core analyses confirm that natural gas hydrates can occur in silt-rich sediments, and the gas hydrate occurrence is controlled by the lithology of the sediments, especially their clay content in the NGHP- 02 pressure-core sediments.
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會田 直生, 平塚 将起, 伊藤 慎一郎
p.
236-237
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
When the water turns into ice, solute uptake and separation occur. However, the mechanism of ice crystal growth and solute uptake is not clear. We investigated using molecular dynamics that the crystal growth rate and solute uptake on three types of ice interfaces. As a result, in crystal growth, differences in crystal growth rates were observed due to differences in temperature and ice interface. In solute uptake, the solute was continuously taken up as it was taken into ice. In addition, ice structure that surrounded by uptake solute has changed. Based on these observations, we clarified the solute uptake and the effect of solute on crystal growth.
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伏屋 豪, 八久保 晶弘
p.
238-239
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
Gas hydrates (GH) are crystalline guest−host compounds comprising hydrogen-bonded water molecules (host molecules) and gas species (guest molecules). Small guest molecules such as small hydrocarbons or hydrogen sulfide form structure I (sI) hydrates. The GH formed from deuterium oxide (D2O) have been widely studied by using a neutron diffraction technique, however, the study by using the Raman spectroscopy is very few. In this study, we measured the Raman spectra of methane (CH4), ethylene (C2H4), ethane (C2H6) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as guest molecules in GH formed from D2O or H2O. In the case of CH4, C2H4 and C2H6 as guest molecules, there were almost no differences between D2O and H2O as host molecules. However, in the case of H2S + D2O hydrate, there were two Raman peaks at 2601 cm-1 and 2613 cm-1 separate from the Raman peaks of H2S + H2O hydrate (2607 cm-1 from H2S in sI 512 cages, 2593 cm-1 from H2S in sI 51262 cages).
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松村 圭亮, 川瀬 晃道, 竹家 啓
p.
240-241
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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We observed phase change of ice and methane hydrate under the freezing point using terahertz time domain spectroscopy. It has been observed that ice sublimes at temperatures above 240 K even below freezing point. On the other hand, methane hydrate also shown to decrease in sample volume at temperatures between 240 K and 273 K. It might be due to the sublimation of the ice formed by the phase change from methane hydrate. However, as this temperature range matches the temperature range of the self-preservation that occurs in methane hydrate, it is possible to see related the preservation. In any case, it has been shown that the volume change of ice and methane hydrate can be observed contactlessly by using terahertz time domain spectroscopy.
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嶋田 仁, 谷 篤史, 嶋田 大海, 菅原 武, 綱島 克彦
p.
242-243
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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In order to reveal the effects of phosphonium cations and the alkyl chains on the phase equilibrium behavior and the crystal structure of semiclathrate hydrates (SCHs), various tributylalkylphosphonium bromide semiclathrate hydrates (alkyl = n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, i-butyl, i-pentyl, and allyl) were investigated. The equilibrium temperatures of these phosphonium-salt-based SCHs are located at wide temperature range (274.1-288.8 K), which may be caused by interaction of water molecules with the phosphonium cations. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) showed orthorhombic structures among almost the samples except the SCHs based on pentyl and allyl chains. Among the orthorhombic SCHs, the higher the equilibrium temperatures are, the larger the dissociation enthalpies get.
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嶋田 大海, 嶋田 仁, 菅原 武, 綱島 克彦, 谷 篤史, 鶴我 佳代子, 青山 千春
p.
244-245
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
Phase equilibrium relations (temperature-composition) for semiclathrate hydrates formed from tetra-n-butylphosphonium trifluoroacetate (TBP-TFA), tetra-n-butylphosphonium trifluoropropionate (TBP-TFP), and tetra-n-butylphosphonium trifluorobutyrate (TBP-TFB) + water systems were measured. The highest equilibrium temperatures of TBP-trifluorocarboxylate semiclathrate hydrates were lower than those of the semiclathrate hydrates including the corresponding alkyl carboxylate anions, respectively. The negative charge of fluorine atom influences the crystal structures of semiclathrate hydrates, resulting in low thermodynamic stabilities of semiclathrate hydrates.
In our presentation, we report the additional results, such as latent heat of dissociation, Raman spectra and powder X-ray diffraction patterns and discuss more detail.
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吉永 明寛, 日笠 謙太郎, 田之上 健一郎, 秀野 晃大, 上村 芳三
p.
246-247
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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Although study focusing on wood species has been conducted for torrefaction, detailed pyrolysis processes have not been studied, and no study has been found to systematize the results. So, in this study, in order to investigate the influence of wood species in torrefaction, we carried out the torrefaction experiment of bamboo, douglas fir and bark. Furthermore, thermal and chemical reaction analysis of the packed bed of biomass was carried out, and the reproduction of the thermal decomposition behavior based on the component ratio was tried.
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白戸 大輔, 義家 亮, 植木 保昭, 成瀬 一郎
p.
248-249
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
会議録・要旨集
フリー
In recent years, due to problems of fossil fuel depletion and global warming, biomass has attracted attention as an alternative energy source. So we focused on biomass gasification. In this study, gasification experiments of three types of biomass are conducted as preliminary experiments of gasification by packed bed gasifier. Assuming that the gas produced when each sample burns completely is assumed as a gasifying agent, the mass loss and gas yield of the sample during gasification were measured.
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高田 一馬, 梅原 直, 田之上 健一郎
p.
250-251
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
Bamboo is noted as a biomass resource that can grow quickly and provide stable energy supply. However, it is considered that clinker is generated during combustion, which causes problems of fire extinguishment and continuous operation. Therefore, in order to evaluate the possibility of suppression of clinker formation, it is necessary to understand the remarkable elemental composition. We report on the relationship between mass transfer and temperature of bamboo in these elements using EDX, focusing on the distribution of K and Si, which are particularly abundant in bamboo.
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黒澤 翔, 佐藤 理夫, 小井土 賢二
p.
252-253
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
In recent years, biomass fuel demand for domestic power / heat production is increasing. For a stable woody bioresource supply, herbaceous perennial energy-crop such as Erianthus arundinaceus (Erianthus) is a promising option. Erianthus (JES1) grew about 14 t/ha in Nasu-shiobara, Japan; it standing-dead, leading to small drying cost. The continuous gasification experiments so far have revealed that the upper limit at which the cold-gas-efficiency does not decrease is about 10 wt%. Further, the LHV of Erianthus (18.4 MJ/kg) was 12% smaller than the timber wastes (20.8 MJ/kg). However, the cold-gas-efficiency for 10 wt% Erianthus blends continued to be the same level as timber wastes. In this study, the effect of metal components contained in Erianthus char on the CO2 gasification rate was investigated using TGDTA. The gasification rate constants for the raw chars are 10 times, 6 times, and triple as much as that was demineralized at T = 800, 900, and 1,000 °C, respectively, which resulted from the presence of metal components.
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秀野 晃大
p.
254-255
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) can be prepared from various plant fibers. CNF has attractive much attention as a promising material because of light, high strength, high surface area etc. However, general CNF has trace substances such as hemicellulose. Thermal-degradation temperature of hemicellulose is lower than cellulose. Therefore, hemicellulose may decrease thermal-degradation temperature CNF. To increase thermal stability of CNF by removal of hemicellulose, the commercial CNF was subjected with several hemicellulases and evaluated by thermal-gravimetric analysis.
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上田 悠里, 甲斐 敬美, 中里 勉
p.
256-257
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
Biodiesel is generally produced by the transesterification of triglyceride and methanol with a by-product of glycerol. Studies have been reported using dimethyl carbonate instead of methanol as glycerol free production. Although high conversion was obtained under mild conditions by using sodium methoxide prepared by recrystallization with methanol, this method required the removal of methanol. In this study, the methanol removal process was skipped and the reaction rate of triglyceride could be enhanced. In addition, glycerol production was reduced by the reaction with dimethyl carbonate.
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宮島 菫, 甲斐 敬美, 中里 勉
p.
258-259
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
Biodiesel is usually produced using methanol over alkali catalysts such as sodium methoxide. In this process, glycerol is by-produced and is not used as a fuel component. In the reaction using methyl acetate instead of methanol, all the products including by-products can be used as fuel. However, the reaction rate is negligibly low when conventional alkaline catalysts are used. In this study, it was shown that the reaction rate could be greatly improved by using a small amount of methanol even when conventional alkaline catalyst was used.
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木村 智洋, 李 瑞波, 應田 涼太, 西村 裕志, 藤田 尚志, 渡辺 隆司
p.
260-261
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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Sugarcane bagasse, an agro-industrial residue after squeezing of the juice from sugarcane has been utilized mainly as fuels supplying energy to sugar factories. However, a huge quantity of bagasse is still unutilized, and its new applications are strongly required. Previously, we found an acidic glycerolysis reaction producing antiviral compounds from sugarcane bagasse. The antiviral compounds strongly inhibited replication of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) belonging to the family Picornaviridae. In the present study, Structure of the antiviral compounds was analyzed by heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC) correlation NMR, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), pyrolysis coupled GCMS (py-GCMS) and 31P NMR. In addition, the gene expression levels of interferon-β(INF-β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) of the host cells treated with the antiviral compounds were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). INF-β and IL-6 are known as cytokines to play a critical role in innate immune response against viral infection. This study proposes a new strategy to protect safe life using lignocellulosic waste biomass.
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加藤 紘輝, 植木 保昭, 義家 亮, 成瀬 一郎, 成川 公史, 森井 一彦
p.
262-263
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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Biomass is attracting attention as an alternative energy of fossil fuel. It is expected that the use of woody biomass will increase in the future. In order to use biomass efficiently as fuel, it is necessary to clarify its combustion characteristics. So, in this study, in order to clarify the combustion characteristic of biomass, pyrolysis and combustion experiment during the temperature rising process of two kinds of biomass were conducted by using the thermogravimetric analyzer. Two kinds of woody biomass were used as experimental samples. The effects of mixing each biomass on the combustion behavior of woody biomass were discussed.
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Rui FANG, Latifa SENIORITA, Eiji MINAMI, Yoshiteru YAZAWA, Hitoshi ...
p.
264-265
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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フリー
Biodiesel has poor cold-flow properties (CFPs) because it contains a small amount of monoglycerides (MGs), which have high melting points. Therefore, biodiesel is typically used by blending with fossil diesel to improve the CFPs. We studied the interaction between biodiesel and fossil diesel components to clarify the important parameters which highly affect the CFPs of blend fuels.
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Nurul Amani MOHD ZAKI, Kotaro TANAKA, Siti Nurjannah ROSLI, Moeka ...
p.
266-267
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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One of the promising energies is from biomass because of their capability to convert organic waste into electricity. In the study, we focus on methods to improve the prformance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The objective of this study is to observe the influence of the electromagnetic field towards the electrical generation of MFC. As the previous study showed that the average generated voltage of MFC was approximately 0.5 V, whereas the level of current density was in the level of μA/cm². The electromagnetic force has been released at the cathode chamber for 40 hours. The data shows that Shewanella Japonica with present of iron powder and magnet showed the highest voltage which is more than 0.6 V at open circuit and max 1.8 ~ 2.0 μA/cm² at the voltage of 0.1 V. Results obtained showed that the electromagnetic force influence the potential output from MFC and also a synergistic effect with the iron powder.
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今西 達哉, 林 順一, 長谷川 功
p.
268-269
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
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In recent years, bioethanol has attracted attention as a substitute fuel for fossil fuels. It is necessary to increase the purity of ethanol in the dehydration process during the bioethanol production process. Although various dehydration methods have been studied as methods for increasing ethanol purity, I focused on the adsorption separation by using biomass chars. It was found that in the case of using the char prepared at the carbonization temperature of 1000 °C, the water vapor was adsorbed on the char, but the ethanol vapor was not adsorbed. However, in the low relative pressure range, the amount of adsorbed water was very little and the separation efficiency of water-ethanol was poor. By using the char containing nitrogen, we succeeded in increasing the separation efficiency of water-ethanol even at low relative pressure range.
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山田 崇真, 林 順一, 長谷川 功
p.
270-271
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
会議録・要旨集
フリー
The activated carbon has superior adsorption performance. Recently, an activated carbon having a large specific surface area has been produced by chemical activation with potassium hydroxide. However, potassium hydroxide is a powerful drug and needs to pay attention to handling. Therefore, in this study, potassium acetate was used as an activating reagent and cellulose was used as a raw material. Cellulose was impregnated with potassium acetate. In nitrogen flow, the impregnated samples were heated up to the carbonization temperature (600-1000°C) at the heating rate of 10°C/min and were holding for 1h. The prepared char was washed by using hot water and was dried. The specific surface area of the prepared activated carbon was analyzed by B.E.T. method using nitrogen adsorption isotherm at 77K. The activated carbon having a specific surface area of 2,880 m2/g was produced from the cellulose impregnated with potassium acetate at the impregnation ratio of 1.0, at the carbonization temperature of 800°C. Further, it was confirmed that potassium acetate acts as activating reagent in the temperature ranges of below 200°C and that potassium acetate is changed to potassium carbonate at 400°C.
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野田 健太, 嶋田 五百里, 長田 光正, 福長 博, 高橋 伸英
p.
272-273
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
会議録・要旨集
フリー
In this study, we focused on aerobic fermentation of waste mushroom medium as a supply method of heat and CO2 to promote crop growth in horticultural facilities. The laboratory-scale experiment of aerobic fermentation of Hypsizygus waste mushroom medium was carried out using an aerated reactor of 2 L maintained at 40 °C for 31 days. Also, the fiber components in the waste mushroom media before and after fermentation were quantified. The results showed that the maximum oxygen consumption rate was about 1.5 g/h・kg-DM, which was 2.5 times higher than that of Larch. The waste mushroom medium decomposed by about 30% during aerobic fermentation and the contents of holocellulose and lignin was decreased by 24 % and 31 %, respectively.
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吉岡 拓如, 亀山 翔平, 井上 公基, Bruce HARTSOUGH
p.
274-275
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
会議録・要旨集
フリー
Operations of grinding logging residues and transporting wood chips were investigated in Japan and the U.S. The total cost of the U.S. grinding and transporting operations was calculated as 69.4 US$/BDT, resulting in the equivalent level with the Japanese operation (71.2 US$/BDT), although the productivity of the U.S. grinder was higher than that of the Japanese grinder as well as the capacity of chip van in the U.S. was larger than that of truck in Japan. This study discusses the detail of cost calculation by comparing the cost breakdown structure between Japanese and American operations.
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波岡 知昭, 奥平 賢嗣, 伊藤 響
p.
276-277
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
会議録・要旨集
フリー
Influences of oxide additives and its content to nickelous anode catalyst for a SOFC on electrochemical performance is evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and temperature programed reduction. Influence of oxide additives and its content on ohmic resistance is negligible. Whereas, activation resistance is influenced by the additive and its content. In the range of this study, the activation resistance of both 10TiNi and 5MnNi is higher than that of 30CeNi. Temperature programed reduction analysis showed that the interaction between nickel, and titania and magnesia is higher than that between nickel and ceria. Strong interaction like SMSI (Strong metal-support interaction defined by Tauster) may be one of the potential mechanisms of enlarging activation resistance.
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鈴木 佑奈, 田中 耕太郎, 横山 暢信, 野澤 響香
p.
278-279
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
会議録・要旨集
フリー
In this study, we aim to develop a natural circulation type redox flow battery using sodium sulfide solution. From the measurement of electromotive force against temperature, it was found that the electrolyte may cause another reaction as the temperature range above 45°C. Also, based on the measurement results of the VI characteristics, it was found that 2.82 mA/cm2, 0.10 V was the maximum output. The calculation results by CFD show that the natural circulation flow rate at temperatures of 60 °C and 25 °C is almost the same as the pump flow rate. In the future, it is necessary to design a cell whose flow rate increases with a smaller temperature difference.
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羽鳥 佳奈, 小林 潤, 雑賀 高
p.
280-281
発行日: 2019/07/31
公開日: 2019/07/31
会議録・要旨集
フリー
In recent years, global warming has become one of the biggest problems all over the world. The main reason is increasing the greenhouse gasses. Hydrogen is expected to reduce the amount of greenhouse gasses included carbon dioxide. Hydrogen used as energy source of fuel cell does not emit greenhouse gasses because of no carbon atoms. On the other hand, it has problems such as storage and transportation. We constructed the hydrogen generation system with ammonia as the hydrogen carrier. When ammonia is thermally decomposed, the low concentration of ammonia remains. However, it has been found out that the low concentration of ammonia causes decreasing the efficiency of fuel cell. Therefore, in this study, we will develop the device to remove remained ammonia in decomposition air.
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