Ascospores accumulated in sea foam and fruit bodies of arenicolous marine fungi attached to sand grains were collected regularly from the beach at the Tottori Sand Dunes and observed for about 2.5 years. Twenty-two species belonging to 13 genera (21 species of Ascomycota ［including four asexual morphs］ and one of Basidiomycota) were identified based on morphological analysis of the spores and fruit bodies. The mycoflora identified at Tottori included many species reported from coasts on the Sea of Japan, and so was different from that found on the Pacific coasts of Japan. Among these species, 15 belonging to nine genera were classified into three different types (the year-round type, the warm season type, and the cold season type) according to the appearance of spores in the sea foam. The species within each type had their own temperature-dependent properties in terms of mycelial growth and sporulation. The coexistence on the beach of species with different properties probably causes seasonal fluctuations in the species found in sea foam. Assimilation testing of various substrates (driftwood/seaweed/feather/heavy oil) used by arenicolous marine fungi demonstrated several different preferences. These different substrate preferences probably drive the diversity of arenicolous marine fungi species inhabiting the beach.

Hypomyces boletiphagus and H. completus（Hypocreaceae, Ascomycota) are found for the first time in Japan. The two species were previously reported only from their type localities. The detailed morphological descriptions and illustrations of the two species were provided herein.

The present study reports the identification of Volvopluteus earlei for the first time in Japan, and provides descriptions and illustrations of its morphological characteristics based on specimens collected from the Niigata and Chiba prefectures. V. earlei had small (less than 50 mm in diameter) pileus, an average basidiospore length longer than 12 µm, and rostrate cheilocystidia, and lacked pleurocystidia. Maximum parsimony analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA revealed that Japanese, Indian, African and European samples of V. earlei possessed nearly identical ITS sequences, suggesting that V. earlei is widely distributed throughout multiple continents.

We tested the inhibitory effects of a lavender oil and six volatile components of Lavandula spp., i.e., (-) -carveol, linalool, (R) -pulegone, and three other monoterpenoids, on the growth of Cladosporium cladosporioides and Aureobasidium spp. using vapor contact experiments employing the agar medium dilution method. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the oil in C. cladosporioides NBRC 6348 and A. pullulans NBRC 6353 were 1.0％ (v/v) and more than 1.5％ (v/v) at 25℃, respectively. The MIC for both strains was 0.5％ (v/v) when the water activity (Aw) of the PDA-plate was changed from 0.99 (control) into 0.89 using glycerin. Among terpenoids, (-) -carveol showed the highest antifungal activity (MIC = 0.1％ (v/v)) irrespective of strain at Aw = 0.89.