In viewpoints of resource recycling, it is important to utilize bio-materials such as egg shell membranes which are usually discarded as dusts
Here we tried to develop novel materials based on their chemical adsorption of dye molecules
As a result, we succeeded the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells by using dye adsorbed egg shell membranes, and found that photodegradation
of organic dyes was effectively suppressed in the cell. 

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As a technique that can efficiently recover phosphorus from human waste, etc., in combination with phosphorus elution technique eluting phosphorus by alkaline solubilization process the excess sludge, and a high phosphorus recovery technology provided two-stage crystallization process, efficient phosphorus recovery system has been developed.In combination with laboratory test results phosphorus elution technique using a membrane permeate production facility performs tests of high phosphorus recovery, with the excess sludge of the real property, were examined effects of introducing the entire system.It was found that as compared with conventional HAP, phosphorus recovery amount is greatly increased, amount of sludge can be substantially reduced.

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Eutrofication is caused by phosphorus and phosphorus is exhaustible element. It has to removal and recovery of phosphorus for environmental and industrial problems. Schwertmannite is stable at low pH condition and promising material as remover of toxic anionic species. It has been reported that arsenate and phosphate are removed by schwertmannite. It is difficult to separate minimalized adsorbent from liquid phase, but the adsorption performance of minimalized adsorbent is high. In this study, we synthesize magnetic schwertmannite, which is magnetite-schwertmannite complex. Magnetic schwertmannite contains 20-25mass% magnetite and have more magnetism than schwertmannite. we examined the adsorption performance of magnetic schwertmannite. Phosphate adsorption on magnetic schwertmannite is 71% of schwertmannite at pH2.5. But phosphate adsorption on magnetic schwertmannite is higher than schwertmannite at pH9.

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Investigation of phosphorus recovering conditions from carbonized sewage sludge was carried out using sodium hydroxide. Carbonized sewage sludge was mixed with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, and treated at 120degree. After this treatment, phosphorus was extracted by a hot-water extraction processes and cooled to 5degree for crystallization of sodium phosphate. In order to concentrate the phosphorus in the extracted water, introduction of the low S/L ratio-extraction method was investigated. The phosphorus recovery rate was estimated to be about 63% to 70%. Recovered phosphorus was considered Na₃PO₄, from X-Ray analysis. NaOH remaining in the processes water was identified to be reused as alkali of phosphorus extraction.

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The phosphorus collection proof examination was done by using the medicine alkali liquid and the waste alkali from the sewage sludge incineration ash generated in the Iwate prefecture and the Kansai district by the ash alkali extraction method. As a result, it has been understood to be able to collect phosphorus enough even if phosphorus can be collected without inferiority compared with the case to use the medicine alkali liquid when the waste alkali is used, and the mode of processing of the sewage plant is different.

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under construction

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In order to solve the domestic food problem including a fertilizer supply and energy problem, we have investigated a phosphorus recycling system for supplying a phosphate material of battery electrode as well as producing a phosphate fertilizer by using the incinerated ash of sewage sludge with a high-phosphorus content. In present study, we have aimed to establish a new phosphorus recycling process from both the incinerated ash of sewage sludge and the plating sludge abandoned from the Parkerizing process as starting abandoned materials with a high-phosphate content. Furthermore, we have prepared the Olivine-type LiFePO₄ for a positive electrode material in Li-ion batteries using the FePO₄ samples obtained from the two recycling processes, and have examined a battery performance including a charge-discharge cycling characteristics of the laminated Li-ion batteries constructed from the sheet-type electrodes of the LiFePO₄ positive material. Thus, the possibility of recycling of the abandoned matters having a high-phosphate content has been demonstrated for supplying the phosphate electrode materials in Li-ion batteries through this investigation.

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Relationships between mass reduction, oxygen consumption and heat loss in composting process were examined. The experimental results showed that 1.8g of oxgen was consumed and 30KJ of heat was lost from compost material in accordance with 1g mass reduction as the result of aerobic organic material decomposition. The average heat loss, which means heat release from compost material, was approximately 17KJ with 1g oxygen consumption. This value well agreed with the reference value for general aerobic biological reaction. 

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 In this study, we examined supply and demand of liquid fertilizer produced from anaerobic digestion of biomass waste. Supply/demand ratio at the municipal level in Japan was estimated in two cases recycling biomass from livestock waste or municipal waste (sludge and kitchen garbage). As a result, the prefecture matching supply and demand of the fertilizer varied according to two cases.
 Collaboration of adjacent municipalities was an important factor for promote biomass recycling. Thus, the appropriate collaboration area was identified by the adjustment of supply and demand of liquid fertilizer. The effectiveness of the collaboration in Saga was evaluated quantitatively and visualized by Geographic Information System. This identification of appropriate collaboration area was expected as a method that local community realized a sound material-cycle society.

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A collaborative business between two companies is executed using residue from alcohol distillation process directly to hog raising in Kagoshima Prefecture.
After 8 years of operation from the beginning, we found that there are certain reasons for this continuation, and that there are some technical problems not become aware by the personel concerned. At the same time, a solution is suggested for usage of water contained food processing residue.

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The Aomori hiba is used by a building material, but scrap wood such as the sawdust occurs in a manufacturing process. An antibacterial active ingredient called hinokitiol is included in hiba oil made from the scrap wood, and I am used by a preservative or cosmetics. The purpose of this study makes use of antibacterial activity of this hinokitiol and is to use it to the hygiene products such as masks. I measured antibacterial activity when I attached hinokitiol to fiber by the hello method using Escherichia coli(K-12).The antibacterial processing performed in hinokitiol concentration of 50 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL, was used gauze, cotton, non-woven fabric the fibers. I did not show antimicrobial activity in any fiber in the 50 μg/mL concentration of the results. I showed antibacterial activity with gauze and cotton in the 100 μg/mL concentration, but did not show it with the nonwoven fabric. As for hinokitiol, there is difference in the antibacterial activity by the fiber, but it is thought that it is available to a hygiene product from these things.

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   The value of  Chemical Oxygen  Demand for the wastewater discharged from the purification process of BDF production was very high (ca.50,000 ppm) because the wastewater contained BDF. So it is not permitted to discharge the wastewater out. We have had a good result by that the wastewater was treated by a activated sladge after removing BDF from the wastewater. But it is important for cost down of BDF production to minimize the volume of the wastewater. In this study, the volume of water added to the purfication process and times of washing operation are discussed.
    Four times washing carried under the rate of volume of water added to crude BDF(BDF:water = 10:2) was recomeded. And using absorbance or erectrical conductivity was also recomended as an indicator for degree of refining.
  

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We have established an actual UASB treatment plant for high salinity and high alkalinity soapery wastewater. The capacity is 43 m3/d. We are operating only weekday and stop operation in weekend. The treatment of 205m3 of soapery wastewate including 121 g/l of COD resulted the generation of 10577 m3 of biogas including 76.2 % of methane. In the acid farmentation tank, pH got over 7 and hydrochloric acid was injected. The amount of hydrochloric acid was considerably larger than that of our laboratory experiments. The amount of hydrochloric acid decreased after the continuous operation of weekend.

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