Liquids confined in nanometer-sized gap width have characteristic viscoelastic properties. In our previous study, we have developed highly-sensitive shear force measuring method, which we called the "fiber wobbling method (FWM)", and revealed that liquid polymers exhibit enhanced viscoelasticity when they are sheared. Although mechanisms to explain these phenomena must involve molecular orientation confined in the gap, details are not clarified. In this study, we succeeded in simultaneously measuring viscoelasticity and molecular orientation of confined liquid crystal using FWM combined with birefringence measurement. Our experimental results showed that the relationship between nanometer-sized gap widths and viscoelasticity strongly depends on the molecular orientation.

抄録全体を表示

Recent advances in ultra-fine processing technologies are remarkable. Such as micro machine or magnetic storage device, devices can be smaller and the performance is far advanced. Frictional, capillary and viscous forces are among the most influencing factors in this field of application. In the presence of liquid film, droplet or condensed water from humid air on a surface, a liquid meniscus bridge can be formed between two bodies. The liquid bridge causes a strong interaction heavily influences the operation of micro/nano devices. In this study, we focused on the lateral component of capillarity. The deformation process of the bridge was observed experimentally. And the lateral component of capillary force acting on a body was measured as frictional force. Results shows that an interfacial slip have an important role on the lateral component of capillary force.

抄録全体を表示

The effect of texturing on the fluid pressure of rarefied gas flow between narrow gap, where the gas cannot be treated as continuum fluid even at atmospheric pressure, was investigated. 1-dimensional MGL calculation was conducted for calculating such rarefied gas flows bounded by textured surface. It was confirmed that the same results previously reported with DSMC calculation is properly reproduced by the MGL calculation employing periodic boundary condition and the assumption of mass conservation in a simulated region.

抄録全体を表示

In the case of oil lubrication with low sliding speed under high load, the hydrodynamic lubrication barely occurs, causing the slid contacts between mating surfaces. This increases the friction and the wear of the sliding surfaces. To protect the surfaces in such severe conditions, carbonaceous hard coatings such as diamondlike carbon (DLC) or carbon nitride (CNx) coatings is well-known with their low friction and anti-wear properties. However, it is also known that those coatings are severely damaged due to the small particles generated by wear. Therefore, we proposed the CNx coatings with microgrooves to reject those wear debris. In this paper, we discussed the effect of microgrooves on the friction properties of CNx coating under oil lubrication with small particles.

抄録全体を表示

The low friction coefficient of carbonaceous coatings under lubrication condition are desirable for industrial fields, however, these coatings, especially hydrogenated Diamond-Like Carbon (a-C:H), do not show low friction coefficient. In this study, the ultraviolet light irradiation method to obtain low friction property for carbonaceous coating was discussed. The a-C (hydrogen free DLC) did not show any UV effect for low friction property. On the other hand, a-C:H and CNx (Carbon Nitride) coatings showed lower friction coefficient rather than no-UV irradiation condition.

抄録全体を表示

It is important to increase the sliding speed in friction force microscopy (FFM). Although dual-axis probes for FFM can provide the accurate quantification of the tribological properties, it is difficult to increase the sliding speed. In this paper, using micromachining techniques, a dual-axis probe with an electrostatic actuator is presented. This dual axis probe, called micromechanical probe, consists of double cantilever and torsion beams for the detection of lateral and normal forces, respectively. The micro-drive part fabricated by anisotropic chemical etching were combined with the probe. The fine alignment was achieved by fabricating micro convex and concave structures on the microelectrode and probe parts, respectively. The micromechanical probe with an electrostatic actuator can provide the accurate quantification of the tribological properties under high speed sliding conditions.

抄録全体を表示

The advantage of the magnetic actuator using the magnetic suck power is to move by noncontact, and to move by a low voltage. Therefore, it is used for MEMS with an electrostatic actuator and the piezo actuator. The actuator adopted a round diaphragm. And, the magnetic substance was formed as a thin film by using the vacuum evaporation method. The magnetic suck power is generated by adding the voltage to an electromagnetic coil and giving the magnetic field, and the diaphragm moves. Oppositely, it returns to the origin by removing an additional voltage. The voltage added to an electromagnetic coil was assumed to be 20v, 40v, 60v, and 80v. And, the movement at that time was confirmed. Movement when the diameter of the diaphragm was assumed to be 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, and 6mm was similarly confirmed.

抄録全体を表示

We have developed and demonstrated a novel non-contact deformable mirror actuator for spherical aberration compensation. It consists primarily of two components: a mirror element and an electromagnet. A magnetic ring with low stiffness placed on a mirror deformed the mirror into an ideal parabolic shape by applying a magnetic force generated from an electromagnet underneath. We developed the fabrication process of the mirror element consisting of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate. Moreover, we fabricated and evaluated the performance of the deformable mirror that had an effective diameter of 4 mm. A maximum 6.5-μm mirror deformation could be achieved. Moreover, the focal length could be controlled from 1.8×10^<-3> m to 24 m by changing the applied current. These results show the deformable mirror actuator can compensate the spherical aberration for the four recording layers of an optical disc.

抄録全体を表示

In this study, we have developed metal-based MEMS scanner mirrors driven by PZT piezoelectric thin films not only to simplify fabrication process but also to improve fracture toughness of the micro-actuators. The 2 μm-thick PZT thin films were directly deposited on preliminarily microfabricated metal-based substrates of titanium or stainless steel by RF-magnetron sputtering. We could achieve a large mechanical angle tilt of 6.21° at high resonant frequency of 35.02 kHz by low application voltage of 10V_<p-p>. Use of microfabricated metal-based substrates for the PZT deposition enables simpler process and stronger toughness of scanner mirrors compared with the conventional Si-based ones.

抄録全体を表示

In this study, we evaluated properties of Vibrating-Body Field Effect Transistor (VB-FET), which integrated MOSFET into MEMS oscillator, taking into account electro-mechanical interaction between gate and channel. Our modeling was started to express VB-FET as an equivalent circuit and then derived Lagrange's function and dissipation function of VB-FET from the equivalent circuit. From the modeling we calculated a transconductance and an output resistance of Coupled VB-FET and found that the value of the transconductance peak is increased up to 6 times and the output resistance of VB-FET is reduced by half at the resonance frequency. As described here, VB-FET has unique properties which offer new class of functions in MEMS.

抄録全体を表示

Recently, micro/nano fabrication techniques are applied to bio-assay for detailed biochemical analysis. For example, studies about single molecule enzymology by femtoliter PDMS chambers and real-time imaging of single molecule fluorescence in quartz nano wells are reported. But, these conventional devices for nano-bio assays have difficulties in perfusing solutions in nano structures, so we developed a simple fabrication process of sub-microchannel and microchannel by integrating nanoimprint lithography and UV lithography. The fabricated device consists of sub-microchannel array and two microchannels. These microchannels are used as inlet or outlet of sub-microchannel to deliver solutions. We achieved water injection and solution exchange in 2-μm channels. Water injection pressure was 100 kPa for 1-μm channels and 120 kPa for 2-μm channnels.

抄録全体を表示

Recently, polymer MEMS has attracted considerable attention. In particular, control of film thickness is one of major problems for application of thick resist. In this study, we evaluated a spray coating method which can be controlled by a number of process parameters for coating thick resist. Smoothness and uniformity of the coating film and thickness reproducibility were examined in various coating conditions. Moreover, edge bead caused by surface tension of thick film was reduced by a spray coating method with a cover to the edge.

抄録全体を表示

Solar power generation is a clean energy source that does not emit carbon dioxide. Because solar panels of the generation system are set in the open air, dust deposited on solar panels reduces the output power. To overcome this issue we are developing an electrostatic cleaning system that utilizes a AC electrostatic field, and investigating the relationship between the removal efficiency and applied voltage, environmental conditions and the amount of dust. It has been demonstrated that this system can remove 88% of dust on solar panels and recover up to 63% of power after cleaning operation.

抄録全体を表示

The microactuator that makes electrostatic energy/force collaborate with the elastic energy/force has been proposed. It has the non-liner spring that was designed to work effectively and the vertical electrode that moves parallel to the substrate. We propose the novel microactuator that has the vertically movable electrode to generate more powerful electrostatic energy/force. It is necessary to determine the concept of vertically movable non-linear leaf spring to make the microactuator highly effective. In this paper, the concept of non-linear leaf spring is proposed and is proved its characteristic by using the FEM analysis.

抄録全体を表示

We propose a method to evaluate the effect of process damage on microcantilever surfaces, introduced by processes such as plasma etching, on their mechanical properties. Using this method, we can compare the mechanical properties before and after etching even if the process changes the microcantilever thickness. Defects at the microcantilever surface affect the quality (Q) factor of the micro cantilever, but the Q factor cannot be used as an indicator to evaluate process damage because it also depends on the microcantilever thickness. On the basis of theoretical considerations, we propose using Q/f (f: resonance frequency) as an indicator because both Q and f are proportional to the thickness for very thin microcantilevers. We verified our method experimentally by etching microcantilever surfaces using conventional plasma etching and neutral beam etching, which can etch silicon without damage. As a result, the Q/f value markedly decreased after plasma etching but stayed nearly the same after neutral beam etching.

抄録全体を表示

A programming method for a network-distributed controller has been developed. The controller consists of one master controller and multiple slave controllers. Various sensors and actuators are directly connected to the slave controllers, which are in turn connected to the master controller via a field network. We developed the programming method in order to reduce latency from signal inputs to the corresponding reactions. In the proposed method, a control program specifies latency in each state of the control sequence, and any part of the program that requires low latency is automatically separated from the program and executed by one slave controller via slave-to-slave communication.

抄録全体を表示

An auto-configuration method of a real-time network for a distributed controller has been developed in order to reduce user workload in setting identification data (ID) of each slave module included in the controller. This paper presents a tree-topology network via point-to-point connections that is designed to increase the flexibility of the network configuration when applied to high-performance robotic systems. Also presented is an auto-configuration method for ID setting that uses routing data in the tree-topology network. This auto-configuration method has been implemented in field programmable gate array (FPGA) devices of our controller hardware, i.e., master modules and slave modules, in order to realize the auto-configuration function in real systems.

抄録全体を表示

This paper presents an algorithm to judge multiple statuses of distribution equipment from continuous vibration measurement. The algorism finds the acceleration threshold of moving and staying statuses as cluster boundaries of acceleration level distributions. In the method, first the measured acceleration data are divided into multiple clusters using tentative boundaries. Then acceleration data are re-classified as one of clusters using k-nearest neighbor algorithm and Mahalanobis distances. Validity of the method is confirmed by the simulation with simply distributed samples and by an experiment with measured acceleration data of an automobile. For the case of overlapped boundaries, which is caused by inappropriate numbers of tentative boundaries, the algorism to find appropriate cluster number is proposed and confirmed by the simulation and measured acceleration data.

抄録全体を表示

As health symptoms change over time, it is difficult for individuals to maintain use of their equipment and computer applications. We focused on the movement of the mouse and pointer to design a system that adjusts the speed of the pointer movement. This system automatically supplements the user interface of the personal computer. For test purposes, we asked a physically-challenged person to evaluate this system and were able to show significant results.

抄録全体を表示

In the upper-limb power-assist exoskeleton robot, one of the most important things for the robot is assisting the joint motion of the user. Specifically, the robot needs to move according to the user's motion intention so that the user can use the robot without the sense of discomfort. EMG signal based impedance control has been proposed for the 7DOF upper-limb power-assist exoskeleton robot to control the robot according to the user's motion intention. In the controller, the 6-dimensional hand force vector calculated from EMG signals is realized with the impedance control in real time. Although Jacobian matrix is used in the controller, it is a singular matrix because the robot has a redundancy, so the pseudo-inverse matrix is used in the controller. In this paper, the torque optimization method with the pseudo-inverse matrix for an upper-limb power-assist robot is discussed. The effectiveness of the proposed method was evaluated by the experiments.

抄録全体を表示

An essential tremor is one of the undesired involuntary motions. If the essential tremor occurs in the arm, the person may not be able to achieve the target task properly because the human performs various sensitive tasks with certain tools. In a power-assist robot which is activated based on electromyogram (EMG) signals, the EMG signals are used to estimate the user's motion intention. Since the EMG signal reflects the muscle activity level, the EMG signal is generated not only when a voluntary motion occurs but also when an essential tremor occurs. Therefore, the essential tremor might be misunderstood as the user's motion intention in the EMG-based power-assist robot. In this paper, a tremor suppression control method with an upper-limb power-assist robot is proposed. In the proposed method, the vibrations of the hand and the tip of the tool are suppressed. The validity of the proposed method was verified by the experiments.

抄録全体を表示

In the case of some physically weak persons such as elderly persons, the environment perception ability is sometimes deteriorated also. To assist the daily living motion of those people, the power-assist robots with the perception-assist have been developed. The power-assist robot with the perception-assist assists not only the user's intended motion but also the user's interaction with an environment, by applying the modification force to the user's motion if it is necessary. In the lower-limb's motion, the walking is the very important motion for a person in order to achieve some actions by oneself. Since the elderly persons might fall down because of the decline in physical performance, stairs-ascending/descending assist for a lower-limb power-assist robot is proposed to prevent the user from falling down.

抄録全体を表示

We have tried to develop and to propose a support system for studying the human anatomy with VR (Virtual Reality) techniques. The medical students can intuitively study the body actions by observing the human body models shown by 3-D display: the displayed body actions synchronize with the actions captured by a motion capture system. Moreover, any bones and internal organs that the students want to see can be detached from the human body model and be observed freely. Thus, we aim at developing the system that supports effectively learning the human anatomy by implementing operations to disassemble and assemble 3D models.

抄録全体を表示

This paper addresses a human skill evaluation technique with human input command decision characteristics during a mobile object operation. The characteristics is how long past of tracking error information is utilized to decide the operation command. This evaluation is achieved by a novel human model with multiple neural networks which have different time series of input signals. Then, by the prediction errors from the neural networks, which time series is dominant to decide operation command can be estimated. In this paper, target tracking tasks in 2D CG environment are experimented. A main goal of the task is to operate the mobile target by joystick operation to keep approaching a reference target behaving randomly. Finally, by analysis for distribution the neural networks prediction errors, the operator's skill is evaluated and verify the technique with conventional average of tracking errors during the task.

抄録全体を表示

Industrial products make various sounds, and the sounds cause people comfortable or uncomfortable. In our study, we measure the brain activation response using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and quantify senses of discomfort about the sounds. In this paper, we describe the measurement of the brain activation response using NIRS when the subjects listen to familiar tunes and sounds of sine wave. The results show that the oxy-Hb in the frontal cortex declined when the subjects listened familiar tunes. The results also indicate that the oxy-Hb of the temporal cortex increased in the left hemisphere or right hemisphere.

抄録全体を表示

The aim of this study is to develop coaching methods for playing a cello by use of sound information. For this purpose, we measured and analyzed the cello sounds both of beginner and professional firstly. As a result, we indicated that the difference of both sounds was form of harmonics. And, we evaluated the degree of difference of both sounds by correlation coefficients etc. Next, we measured both pushing force of string and acceleration of bow of the cello. The differences were recognized among beginner with professional in both force and acceleration. Based on a force-waveform of professional we made the acoustic information in an attempt to improve cello playing skill of beginner.

抄録全体を表示

This paper presents the new warning method to increase the driver's sensitivity for recognizing hazardous factors in the driving environment. By performing some experiments to five to six subjects, the response time for detecting the mark that is shown suddenly tends to be decreased when the colored subliminal marks are shown up in advance. Some experimental results tell us the black, white and blue subliminal marks are available for guiding an attention to certain object with the stable response behavior.

抄録全体を表示

In the field of robotics, a tactile sensor and its data processing are very important to allow robots to perform handling objects. Especially, since some robots directly support human needs, they must sense tactile feeling caused by contact between their hand and a human. In the information processing done by biological organisms, stochastic resonance (SR) can enhance sensitivity by superimposing proper noise upon undetectable weak signals to detect the target signal. In the present research, We developed a system composed of an experimental apparatus and a computer program and we have performed a series of psychophysical experiments using the different types of stimulus. Results show that the tactile sensing precision is enhanced by appropriate noise and that characteristics of normal vibration SR are quite different from those with tangential vibration.

抄録全体を表示

In this paper we investigate several characteristics of one kind of tactile illusion, called Velvet Hand Illusion (VHI), that operates to tactile display for generating a relation between operator's fingertip motion and tactile display pad in virtual reality field. In continue, we investigate VHI mechanism base on these characteristics and express mechanoreceptive units are active because of VHI using stable and moving frames equipped two wires. Experimental results show that the strongest intensity of VHI is occurred when the wire spacing almost equals to the movement stroke and that VHI is presented through by SA I and SA II.

抄録全体を表示

A high rotational speed spindle motor for a high-performance hard disk drive (HDD) beyond the current high-end drives was investigated. If a high rotational speed is achieved, the I/O-performance of the drive is improved because of a shorter access time, although the power consumption increases. The major factors causing high power consumption are windage loss, motor loss, and ohmic loss of the electric circuit. The relationships between windage loss and motor loss with the rotational speed were estimated by dimensional analysis. The result indicated that a drive with a single 48mm disk achieved a rotational speed of 35,000 min^<-1> and power consumption equivalent to a current server HDD with the 3.5-inch form factor. Moreover, two types of prototype spindle motors were fabricated. They are equipped with fluid dynamic bearings of either oil or air, and can rotate a single 48mm disk at up to 35,000 min^<-1>. The power consumptions and vibration responses of the motors were measured. The experimental results agreed well with the estimations and showed that the vibration response gain of the oil bearing motor were smaller than that of the air bearing motor.

抄録全体を表示

In some hard disk drives (HDDs), the voice coil motor (VCM) has only a single-sided magnet in order to reduce the cost. In these HDDs, the bending vibration of the actuator coil at low frequency disturbs the positioning control of the magnetic head. We explain here that the cause of the bending vibration was due to the plane perpendicular to the pivot axis of the magnetic field in the outer coil with bending magnetic flux. We also propose a flux guide mounting that diverts the magnetic flux from the outer coil in order to reduce the coil bending excitation force.

抄録全体を表示

The dual stage servo system is a technology corresponding to the high density of hard disk drives (HDDs). The suspensions for a dual stage servo system have PZT actuators on themselves. Because the PZT on a suspension is ceramic, the possibility of damage due to shock or impact is feasible. The fracture strength of PZT was evaluated by experiment and FEM analysis. Using that values and the results of Non-Operation shock examination and FEM simulation, we have found that a dual-stage actuator has enough shockproof property to withstand a 1000G level shock.

抄録全体を表示

Dual stage actuator systems in Hard-Disk drives are used for high-capacity and high-speed seeking. This technology continuously controls dual actuators for the main positioner and for fine positioners in the dual stage servo system. Additionally, a current voice coil actuator is used for the main positioner and piezo actuators installed in the suspension are used for the fine positioner. The life span for an active piezo actuator effects the life span of HDD. In this report, we investigated the degradation factor of the piezo actuator then conducted the accelerated test with its factor. We also show the calculation method for the accelerated factor by Arrhenius equation and the life span prediction for the piezo under the operating conditions from the obtained data.

抄録全体を表示

Dual stage servo systems using VCM and PZT actuator have rapidly applied in commercial Hard Disk Drives after long time development stage. We measure mechanical frequency response of VCM and PZT actuator in commercial HDDs, we make whole dual stage servo model using by the measured mechanical characteristics. Using this model, we investigate the optimum design of total system, and will discuss the positioning accuracy improvement. We also show the stabilizing effect of PZT servo system.

抄録全体を表示

Rolling friction is known to behave as a nonlinear elastic element in the micro-displacement region. To improve the accuracy of positioning equipment, we propose a control method that takes characteristic variation of the mechanical system into account. The proposed method involves the use of a switchable controller and a phase-delay (LAG) filter that stabilizes the feedback system. By using model-based simulation, the controller is optimized to satisfy machine specifications. The simulation results show that the proposed control system has sufficient robustness in the nonlinear characteristics. Moreover, we applied the proposed control method to our motion control system and confirmed its effectiveness using actual stage equipment.

抄録全体を表示

Smart structures technology that uses piezoelectric element etc. is effective for the vibration control of small devices. However, for micro devices, it is difficult experimentally to measure and evaluate the vibration control characteristics of the system with control. Namely, it is not realistic to install an external exciter and to apply the excitation force with an impulse hammer. Therefore, in this study, the vibration property is measured and evaluated by using the noncontact excitation technology using laser ablation and the noncontact measurement with the Laser Doppler Vibrometer. Since both input excitation and output measurement are made without contact of apparatus and the excitation force has a high reproducibility in the present system, the efficiency and the reliability of the measurement can be improved.

抄録全体を表示

An objective lens actuator using parallelogram focusing coils for an optical pickup was developed. The focusing coils have two coil portions which are shifted to the inner and outer side of an opposing magnet in the tracking direction. This structure reduces the moment caused by the deviation of the generated driving forces in the focusing coils when the moving part is moved in the tracking direction. The moment generated in the parallelogram focusing coils is 70% less than with conventional rectangular focusing coils.

抄録全体を表示

A hybrid type spherical aberration correction mechanism used for multi-layer Blu-ray Disc (BD) optical pickup was developed. To shorten the time to switch recording layers, this mechanism has both an electromagnetic actuator and a screw feeding mechanism. The actuator achieves high-speed operation, and the screw feeding mechanism reduces power consumption by replacing the displacement of the electromagnetic actuator with the screw feeding mechanism. The experimental results showed that the time to switch recording layers was 2/3 or less than that of a conventional spherical aberration correction mechanism using only a screw feeding mechanism.

抄録全体を表示

To simplify a cooling design of slim-type BD optical pickup, we created a simple analysis model based on the thermal network method. This model can simulate a various situations by changing the thermal resistances. In our case, the separation of the heat dissipation path between the BD-LD and the step motor via the bottom cover was simulated. As a result, it is found that the BD-LD and the step motor can be simultaneously operated at the applicable temperature. Moreover, we measured the temperature of working sample and the results showed good agreement with the results calculated by our model.

抄録全体を表示

Liquid in container slops around by change of acceleration, so robot can't transfer liquid container as the rigid box. We suggest control method to transfer liquid container with liquid slop inhibit. Control inputs are horizontal and angular accelerations of container. When the ratio of water depth to container width is large, liquid flow is expressed linear equation of state model. We applied the control of Preshaping input to it. When it is small, liquid flow is expressed nonlinear equation of state model. We applied Receding Horizon control to it. On the other hand, we proposed a new method of trajectory generation to inhibit liquid slop. It is applicable to both deepand shallow case. We verified the efficacy of control by simulating with MPS method that was used incompressible fluid analysis. As a result, the most valuable method was the new method we proposed.

抄録全体を表示

Thin and flexible materials such as paper, optical film and metallic lamina are called web. In recent years, the market of optical film is increasing. Therefore, it is very important to improve productivity of web. The web is produced by Roll to Roll producing system. Today, engineers hope to prevent defect such as slippage and wrinkle under transport system. However, web is occurred wrinkles easily due to change more thin and wide. It is knowledge that using concave rollers with web spreading effect to prevent wrinkles. But, there are few papers written about spreading effect by concave rollers. So we researched web spreading effect by concave rollers. As a result, concave rollers are effectively web spreading and change of roller's shape affect spreading effect.

抄録全体を表示

Plastic films are produced on roll to roll systems. The film products are wound in the shape of a roll for the sake of store and transportation. As environmental temperature changes during the store or transportation, internal stress of wound roll will be changed over time. If the internal stress of a wound roll is sufficiently altered, defects such as slippage or wrinkling are generated. This paper describes optimization method of winding tension for preventing the wound roll defects under unstable environmental temperature based on the optimum design technique which is published by Hashimoto. In the analysis of unsteady thermal stress, the calculations are carried out by simultaneous equations that variables are heat conduction and radial stress. As a result, the optimized tension provides very much improvement of in-roll stress distribution for preventing defects under several temperature environments.

抄録全体を表示

Long flexible materials such as plastic film are called web, which are made by Roll to Roll producing system. In this producing method web is often wound in the shape of roll to ease handling and storage after coating. However, if environmental temperature changes during storage or handling, wound roll defects which lead to the function degradation could occur. Wound roll defects are influenced by thermo-viscoelasticity of web. This paper presents thermo-viscoelasticity characterization of wound roll by tensile creep test and compressive creep test. From experimental result, it is confirmed that creep compliance in circumferential direction is dependent on temperature and circumferential stress. On the other hand, creep compliance in radial direction is strongly influenced by radial stress, but it is lightly affected by temperature.

抄録全体を表示

Plastic film is often stored or transported as a wound roll, and it is placed in a different ambient temperature when it wound. Then the in-roll stress will vary with roll temperature change and the time due to thermo-viscoelastic property of the film. As a result, it could lead wound roll defect such as slippage or wrinkling. For the problem, it is extremely important to theoretically estimate the stress. In this study, a winding model for prediction of the stress, considering thermo-viscoelasticity and creep compliance subjected to the roll temperature and the stress changes is presented and experimentally verified. Prediction expressions of the creep compliance are applied on the winding model, which are experimentally determined by applying generalized Voigt mode using a polypropylene film.

抄録全体を表示

Collision noise of a sheet with guides in sheet-handling mechanism is getting louder with the higher sheet feeding speed in printers or copy machines. In order to design silent sheet-handling mechanism efficiently, it is necessary to predict and evaluate these collision noises analytically. Therefore as the first step in analytical approach of the dynamic behavior of a sheet near guides, Absolute Nodal Coordinate method which consider Rayleigh damping and fluid drag between flexible media - guide was proposed to analyze dynamic behavior of sheets. Then, effectiveness was validated by comparing with the result of experiment. The comparison of ANC method and multi link model analysis as a conventional analytical method was conducted and the result also showed high accuracy of ANC method.

抄録全体を表示

One of the causes of feeding problems in using paper-handling machines such as printers and copy machines is the curl of paper. In developing process of a new paper handling machines without many experiments the curl of paper cannot be prevented because the causes of the curl of paper have not been theoretically figure out yet. In this study, the curl of paper was observed using two experimental devices. One has a set of a heat roller and a steel roller, the other has a set of a heat plate and a back up plate. Based on the observations, the differences of the permanent strain and the degree of swelling of fiber on each side of paper were found newly as the causes of the curl of paper. Finally, mathematical models of the mechanisms of the curl of paper were proposed, and the availabilities of the models were verified by comparing the analytical results with the experimental ones.

抄録全体を表示

In recent years, a large number of studies have focused on micro-robots. Moreover, yearly contests have been held in order to develop micro-robot technologies. As a result of these activities, various types of micro-robot have been proposed, including motor-type, piezoelectric-element-type, and electromagnet-type micro-robots. The present study considers a moving mechanism of and a control method for an electromagnet-type micro-robot that can not only run in a straight line but can also turn with only one electromagnet coil using the difference of natural frequencies of the right leg and left leg. In the present paper, the characteristics of the motion of the micro-robot turning on a horizontal plane are investigated through some experiments.

抄録全体を表示

This paper describes a fabrication of SPR(Surface Plasmon Resonance) chip with micro structures by an imprint technology. We developed the SPR chip with the filter effect by the micro structures whose height are more than the sensing area in SPR sensing. We fabricated the SPR chip with the filter effect by using the imprint technology. We evaluated the characteristics of the chip, then confirmed the feasibility of the low cost filter chip.

抄録全体を表示