From the fact that the electron current following a glow discharge of N2 was markedly influenced by mixing a small amount of other gases, a new detector for a gas chromatograph was designed. The glow discharge was generated by applying 2-3×10³ V of 1 Mcps from outside the glass discharge tube.
The electron current was measured through three single collector electrodes sealed at different positions, 5, 10 and 15cm distant from the discharge electrodes. The detector was sensitive to both O² and CO², and their peaks appeared on opposite sides of the N² level.
Since N² gas may be used as the carrier gas, and the structure of th equipment is very simple, this detector may be very useful in analysis of respiratory gases.

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In an attempt to study the effects of heart beat on MT (minor tremor, physiologic tremor), the changes in MT, its auto-and crosscorrelogram and frequency spectrum before and during bradycardia and cardiac arrest induced by right unilateral vagal stimulation were observed in fifteen adult male rabbits.
Vibrations in the autocorrelograms of the MT of both thighs in the control states before and after section of the right vagal nerve were reinforced rhythmically at the same rate with the heart rhythm. Quite the same timepattern was observed in the crosscorrelograms of the R spike in EKG (electrocardiogram) and the above MT, wherein each reinforced swell was induced approximately60msec after the R spike suggesting that the rhythmical reinforcement is driven by the heart beat. The reinforced vibration was higher in its frequency than that of heart rhythm. Enhanced vibrations in the autocorrelograms of the MT and their frequency spectra were observed even by such a weak vagal stimulation that produced hardly and distinct changes in the EKG and MT ink records.
A moderate vagal stimulation to induce bradycardia caused depression of most MT during the elongated resting period of the heart beat, but there was augmentation of some MT. Immediately after initiation of bradycardia, several heart beats were strengthened, each of which was accompanied by anenhanced MT. This verifies the above finding of rhythmical reinforcement of MT. Cardiac arrest induced by slightly strong vagal stimulation was accompanied by depression of MT in most instances, but there was enhancement of some MT. Even when the raising changes in MT were initiated by bradycardia and/or cardiac arrest, depression of MT was noted in the average patterns (autocorrelograms of MT and their frequency spectra) for sustained vagal stimulation of 35 or 48 sec.

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The chorda tympani response of rats to taste stimulations by NaCl, MSG, 5'-GMP, 5'-IMP, 5'-UMP, 5'-CMP and their mixtures at temperatures varying from10° to45°C was recorded. The magnitude of response to NaCl and MSG was reduced with a rise in temperature, while the response to 5'-GMP and 5'-IMP showed a greatest value at about30°C. The magnitude of response to mixtures of MSG with one of 5'-ribonucleotides was modified by a change in temperature as if it consisted of two kinds of temperature-dependent processes, one for MSG and the other for 5'-ribonucleotides. Little enhancement in the response magnitude to mixtures of MSG with5'-ribonucleotides was observed at10°-15°C, but the enhancement became increased gradually with a rise in temperature, the increase being prominent in the order of 5'-GMP>5'-IMP>5'-UMP>5'-CMP.

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MT of normal adults and a patient with typical peripheral facial palsy (Bell's palsy) were recorded synchronous with the EKG, EMG, heart beat and EEG. Bio-information processing methods of correlation and frequency analysis were applied to the MT and EEG and the following findings were observed.
1. The autocorrelogram of MT in the resting state showed, two groups of main vibrations, each of which was intimately correlated with the first and second heart beat (or R spike and T wave in EKG) respectively. They were more distinct in the crosscorrelograms of the heart beat or EKG and the MT. Both of these vibrations which followed the R spike (the first heart beat) and T wave (the second heart beat) were superimposed to cause a beat phenomenon in the autocorrelogram and crosscorrelogram. In the frequency spectra of the autocorrelograms of MT except those led from the forehead, dominant peaks were seen with a broader frequency range (7-15c/sec) than that of alpha wave (8-13c/sec) in EEG. The main vibration of MT in forehead, however, was verified to have a frequency lower than8c/sec.
2. By deprivation of arterial pulsation, each of the dominant peaks in the frequency spectrum of the MT from the thenar did not shift in their frequency but only changed their height. In the MT ink record itself, two main vibrations synchronous to the heart beat were also observed. This finding suggests that the MT may be irrelevant to pulsation, but related to heart beat.
3. In a patient with unilateral palsy of the peripheral facial nerve (typical Bell's palsy), the amplitude and frequency of MT in the paralysed side were lower than those in normal side only in the resting state but also during voluntarily active state.
4. Under lumbar anesthesia, depression of MT vibration was observed, but vibrations correspondent to the R spike in EKG was sustained. Depression of MT due to lumbar anesthesia suggests the existence of neuromuscular MT components other than that of cardiac beat.

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Autocorrelograms and their frequency spectra of normal adult EEGs during flicker light stimulation of about7.5-14cps frequency were studied by weak, intermediate and strong stimulations respectively. In addition, the average evoked responses to flashing light in relation to alpha dominant and low voltage fast EEG patterns were also observed to elucidate the physiological significance of peaks at the high harmonic frequency of the flicker stimulation in the spectra.
A superimposition of a regular damped oscillation of approximately10 cps frequency and an aperiodic random phenomenon were suggested in the autocorrelogram of the control resting state before delivery of stimulation.
Though there was considerable variety, the oscillation in the autocorrelogram during the flicker stimulation showed some decay at first in amplitude but thereafter there was no decay and the amplitude remained constant in response to the stimulation at such time, peaks occurred at the stimulating frequency and/or its high harmonic in the frequency spectra of the autocorrelograms.
In a typical instance, the height of the peak at the stimulating frequency and its high harmonic increased proportionally with the logarithm of the intensity of the stimulation, whereas the peak that had been predominant at about10cps in the control state decayed proportionally suggesting alpha blocking phenomenon. Hereat a distinct low voltage fast pattern was observed in this EEG ink records.
In some instances, the height of the peak in response to the stimulation was decreased by the strong stimulation, though it was increased with weak to intermediate stimulations. In other instances, however, the height of the peak was attenuated with weak to intermediate stimulations but increased by strong stimulation.
An opposite change to alpha blocking phenomenon was also brought out in some instances by the stimulation with a different frequency from that of alpha wave in the control state.
A hitherto established linear theory on EEG activity was developed further to aid the physiological interpretation of the above findings (see Appendix).
The oscillation in the autocorrelogram during the stimulation was not always sinusoidal in its wave form, but was a saw teeth like wave or two or three swells of different forms were spaced in time in some instances suggesting the occurrence of a prominent peak at the high harmonic frequency. As two or three average responses were linked to the flashing light with different latencies and amplitudes, the above peak of the high harmonic wave did not seem to be the repetitive response of this frequency but appeared to be several responses of the stimulating frequency.
Generally, the above average cerebral flash responses during low voltage EEG pattern with low alpha wave were lower than those during alpha dominant EEG, although an opposite evidence in a certain cerebral region was observed to suggest local difference in the cerebral activity.

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1. The effect of tongue movement on the chorda tympani nerve responses of cat to taste stimuli was studied.
2. An increase of varying degrees in the taste response associated with tongue movement was observed during stimulation of the tongue by HCl, water, NaCl, saccharin and quinine. The enhancement in the response to HCl and water was found most remarkable.
3. With a given taste stimulus, magnitude of the augmented taste response was found to depend both on the time after the initial maximum of the taste response and on the sensitivity of the receptors to taste stimuli.
4. The rate of adaptation in the taste response was prolonged as a result of the enhancement in taste response.

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1. Relationships of propriospinal (PS) and spino-bulbo-spinal (SBS) reflexes to peripheral input and output systems were studied in cats. The significance of cutaneous and muscular afferents as well as efferent connections with intrafusal and extrafusal motor units and the involvement of flexor and extensor muscles were investigated.
2. A comparison of afferent stimulation of the two reflex systems shows that SBS reflexes respond at a lower threshold of cutaneous nerve stimulation than PS reflexes. Conversely, PS reflexes are readily elicited by muscular afferents whereas SBS reflexes have a higher threshold and are inconsistent. Conduction velocities of cutaneous afferents responsible for SBS reflexes were found to be as high as50-80m/sec. It was possible to elicit SBS reflexes by mechanical stimulation of the skin, ipsilaterally and contralaterally.
3. A comparison of the muscular responses of these two reflex systems shows that the propriospinal reflexes involve contraction of both flexor and extensor muscles of trunk and extremities bilaterally, whereas spino-bulbo-spinal reflexes involve flexor muscles if excited by cutaneous afferents, and extensor muscles if excited by extensor muscle afferents. Both reflex systems are served exclusively by alpha motoneurons and identical units may respond to the two reflex events in rapid succession.
4. The excitability of PS and SBS reflexes may be increased or decreased by neck proprioceptors as well as by stretch receptors of limb muscles. While both reflex mechanisms are similarly modified by proprioceptive influences, they are differentially affected by Nembutal anesthesia and asphyxia, i. e., SBS reflexes are more vulnerable as compared to PS reflexes.

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1) Utilizing the complete-anemia method devised by HUKUHARA et al., the intramural ganglion cells of the dog ileocecocolic region were destroyed.
2) The animal could not be fed because it vomited every time it took food. The animal survived29days by i. v. infusion of the nutrient solution.
3) The roentgenological examination revealed that the segment affected was in a state of persistent constriction. The histological examination revealed that intramural ganglion cells disappeared in the middle portion of the constricted segment, and that they showed signs of degeneration in the region 0.5-1.0cm close to both ends of the segment.

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