Basidiocarps of Phellinus pini-complex were collected from Larix leptolepis, Pinus densiflora, Picea jezoensis var. hondoensis and Picea jezoensis in Japan, and pairing tests and morphological studies were performed. Two incompatibility groups were detected with interstock pairings of single spore isolates. The first group consists of the population on L. leptolepis and P. densiflora (L-group); the second, that on P. jezoensis var. hondoensis and P. jezoensis (S-group). In morphological studies, significant differences between the two groups were found in pore number per mm and thickness of margin; hence, most basidiocarps would be divided into two groups by these characteristics. However, the two groups were similar in the size of spores and setae. After examining the holotype, the S-group was determined to be Phellinus yamanoi. The L-group is identical with Cryptoderma pini sensu Imazeki, but final determination is hitherto not be possible because of the taxonomic confusion of this complex.
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