Journal of Construction Management, JSCE
Online ISSN : 1884-8311
ISSN-L : 1884-8311
Volume 4
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
  • Masakatsu Itoh, Shin-ei Takano, Keiichi Satoh
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 1-10
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this study, in-house engineering of public construction works (PIEG) was viewed as a creative activity through integration of technical information, and its system was analyzed. As a result, it was found that the entire system has the structure in which individual works can be achieved by incorporating technical information, such as “technical standards” and “estimated data” into the tool which implements operations including “technical verification, ”budgeting, “placement of orders with outside suppliers” and “formations of agreement”
    The role of in-house engineers for public works is to integrate technical information to promote the public interest. Highly efficient and objective PIEG requires prositive approaches to system standardization and sharing of technical information, such as establishment of CALS related to construction.
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  • Tamami YAMAGATA, Masahiko KUNISHIMA, Tsunemi WATANABE
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 11-20
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Through the investigation of contract system of public works in Japan by book reviews and interviews, the system is evaluated from the view point of the satisfaction of each player. On the basis of this evaluation, some recommendations for better system have been proposed.
    The results of the degree of satisfaction of each player are as follows: owners 69%, construction consultant companies 11%, general constructors-18% and sub-constructors-56%.
    This result seems that the present contract system is one-sided system. Through this evaluation, a better contract system can be envisaged in which the degree of satisfaction is both high and equal. In order to realize this situation, some recommendations are proposed for owners, construction consultant companies, general constructors and sub-constructors.
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  • Toshikazu SHIMAZAKI
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 21-28
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In early 1990s, there happened many cases of “dangou”, or unfair trade on public works bidding. Due to both of these cases and the request from foreign countries for the opening of the construction market of Japan, an objective, transparent and competitive procedure of bidding and contract have been eagerly sought in Japan.“Action Plan for Improvement of Bidding and Contract Procedures in Public Works” was decided at the Cabinet in June, 1994, which proposes to give more severe penalty for the unfair trade, for example. Due to that it is very much difficult to obtain an objective data on unfair trade because of its nature, there have been few theoretical analysis on this subject. Supposing that thee “dangou” is a pure economic behavior, the paper analyzes the behavior using Game Theory.
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  • Takayuki MINATO
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 29-40
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Contractual incentives are a useful tool by which an owner intends to reduce costs primarily. The use of incentives for construction contracts in our country has just begun by the Ministry of Construction through the implementation of value engineering program in bidding. However, there is a lack of understanding on the incentive theory to adopt this tool effectively. Furthermore, there are needs to develop different approaches that are applicable to Japanese construction industry.
    This research focuses on indirect costs that may significantly affect contractor's profit under current estimating and contract practices in the industry. This paper first shows an example cost analysis using actual cost-control data of a contractor to discuss potential of indirect costs for cost reduction. Then, the ideas of using incentives as an inducement for contractors to perform efficient risk management are discussed to achieve owner's goals.
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  • In quest of new vision
    Osamu SATO, Takashi SAITO, Shigeo NISHIMURA, Shuji SAWAMURA
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 41-48
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
  • Kazuaki BABA, Toshikazu HIRUMA, Atsushi FUJINO
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 49-58
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Recently, Observational Construction System (OCS) is thought to be one of the most important technologies in the construction field. And it is applied to many civil construction sites these days. Especially in the construction site, such as the braced excavation using an earth-retaining wall with a depth of 15 meters or the tunnel project by NATM could not have been complete it without OCS. And it is used in new construction site s, such as the sites of soft ground or the sites of underground excavation, and so on.
    In these 20 years OCS was dramatically developed. That is mainly because of the great progress of computer hardware, software, information-technology, communicationtechnology, and so on. Such kind of technologies made it possible to use OCS easily and effectively. However, there are several tasks that have not been solved yet. This paper first reported how OCS is applied actually and evaluated some basic technologies used in OCS.Secondly represent some tasks and the solutions which OCS have on its own, and finally indicate desirable future of OCS.
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  • Ken-ichi FUJINO, Tadashi YOSHIDA, Tatsuya HATTORI, Shizuo KANEKO, Ippe ...
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 59-68
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A wide range of information is used on construction sites to control execution, quality, labor, safety and health, and so on in accordance with the provisions of numerous laws and regulations. As a consequence of the complexity of the sub-contracting structure in the construction industry and the way in which work is divided among its various sectors, safety and health management are carried out through complex procedures, making it difficult to improve and computerize the processes required to perform this aspect of construction management.
    This report describes an analysis of construction site worker safety and health management system by IDEFO, an analytical method which represents the flow of data and control mechanis ms, and based on the results of this trial analysis, verifies the suitability of IDEFO and identifies problems with the method. Then based on the facts revealed by the results of this analysis of the method, the report clarifies its special features and important points and describes themes to be studied and key points to be resolved in order to achieve progress in thec omputerization of worker safety and health management.
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  • Takayuki OKANO, Shigeo HANAYASU, Masahiko KUNISHIMA
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 69-76
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The dangerous work environment in construction site than in other industries is an important problem to be improved. The limits of existing safety measures should be recognized and new ones should be introduced.
    For increasing safety awareness of workers through education, training and monitoring of working standard, a software that visualizes Construction Site activities by using Computer Graphics has been developed. It enables us to walk around a virtual scaffold and to experience accidents like falling and collision. The authors are still doing researches on more realistic visualization by analyzing the data of actual labor accidents
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  • Mamoru HARUNA, Akira KITAZUMI, Zenichi Igarashi, Susumu NAMERIKAWA, Ma ...
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 77-90
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper a concept and a method for establishing safety control system effectively for tunnel construction management are discussed through analysis of several types of questionnaires about various managemental characteristics which are implemented to chief engineers of public clients and contructors who are engaged in on-site constructions.
    Through these discussions effective concept and desirable direction to establish safety control system belonging to tunnel construction management system are proposed systematically in this paper.
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  • Kazunori Takasawa, Ken Koyama
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 91-98
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Life cycle cost of structure is optimized based on the principles of expected total cost minimum. The optimum second moment safety index is derived from that principle and the expected minimum cost of prospective structure is estimated by proposed method. Structures are going to deteriorate during the service term. The type of deterioration seems generally neither established clearly nor evaluated exactly. In this study, therefore, fractal type deterioration function is applied to obtain the optimum safety index.
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  • Mamoru HARIINA, Susumu NAMERIKAWA
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 99-112
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this study, mathematical method is developed for analizing network structural characteristics of network model for construction project. Applying this method, route structure and cut structure can be analyzed systematically through matrix calculation based on the theory of graph and network, and a concept of “Cut-Network” in which original network for construction planning is converted topologically from job-sequence structure into cut-sequence structure is reducted theoretically utilizing-results of these analyses. Moreover, fruits of these studies are introduced to formulate several optimal scheduling models for large-scale construction project such as PERT/TIME, PERT/ESTIMATES and CPM.
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  • Cost Control by Construction Budget Classification Code
    Kenichi Maeda, Youichi Utadu
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 113-122
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The decrease of the total cost from the design to construction and the maintenance control is strongly requested in the construction industry in recent years.
    Moreover, in accordance with the reformation of the tender and the contract system and internationalization of construction market, it is expected that the decrease of construction cost will become one of most important problems to be solved.
    On the other hand, progress of information communication industry is marvelous and these information communication technology is indispensable in the construction industry for the efficiency improvement of the production system. This report describes the theory of new cost control (introducion of “construction budget classification code”), paying attention to consistency and sharing of the data, which aims at the decrease of the cost and its systematization and construction as for the cost control in the production system.
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  • Kaoru WADA, Koshi YAMAMOTO
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 123-130
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A management of surplus soil come out from construction works in urban area becomes a serious social problem to be settled. So after this, effective use of surplus soil must be examined because some of them can be recycled as refill material after chemical treatment. However, distribution of surplus soil for recycle is more complicated than general soil distribution within earth work sites. This paper proposes a comprehensive recycle planning system of surplus soil including cutting sites, banking sites, treatment centers and stockyards, and make it clear that an optimal plan to minimize total recycle cost can be obtained by Linear Programming.
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  • Nobuo ISOME, Keiji SEKIGUCHI
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 131-142
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The development of the underground space to the present is mainly aimed at the permanent facilities with the specific function and the purpose. However, in the future it will need to construct flexible and multipurpose underground space. This study describes the development method of the multipurpose underground platform and bulk from the view point of civil engineer
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  • Mamoru HARUNAM, Mikio TAKEBAYASHI, Koh UEYAMA, Kenji YASUMOTO, Daigo T ...
    1996 Volume 4 Pages 143-156
    Published: November 30, 1996
    Released on J-STAGE: June 04, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper a methological study on proposal presentation is discussed through the case study of Land development project planning problem at local area in Kameoka-city of Kytoprefecture, in which agricultual industry development and urban facility development are discussed and planned to promote regional activation policy.
    For ataining desirable project planning a developing concept is designed through analysis of social needs and requests from people who have strong relations to this area at first stage, and at next following stage desirable design of land developing project is tried to obtain through CAD simulation study.
    At final stage feasibility of project are disccussed focassing on construction cost and integrated evalution of various project effests in order to obtain the most desinable project plan and in order to make-up a proposal to the land development project plan.
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