An iterative solution method using the Lagrangian decomposition and coordination method has already been proposed for amulti-item single-machine dynamic lot size scheduling problem.However, reducing the computation time until the solution converges has become a practical problem. In order to resolve this problem, parallelization has been attempted in models that extend the problem to multi-stage processes,but the nature of the time required forsolution convergence with data froma single-machine (single-process)has not been clarified so far. In this study,we conducted numerical experiments using OpenMP parallelization with single-machine data and varying the number of threads.As a result, we obtained the same results as in the case of sequential processing,and also found that we could obtain the data approximately twice to less than four times faster depending on the number of threads in the parallel processing.Furthermore,by introducing a quadratic overhead term into Amdahl's law,we estimated the limit curve of computational performance by polynomial approximation and clarified its properties of the parallelization. These results suggest that it is expected to improve operational efficiency in production planning operations.

　Digital Transformation (DX) is attracting attention as an effective way to reform business by making full use of new technologies such as data analysis, AI (especially deep learning), and IoT. However, DX has not become effective and has not been adopted widely due to a lack of information that properly expresses facts and difficulties integrating with mission-critical information systems. The Japanese manufacturing industry has lost its vitality due to the rigidity of its production information system. This paper describes the reform of the production information system to capture information that clearly expresses facts and the DX of the manufacturing management system in the direction of mass customization.

　Support of the software represented by R/3 of SAP Company will end one after another in 2025, and moreover, in support for the system obscured by Legacy System，there is a problem that retirement of IT technicians will cause difficulties in the correspondence to modification, repair, operation and maintenance of the system. Without solving this problem, there is a possibility that the economic loss may reach at most 12 trillion yen per year after 2025 and it is also called "cliff in 2025". DX is being promoted to respond to this problem in local governments, but those local governments with a strong analog tendency have difficulty in dealing with the problem. To grasp its current situation, a survey was conducted to the local governments promoting advanced DX in the form of a questionnaire and an online interview. The purpose of this research is to grasp the current situation and to clarify promotion method of DX in the future based on the results of the survey and materials for promoting local governments presented by the Japanese government.

　In previous research on new product development, it was thought that it was important to understand customer needs in order to produce results. In this paper, we focused on the process of reflecting customer needs in the results of new product development. Focusing on the technical characteristics of QFD (quality function deployment) research, we are discussing the product design process that reflects customer needs in technical characteristics and leads to the results of new product development. However, QFD research argues that there are problems in reflecting customer needs in technical characteristics and it is difficult to reflect them. Therefore, this paper conducts an exploratory survey of the product design process of primary auto parts manufacturers and attempts to clarify the market reality by focusing on the viewpoint of technical capabilities. From this survey, it could be confirmed that the product design process is composed of three types to be reflected in the results of new product development and the production technology has an influence on reflecting customer needs in the results of new product development.

　It has been thought that slim type of people is a lower risk of disease than obesity, and it has caused the lack of research on slimming. However, in recent years, it has been pointed out that slimming can cause cancer, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, etc., and has the same health risks as obesity． Compared to obesity studies, there is overwhelmingly less knowledge about physical ability (physique and athletic ability) of slim type of people. Therefore, if the physical ability assessment of slimming can be clarified, the health risk of slimming people can be reduced. This study attempted to standardize the evaluation of span over time by utilizing the measurement results of the physique and motor ability of university students obtained in a large-scale survey over a nine-year period. By constructing a standardized chart, we evaluate the physical ability of slim type of people over time and disseminate recommendations for avoiding health risks of them．

　Management education using business games that simulate management decision-making is being offered at various institutions of higher education.We have developed the "HC-19/HC-19(J)"simulators, which allows students(players) to experience restaurant management decision-making under the assumption of a post-2020 Corona crisis. Furthermore, this simulator allows the players to learn by comparing the decision-making process of other restaurants in situations different from their own. This paper discusses the significance and problems of management education using our management simulators.

　In this research, we will focus on Japanese school uniform manufacturing companies in Okayama Prefecture, which have a history of more than 100 years and occupies a large market share in Japan. The characteristics of the school uniform market, the superiority of the management resources and business model of the company are analyzed to explore the possibility of sustainable growth by taking its advantage.

　This dissertation is an example of engineering education in the liberal arts course of the University of Science and Technology. There are important things in the education of engineers in liberal arts. It is to think about how to utilize the many knowledge and skills that students have learned in the specialized course after graduation. There is something important for students. It is about predicting changes in social conditions and where the knowledge and skills learned in specialized courses can be put to good use. Therefore, when considering career design, it is important for students to consider the ideal situation of society and themselves in 1 to 10 years from now. This paper shows the results and effectiveness of the engineering education courses in the liberal arts courses of the University of Science and Technology. At the same time, the goals, lesson structure, lesson contents, and implementation methods for educational subjects are also shown.

　Since the age of classical economics, the environment has been developed little by little. The water and air necessary for life were freely available. However, with the changes in the environment, this is no longer enough. Water and air reciprocate and are easily affected by climate change and living activities. Regardless of the order of causality, water and air bring about climate change, altering lives and production activities.

　According to classical economics, wealth is necessary to purchase water that can be obtained free of charge, and this creates a gap between rich and poor. A small amount and a large amount of both freshwater and seawater have a great impact on our lives.

　Here is a report of our attempt at the "valuation of water". The report is, in fact, nothing but the result of the Polluter-Pays Principle.

　In Part1, I wrote a shortessay on howto viewthe value of"water".Airisoften mentioned asa target of globalwarming,butbefore that,we willdiscussairrisk management.There are paid and free watersupplies,butairisbasically free.Because itisfree ofcharge,the difference between both benefits and risksmay be large.

The air has a profound effect not only on air pollution but also on global warming. Modern earthlings need to build a recycling-oriented society and economy. For this purpose, it is desirable to improve overall productivity.

　COVID-19, which was regarded as a transient catastrophe, has continued for nearly three years since its onset in December 2019. Restaurants were forced to restrict business hours and alcoholic beverage services, and customers were asked to refrain from holding meetings and limiting the number of people attending. Small and medium-sized restaurants (SMEs), which support a wide variety of eating out cultures, are still particularly affected. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to grasp the current situation of the impact of COVID-19 on the management of SMEs in the food service industry, and to consider management from the viewpoint of production management. In this paper, we conducted a questionnaire survey targeting the managers of SMEs in the food service industry and based on descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation of multiple-choice responses, we extracted and analyzed the characteristics of management measures against COVID-19. Based on the results, we considered the risk of inhibiting long-term and proactive production control activities due to dependence on passive measures, the expansion of functionality in production management to solve it, and the implementation of it. And we presented action guidelines such as promotion of digitization of production activities.

　We discuss a sensitivity analysis of a supply chain where the supplier sells a product to the retailer over the selling season. However, due to the initial inventory level at the retailer’s location, the supplier is unable to observe the retailer’s information. As a result, the supplier must obtain the retailer’s reports. The supplier-retailer event is followed by a Stackelberg game with asymmetric inventory information, in which the supplier at the top is the follower and the retailer at the bottom is the leader. The point of our formulation is the positive inventory assumption at the retailer’s location. In this paper, we investigate the impact of asymmetric inventory information on both parties and the entire supply chain under the wholesale contract.