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Volume 13 (1963)
- Issue 6 Pages 541-
- Issue 5 Pages 441-
- Issue 4 Pages 333-
- Issue 3 Pages 219-
- Issue 2 Pages 113-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 13, Issue 5
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Kokichi OHARA, Michiko KONDO, Ikue OGINO1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 441-453
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The rate of cutaneous insensible perspiration in a certain region of a subject varied day by day even when it was measured under the same experimental conditions. Fluctuations within short periods of time were also observed. The amplitude of variations or fluctuations in various regions were large in the following order: Palm, forehead, chest, forearm. Fluctuations in insensible perspiration tended to occur synchronously or in parallel in various regions, revealing that they were caused by common, central agents.
2. The rate of cutaneous insensible perspiration in a limb (forearm and leg) varied according to its position referring to the heart level. Raising the limb was resulted in reduction of the rate, and vice versa.
3. The relationship between cutaneous insensible perspiration and skin temperature was not observed clearly, when the subject was placed in conditions of thermal equilibrium. On the other hand, in the area where the skin temperature was changed considerably by local cooling or heating, a significant positive correlationship was observed. In the cases of vasomotor reflexes elicited by immersion of one hand in cold water, significant relationship between the two variables was also observed in general view in the forearm of the cooled side, but, it was found that the changes in insensible perspiration followed not always the changes in skin temperature in detail. Variations in insensible perspiration seemed rather the reflexion of circulatory changes evoked by the cold stimulus.
4. In conclusion, it was confirmed that peripheral blood flow can affect the rate of cutaneous insensible perspiration, however, this effect is not realized by changing skin temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (949K) -
Naohiro AI, Sadayuki F. TAKAGI1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 454-465
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy applying ether or chloroform vapour for various durations, the electrical activity of the olfactory epithelium, and the movement and length of the olfactory cilia were studied in the frog.
1. The destructive effects of ether and chloroform vapours were found in the olfactory epithelium only when these anaesthetics were applied for longer than a certain duration. When a frog was narcotized per os, the effect of ether vapour was found to be milder than that of chloroform. No remarkable difference was found between the effects of ether and chloroform, when a frog was narcotized in an anaesthetic chamber.The destructive effects occurred much faster in the latter than in the former.
2. The olfactory cilia of only one kind was found in the frog. They have lengths of 10 to 33μ and show active movement. The unmoving cilia stated by HOPKINS (1926) was never found.
3. Applying ether vapour continuously at the rate of 0.4cc/sec, it was found that the length of the olfactory cilia began to reduce after six minutes, and that after ten minutes the movement became slower and soon came to a stand-still. Cytolysis followed these changes.
4. The excitable mechanism which produces the slow potential in response to a general odour recovers in several minutes after the application of ether vapour of 5 and 10cc. However, when the vapour of 20cc is applied, the recovery is only partial in many cases even after the rest of over an hour.
5. It is supposed that the irreversible abolition of the slow potential is caused not only by the selective destruction of the olfactory cilia, but also by the damage of the receptor cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (4509K) -
Takehiko SEMBA, Hajime NODA, Kazumoto FUJII1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 466-478
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has already been reported by many authors that the motor center of the stomach is located in dorsal nucleus alae cinerea (the dorsal nucleus of the vagus nerve) in the medulla oblongata, and that the motor pathways to the stomach from medulla are contained only in the vagus nerves.
However, as it was previously reported by one of the present authors, regarding the augmented motor reflexes of stomach movement from urinary bladder, distal colon and ileum, and regarding the motor effects of the central stimulation of the sciatic and vagus nerves, the efferent pathways of these motor reflexes were demonstrated not only in the vagus nerves but also in the splanchnic nerves.
These findings are also supported by the facts that the augmented motor responses of stomach movement were obtained by the stimulation of the peripheral end of the splanchnic nerves and thoracic sympathetic trunk under certain conditions. Therefore, if the medulla is stimulated, it may be expected to demonstrate the splanchnic motor effect of the stomach movements, through the spinal cord to the splanchnic nerves, as well as to obtain the motor effect through the vagus nerves. The stimulation of the spinal cord will also produce the augmented motor effect of the stomach.
The present study was undertaken in order to obtain the motor responses of stomach by the stimulation of the medulla oblongata and the cervical and thoracic regions of the spinal cord. The stimulated positions were examined histologically.View full abstractDownload PDF (5859K) -
Tokuro FUKUDA, Takeichi KOYAMA1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 479-485
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe thyroid-creatinuria induced by non-toxic doses of thyroid was found to be due to the manifestation of glucocorticoids action.It was difficult to be induced in the absence of adrenal glands and a supply of small amount of cortisone made it reappear.The increased utilization of liver glycogen by thyroid hormone seemed to be the necessary condition of the induction of the glucocorticoids action.Both the thyroid-and cortisone-creatinuria could be prevented by increasing the amount of food intake.These creatinuria, even if marked, were accompanied by only slight increase in the urinary output of guanidinoacetic acid, the immediate precursor of creatine.This was contrary to the case in which exogenous creatine was administered for induction of creatinuria: a very marked increase in guanidinoacetic acid output with slight creatinuria. Thus the possibility of increased synthesis of creatine as the cause of the creatinuria was discussed against the traditional view of the loss of muscular creatine as a wasteful creatinuria.View full abstractDownload PDF (595K) -
Tokuro FUKUDA, Setsuko AKIYAMA1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 486-491
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe resistance against endotoxin intoxication in endotoxin-tolerant rabbits was found to outlast far the ordinary “tolerance” in relation to the “macromolecular hematic syndrome” in which the clearing of endotoxin by the reticuloendothelial system might play a dominant role. The most characteristic in the tolerant state in relation to the resistance against the lethal effect of endotoxin was the lessening of the liver glycogen depletion after massive dose of endotoxin. That this might be due to the stability of liver metabolism was also suggested by the reduced metabolic response to thyroid in the tolerant state. The creatinuria induced by non-toxic dose of thyroid was found to be inhibited in the tolerant state.View full abstractDownload PDF (533K) -
Hisanobu SUGANO1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 492-499
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of central stimulation on minor tremor (MT) was studied with unanesthetized rabbits. The same set of electrodes which were implanted into various areas of the brain were used for recording and stimulation. MT was induced from the m. gluteus maximus with a special pickup.
1. Hippocampul arousal gave little effect on MT; hippocampul seizure had no effect on MT.
2. Acceleration of MT was observed with stimulation of the motor cortex, thalamus and reticular formation.
3. Inhibition of MT was seen upon stimulation of the anterior and posterior hypothalamus suggesting that the temperature regulating mechanism may play an important role in MT.View full abstractDownload PDF (741K) -
Akira ARIMURA, Akihiro KUROSHIMA, Hiroya TAKAHASHI, Shinji ITOH1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 500-507
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of Pitressin on the thyroidal function was studied using the T/S ratio, thyroidal 131I uptake at 3-hour interval and the histological examination.
The T/S of rats intraperitoneally injected with 60mU of Pitressin per 100g body weight was not different from the control value 24 hours after the injection at 20°C. A single dose of Pitressin in the same amount given shortly before the T/S measurement showed no effect either.
The administration of peanut oil once daily for 3 days, which was used for the vehicle for Pitressin tannate, resulted in an enlargement of thyroid and an increase in the T/S ratio, however, Pitressin tannate in oil in a dose of 100mU per 100g body weight did not elevate the T/S ratio further or increase the thyroid weight above those of the rats treated with the vehicle only.
The exposure of rats to cold environment, 10°C, for 1 week, caused a marked increase in the T/S as well as the thyroid weight.Pitressin in a dose of 40mU per 100g body weight twice daily during the period of cold exposure resulted in a suppression on the rise of T/S due to the cold exposure. This result well coincided with the findings in the histological examination.
Pitressin in a dose of 100mU or 25mU per rat failed to modify the 3-hour interval 131I uptakely by rat's thyroid glands.View full abstractDownload PDF (736K) -
Kazuo SASAKI, Hiroshi OKA1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 508-522
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. Accommodation and local response in lumbar spinal motoneurons of the cat were studied by using intracellular potential recordings and direct stimulations.
2. With testing the membrane potential change elicited by linearly increasing or rectangular depolarizing currents applied directly, it was noticeable that irregular small potentials became more distinguishable as the membrane potential was brought near the firing level.
3. It was visualized that the height of monosynaptic EPSP's in motoneurons, being subthreshold to set up an action potential at the resting level, increased in appearance when the motoneuronal membrane was depolarized near the firing level with rectangular currents applied directly.
4. An explanation for these phenomena is that the motoneronal membrane becomes to be apt to induce local responses near the firing level and EPSP's are seemingly increased in size by local responses summing on them.
5. It was assumed that these local responses may reinforce the triggering action of irregular small synaptic potentials to set up an action potential and may take part in preventing the motoneurons from accommodation.
6. With studies on influences of changing the membrane potential upon accommodation in motoneurons, it was observed that the accommodative attitude was partly changeable depending upon the preset level of their membrane potentials. Accommodation of motoneurons was discussed in concern with the changeability.View full abstractDownload PDF (1579K) -
Hisato YOSHIMURA, Masato MIYOSHI, Satoshi MATSUMOTO, Tomijiro FUJIMOTO ...1963 Volume 13 Issue 5 Pages 523-540
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: June 07, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1664K)
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