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Volume 33, Issue 7
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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YUMIO KIKKAWA, AKIROU MIMURA, ZENSHIRO IMAGE1991 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 635-642
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGlycolipids were isolated from lipid extract of human kidney . The major neutral glycolipids have been identified as ceramide monohexoside (CMH), ceramide dihexoside (CDH), ceramide trihexoside (CTH), and globoside. As the major acidic glycolipids, Gal Cer sulfate (sulfatide), Lac Cer sulfate, GM3, sialosyl paragloboside, GD3, and disialosyl paragloboside were identified and the most abundant component was sulfatide. Sulfatide was 2 times more concentrated in medulla compared to cortex . In addition, the localization of sulfatide antigen was determined in renal sections by immunoperoxidase staining method . Strong positive staining with sulfatide was observed in distal tubules, limbs of Henle's loop and collecting tubules of normal tissue, whereas glomeruli were negative of staining . However, positive results of glomerular epithelial cells occurred in FSGS and IgA nephropathy so far. Acidic fraction of lipid extract were chromatographed and then tested for antigen by immunostaining. Sera from patients with nephritis contain antibodies to the sulfatides of human kidney as determined by the direct binding of antibody to thin-layer chromatograms. These results suggest that sulfatide antigen may play important role in the occurrence and aggravation of glomerular diseases.View full abstractDownload PDF (5846K) -
YOSHIKO TANAKA1991 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 643-651
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPlasma levels of 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid (FA) and hippuric acid (HA) were studied in healthy subjects, uremic patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and hemodialysis (HD). Analysis of FA and HA in the plasma were performed by gas chromatography with capillary column. The mean value of FA in HD patients (16.7±6.1μg/ml) was significantly higher than these in healthy subjects (3.6±1.0μg/ml) and in patients on CAPD (4.1±3.7μg/ml) (p<0.01). HA levels in CAPD and HD groups were higher than those in healthy controls (2.4±0.8μg/ml). In addition, the values in HD patients (46.7±53.5μg/ml) were more increased than those in CAPD (18.5±16.5μg/ml) (p<0.05). Approximately 95% of total FA and 25% of HA were bound to the plasma protein. However, the plasma level of HA was significantly reduced by HD therapy, whereas that of FA was not altered. In the previous study, it was described that no effect of HD on the percent of the binding of acid drugs to the plasma protein in the uremic plasma was observed. Therefore it is supposed that FA is more involved in the binding of drugs to the plasma protein in comparison with HA. The peritoneal losses of FA and HA in CAPD were 2.3±1.3 mg/day and 276μ40 mg/day, respectively. As the duration of HD became longer, plasma concentrations of FA in HD patients were more increased. In general, they were maintained to be comparatively low in patients on CAPD. It is suggested that CAPD is superior to HD with respect to FA removal.View full abstractDownload PDF (1006K) -
MASAYUKI KOBAYASHI, Toshio KATAYAMA, SHIGEMASA OCHIAI, MAYUMI YOSHIDA, ...1991 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 653-658
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: July 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPlasma concentration of fibrinogen (Fbg), plasminogen (PLG), antithrombin III (AT III), α2-plasmin inhibitor (α2-PI), thrombin antithrombin III complex (TAT) and plasmin α2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) were evaluated in 23 nephrotic patients with proteinuria more than 3.5 g/day, including 4 cases with clinical evidence of thromboembolism. Among patients without thromboembolism, concentration of PLG and AT III was in the normal range but that of Fbg and α2-PI was significantly elevated (p<0.01 for Fbg and p<0.001 for α2-PI respectively). Also there was a positive relationship between AT III and serum albumin (p<0.05). Two fifth of these patients had an increased level of TAT, and also had a higher level of PIC compared with normal control (p<0.01). There was a positive relationship between TAT and PIC, TAT and Fbg (p<0.05), PIC and Fbg (p<0.01). TAT and PIC levels were markedly elevated in the patients with thromboem-bolism. From aforementioned data, it was suggested that patients with nephrotic syndrome would be in the prethrombotic state and the increased level of Fbg is one of the major risk factors of thromboembolitic complications in these patients. Furthermore measurement of TAT and PIC are the useful means for the diagnosis of these complications.View full abstractDownload PDF (646K) -
SYUICHI KONDO, NOBUYUKI YOSHIZAWA, SATORU OSHIMA, AKIHIKO TAKEUCHI, TA ...1991 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 659-664
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo clarify the effect of abnormal lipid metabolism and lipid deposition in glomerular injuries, we conducted clinical and pathological examination of various glomerulonephritis. There was no relationship between serum TC, TG or apo B and renal deposition of apo B or TG in glomerulonephritis. Apo B staining was intense for MCNS but was very weak for FGS. The staining was more intense in higher grade of glomerular injury in IgAN. Apo B demonstrated a specific pattern for MN, MPGN and lupus nephritis . These data suggest that apo B deposition reflects disturbance of glomerular permselectivity of macromolecules including abnormal influx, transport and endocytosis of macromolecules.View full abstractDownload PDF (2196K) -
HIROSHI MATSUMOTO, TOSHIAKI SHIBASAKI, KAZUVA KODAMA, IWAO OHNO, TATUY ...1991 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 665-671
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe evaluated short term clinical effects of intravenous cyclophosphamide (iv CyP) therapy performed by every three month in 7 patients with steroid-resistant lupus nephritis. Significant improvements were observed in daily urinary protein excretion (3.1 to 0.83 g/day), cretinine clearance (65.4 to 95.3 ml/min), CH 50 levels (20.8 to 37.4 U/ml), and anti-DNA antibody titer (26.6 to 7.0 U/ml). In addition, the mean daily dose of prednisolone (PSL) could be markedly reduced from 38.6 mg to 13.9 mg at the final observation. Two patients suffered from Herpes Zoster infection at a few months after ivCyP therpy, however this incidence were not considered as critical side effect which reached to the discontinuation of this therapy. We concluded that ivCyP therapy by every three months were safety and achieved beneficial clinical effects on steroid-resistant lupus nephritis as far as a short observation. On the contrary, the long term effect of this mode of therapy is to be defined.View full abstractDownload PDF (2401K) -
KAORU KIHARA, NAOTO NAGATA, MAYUMI TAKASAKI1991 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 673-677
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSProtective effect of urinastatin on ischemic renal injury in rabbits was investigated by urinary enzymes and renal function tests. Ten rabbits were divided into two groups: the control group and urinastatin group administered 50, 000 units/kg of urinastatin. The ischemic renal injury model was made by occluding the left renal artery for 60 minutes. Urinary excretions of N-acetyl-β-Dglucosaminidase (NAG) and .A-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP) (U-NAG and U-γ-GTP), creatinine clearance (Ccr), free water clearance (CH2O), fractinal excretion of sodium (FENA) and urine volume (UV) were measured before occlusion of the left renal artery and after reflow. There were no significant differences in the values before occlusion (baseline values) for U-NAG, U-γ-GTP, Ccr, CH2O, FENa, and UV between the two groups. U-NAG after reflow was increased in the two groups compared with baseline values, and the increase was significantly lower in the urinastatin group than control group. U-γ-GTP after reflow was also increased in the two groups compared with baseline values, but the change was not significant between the two groups. Ccr and CH2O after reflow were significantly decreased, and FENa and UV were increased in the two groups compared with baseline values. However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in these four parameters. These results suggest that urinastatin is effective for the protection of the kidney against ischemic damage, especially of the renal tubular cells.View full abstractDownload PDF (555K) -
MASAHIRO VEDA, MASAKO DEGUCHI, SHUHEI TAKEMURA, YOSHIHIRO KASAMATSU, K ...1991 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 679-684
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe expression of complement receptor type 1 (CR1) and type 3 (CR3) on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and generation of complement fragments, C3a, C5a, C4d, iC3b and Bb, were studied in patients during hemodialysis using cuprammonium rayon (Cu) membranes. Furthermore, the relation between the expression of CR1 and CR3 on PMNs from healthy donors and complement fragments was investigated. The expression of CR1 and CR3 on PMNs increased during hemodialysis. Plasma C3a, C5a and iC3b levels increased in the first 15 minutes and then decreased at 120 minutes of dialysis. But plasma Bb level remained high until the end of hemodialysis. Purified Bb had no effect on the expression of CR1 and CR3 on PMNs, but C5a augmented those expression in vitro. Nafamostat mesilate, an artificial proteinase inhibitor, inhibited augmentation of complement receptors on PMNs in concentration dependent fashion. C5a generated through the activation of complement was thought to take an important role in the increased expression of CR1 and CR3 on PMNs.View full abstractDownload PDF (641K) -
MASAAKI NAKANO, RYO KARASAWA, YASUSHI YOKOYAMA, HIAN IN, RYUICHI TAKAY ...1991 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 685-693
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe renal impairments were studied clinicopathologically in 57 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). Proteinuria, hematuria, azotemia and hypertension, used as markers for renal involvements, were observed in 3(5.3%), 4(7.0%), 2(3.5%) and 6 patients (10.5%) respectively, at the initial examination . Hypertension was increased 2.6 times at the last observation, although the incidence of other three markers have not changed during the follow-up period. Finally, 17 out of 57 patients (29.8) revealed more than one of these clinical markers throughout the study. The decrease of GFR (CThio) was noticed in 3 out of 36 cases (8.3%), however that of RPF(CPAH) in 11 of 36 patients (30.6%), including 5 without abnormal clinical markers. Histological studies were per formed in 12 patients. One showed crescentic glomerulonephritis, two membranous nephropathy, and the remaining 9 minor glomerular abnormalities. On the other hand, the vascular changes such as intimal proliferation of interlobular arteries were frequently observed. The frequency of pulmonaly involvements, skin ulcer and gastro-intestinal involvement in the patients with renal lesions were not significantly different from that of the non-renal group. The level of RPF was significantly lower in the patients with skin ulcer than that of those without skin ulcer. No significant difference was noticed in the frequency of renal involvements between the patients with or without anti -Scl-70 antibody.View full abstractDownload PDF (1186K) -
TOMOHITO TADA1991 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 695-701
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: March 01, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRenal biopsy specimens of 17 cases recovered from clinical acute renal failure (ARF) and subsequent pathological acute tubular necrosis (ATN) were analyzed clinicopathologically. The cases were divided into two groups: 11 patients who underwent hemodialysis (HD group) and 6 patients who did not need hemodialysis (non-HD group). The varied histopathological findings were assessed by scoring as parameters and were compared between the two groups and with severity of the clinical conditions as well. Among the histopathological parameters, tubulorrhexis and cell infiltration, mainly composed of lymphocytes, in the interstitium as well as in the tubvles (tubulittis) were significantly marked in the HD group, while other parameters such as necrosis, flattening, vacuolization and regeneration of the tubular epithelial cells and presence of casts were not necessarily significant. Tubulorrhexis were supposed to reflect the severity of the attack factors on the kidney which had caused ARF and subsequent ATN, and to have caused in turn prolongation of the recovery of the impaired renal function. Cell infiltration, which was divided into 4 types according to the corresponding conditions, might probably have affected the prolonged recovery in the HD group. In 8 cases which could be followed up for 2 years, non showed aggravation of the renal function.View full abstractDownload PDF (6472K) -
NORIO MATSUO, KOUGI YU, OSAMU HASEGAWA, MASAYUKI TAKASUGI, AKIO KUROIW ...1991 Volume 33 Issue 7 Pages 703-708
Published: 1991
Released on J-STAGE: July 05, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report a case of sarcoid granulomatous tubulointerstitial nephritis diagnosed by renal biopsy. A 60-year-old man presented with productive cough, and exertional dyspnea of 3 months duration. A chest X-ray film revealed diffuse reticulonodular infiltrates in both lung fields. A transbronchial lung biopsy specimen showed inflammation of the alveolar septum associated with non-caseating granulomas. The patient also had tubular proteinuria and glucosuria. Ga-scintigraphy demonstrated an abnormal accumulation of gallium in both lungs and kidneys. Renal function tests revealed tubular dysfunction. Tubulointerstitial nephropathy was suspected. A renal biopsy specimen exhibited bulointerstitial nephritis associated with numerous non-caseating granulomas, similar to the findings of the lung biopsy specimen. No glomerular abnormalities were evident. Later, a scalene node biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Prednisolone therapy yielded a favorable outcome for both the renal and pulmonary involvement. During the corticosteroid therapy, measurement of the urinary beta-2-microglobulin concentration proved a valuable monitoring tool for assessing the recovery of the tubular impairment.View full abstractDownload PDF (4965K)
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