This study investigated the evaluation parameters and sex differences of dynamic postural control ability in tracking motion on an unstable surface for middle-aged or older people. The participants were stable when standing on an unstable surface, and they adjust the unstable tilt board to the target angles (forward and backward). The evaluation parameters of time are Reach Time (RT), Adjustment Time (AT) and Complete Time (CT), the evaluation parameters of error are Reach Error (RE), Adjustment Error (AE) and Complete Error (CE). As a result, there was a significant correlation between CT and AT, and AT and AE for both men and women in the forward and backward conditions. Therefore, it was suggested that the ability to accurately adjust the tilt angle to the target angles may be more useful evaluation parameters in the tracking motion on an unstable surface.

This study investigated the effect of the positions of stimulus presentation on the recognition of color placement mismatches on visual short-term memory. Color matching and positions were compared in task performances. The correct answer rate for recognizing color stimulus mismatch improved significantly more for tasks of the right visual field than of the upper and lower visual fields. To date, no consistent results have been reported in studies that investigated visual stimuli such as color, shape, and character type. In the present study, we found the right visual field to be superior in the accuracy of color mismatch recognition.

Eight healthy young participants were included in the study. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of step width on the movement pattern of the head and trunk when walking on the treadmill using recurrence quantification analysis. Based on the results, the head and trunk moved in a deterministic pattern, and this pattern was stably repeated when walking on a wide base. Conversely, the head and trunk moved in an irregular pattern and showed high flexibility when walking on a narrow base.

Effects of illumination light on impression and visual function are likely to depend on the observer’s age. In this study, we compared subjective evaluations of 10 lx, 100 lx and 1000 lx lighting environments in children, adults and elderly subjects. Our results showed that children evaluated the 10 lx and 100 lx lighting environments as more “bright”, “like”, “comfortable” and “easy to see black” than did the other generations. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between subjective brightness perception and crystalline lens transmittance, though further study is needed to clarify whether crystalline lens transmittance contributes to subjective brightness perception.

In the present study, babies calming responses to two different cases of swinging stimuli (including mothers swung the babies in their arms, and electric swinging apparatus), and sound stimuli (including brown noise), as well as ‘no stimuli’ case were assessed with behavioral index (scored based on the state of crying and facial expression), heart rate, sympathetic nerve activity index, parasympathetic nerve activity index. The ‘brown noise’ which was presented to the subjects was 70 dB (A-weighted sound pressure level). To carry out this study, 8 babies (seven to eight months old) were exposed to both swinging and sound stimuli, whether individually or simultaneously. The main results of this study revealed that each swinging stimulus calmed crying babies down in comparison with the ‘no stimuli’ case. It was obvious that mothers swung was more effective than electric swinging. However, the calming effect of sound stimuli was not significantly recognized. On the other hand, there were no multiplier effects when each baby was exposed to both swinging and sound stimuli at the same time. About the mother state, it was found by physiological index that the hug was a physical load.