While making [Products competitiveness] decomposed into the elements of products value as [Products competitiveness]=[Performance]x[Quality]x[Function]x[Cost]x[Delivery]x[Service] which are comprised in competitiveness of System LSI enterprise, the followings are clarified in its business transition. The most important INTEGRAL issue between the customer side (equipment manufacturers) and supply side (system LSI manufacturers) in analog age was "reduction of noise" which determines [Performance]x[Quality]. In digital age, however, the noise issue became the issue which should be mainly solved by the supply side, and the most important INTEGRAL issue between both has changed to realization of the [Function]. In this discussion, theoretical background of the noise analysis will be briefly introduced. After that, correspondence between function of products in customer side and structure of products in supply side will be analyzed and positioning in mutual architecture between both will be shown. This will contribute understanding of positioning transition from the analog age to the digital age in visual base by decomposition of [Products competitiveness]. Furthermore, it will be mentioned that development target of the supply side has been returned to INTEGRAL for [Performance]x[Function] including with [Cost] to create customer value. While these phenomena are shown on the architecture theory, management strategy of the system LSI enterprisew will be visualized.

　In recent years, an increasing number of corporations are employing a strategy of open innovation which brings about new value by collaboration of internal and external technologies and ideas. Some of them focus on specialized agents that precede open innovation. Such agents are expected to be utilized increasingly; however, there are not enough analyses or suggestions on roles and managements regarding such agents specialized in open innovation.

　In this paper, we analyze the agents specialized in open innovation and clarify their roles such as “building up trustful relations”, “providing solutions” and “persistent development of two-sided market”. In addition, we find that the requirements for practical use of mediators as “divide property the agents according to the size of projects or maturity of the technology that they are trying to explore”.

　This paper focuses on Engineer-to-order (ETO) manufacturing companies that need to provide customized products, such as machine tools and elevators.

　Usually, the production lead time is significantly longer than the customers’ expected deliverylead-time. Consequently, ETO companies have to prepare parts in advance (make-to-stock parts: MTS Parts) before receiving product specifications from customers. Because customer requirements varies largely, ETO companies are forced to prepare a large variety of parts for matching customers’ diverse requirements, which further lead to high parts inventory costs. Moreover, since the demand fluctuation of each product is large, demand fluctuation of each parts is larger because of the bullwhip effect. To decrease the safety stock inventory prepared for dealing with the demand fluctuation, in this paper, parts compatibility is focused on. Instead of using the fixed parts composition for each individual product, flexible parts compositions are considered in each planning period. By checking the functional relationships among specifications of products and parts, a large combination of parts composition candidate can be listed. For each candidate, progressive average used quantity of each part is calculated, and the candidate with the smallest difference in quantity is adopted. The effect of the proposal on decreasing parts demand fluctuation is testified and confirmed.

　The purpose of this paper is to explore the role of knowledge management and information systems achieved to practices of open innovation in Japanese firms and to discuss the relationship between open innovation practices and its performance. We performed exploratory analysis using the data from our original questionnaire survey conducted in 2014 with Japanese firms. The results suggest that the activities to facilitate open innovation are positively related to the knowledge management implementation. In addition, the choice of insourcing of information systems is not necessarily preferred even if they may play an important role in operating a core business. However, results also show that firms positively get active in the knowledge management implementation in that case. And finally implications of this study are discussed.

　The purpose of this research is to analyze a multi-stage production-inventory system with advance demand information (ADI). The system includes two demand classes: one requests just-in-time (JIT) delivery, and the other prefers early delivery. Also, the base stock policy with the kanban control policy was used for analyzing the system. We investigate the effects of demand lead time, JIT delivery ratio, and early delivery level on the performance measure which is the total average cost, as well as the interaction between the factors. The simulation results show the total average cost decrease with the increase of demand lead time under the circumstances. In addition, the effects of JIT delivery ratio and early delivery level are complicated, and the interaction effect exists between the factors.

　It is important to understand about the product growth process of product and service and make them reduce uncertainty of product development and planning in product development and planning. Possibility of none-uniformity of the consumer behavior during product growth becomes clear. The purpose of this research is that the consumer behavior which considered the none-uniformity during product growth is modeled. As a result of this research, the Survey model who expresses investigation behavior of the consumer who reflected none-uniformity during product growth to both of internal influence and external influence and the consumer behavior model to purchase of product who included the Survey model are proposed. The limit of this research is the point that it's modeled based on a limited object and multi regression analysis by a questionnaire survey to a limited category, and inspection of the validity of the this model will be needed from now on.

　When developing a manufacturing information system, it is difficult to complete a system that has no omissions even with extensive planning. Instead, to respond to the changes in the demand of the user and the market, new components focused on clear and urgent situations, are sequentially implemented to the information system as an improvisational approach that seems highly effective.

　In this study, various problems that occur when the manufacturing information system such as for products line is constructed are discussed, and this paper proposes the adopting of an improvisational approach. In addition, the effectiveness of this proposal is examined through actual cases using the manufacturing information system that the authors developed.

　In positive agency theory, many times, principal-agent relationships between shareholders and managers were examined. almost of all them were about only shareholders or managers, especially, managers meant top managers like CEO, then. in short, other entities like middle managers were not mentioned then. However, nowadays, hierarchizing and specializing are inevitable for modern firms. With this inevitable changing of modern companies, the role of middle managers enlarges and the power of top managers is decentralized. Under condition like this, it was said that positive agency theory ignores decentralization of company and the role of middle managers in companies, because positive agency theory considers that top manager mange companies in centralized mechanism in earlier works. By contrast, I believe that positive agency theory has effectivity to explain decentralization. In this work, firstly, it is showed that positive agency theory can examine decentralization. Next, it is clarified how middle managers or Top managers affects decentralization of companies. Lastly, it will be showed what is essentials for decentralization of companies. It's the purpose of this study to indicate that positive agency theory is not only theory to examine principal-agent relationships between shareholders and managers, supply chains or between employers and employees, but also effective to examine decentralization of companies.

　Health management for women working in Japanese companies is an issue that should be investigated in the future to maintain the vitality of not only the companies but of society as a whole. In this study we constructed a diagnostic system for obesity, which is an underlying condition for lifestyle diseases, for use with adult women. In diagnosing obesity, we used both an evaluation chart constructed from a regression polynomial of BMI and body fat percentage, and WHO evaluation criteria.

　First, the percentage of women within the normal range for body fat percentage and BMI according to the WHO evaluation criteria was 51% overall. Thus, about half were outside the normal range. In the regression evaluation of body fat percentage against BMI, the body fat percentage varied about 9% even when BMI was the same. Such large individual differences in the relationship between BMI and body fat percentage indicate that uniform assessments cannot be made.

　These results suggest that evaluations with integrated use of BMI and body fat percentage to understand individual trends with regression evaluation are needed to make proper determinations of obesity.

　In B-to-B sales, we need to change conventional sales methods which focused on “how to sell goods or services” to ”how to find and solve customers’ problems”. However, many smaller businesses stick to the conventional methods and don’t convey customer values. In order to get rid of such old methods, presentation skills which many sales representatives lack are required.

　In this study, I consider effective presentation skills for sales and suggest a model of a presentation which enables sales representatives to practice.

　In recent years, the very high risk of childhood obesity tracking to adulthood has been reported from the standpoint of preventive medicine. For people working in companies, avoiding obesity is a basic aspect of health management that decreases the risk of disease for the individual while also contributing to corporate productivity. However, since BMI shows an increasing trend in childhood, no evaluation method has been established. In this study, the changes with age in BMI were analyzed with a wavelet interpolation model, and evaluation chart that gives the standard curve for age-related change in BMI during childhood was constructed to identify obesity. Examinations were made of the validity of the obesity-thinness judgments and the physical development of the judged obesity types, and the tracking pattern of childhood obesity to adulthood was investigated from the standpoint of occupational health. The obesity tracking status was also investigated to explore the management of obesity risk in company employees.

　ISO9001 was revised in 2015 so that ISO9001 would be made a good use of as a more effective tool of the organization management. A risk-based thought and display of the leadership of the top management that grasped the situation the organization faced were adopted chiefly. On the other hand, it cannot but say with insufficiency that revised contents do not have a demand of the quality performance improvement itself, and there are not requirements for the financial consideration in business management. Because it is the certification standard of the management system, there is a limit to evaluate an ability of the management top. It is essential to plan development of the competence of manager for promoting innovation and will be necessary to establish the system to bring up and develop the competence of manager. And it is an issue to breed organization climate and culture that management system is firmly established in.

　For companies, having employees work in good health is essential to raising productivity. However, bone density declines in middle age and the number of people who suffer fractures is said to be increasing. Those who suffer fractures must be hospitalized or make repeated visits as outpatients, and undergo rehabilitation, which is thought to be directly linked to decreased productivity. To minimize fractures, efforts to obtain higher bone density starting in childhood are important. Detailed information on the body composition and bone mineral density of Japanese children is needed to do this in Japan, but almost no studies have dealt with the age-related changes in bone mineral density during childhood. In this study we evaluated bone using a stiffness value, and by configuring collective data based on a cohort method we attempted to establish a standardized system of evaluating bone density and to construct a bone density evaluation chart based on the changes with age. The validity was then investigated. We then sought ways to manage the physical qualities of these corporate warriors to raise productivity.

　In this study, we clarify the relationship between the change of the regional industrial strucutre and the development of the information service industry. We compare the prefecture by using by analyzing the latest statistics. And we will investigate the supply capacity of information technology engineer in the prefecture from a comparison of the number of the university and students. Industrial structures in the prefecture are classified in the tertiary industry type or secondary industry type. There are three patterns in the change of the regional industrial structure. Next, we compare the information service industry at the prefectures. In the past data, the sales per emproee in Tokyo and Kanagawa are higher than the others. But, in the latest data, the difference is smaller.

　This paper attempts to shed light on the relationship between corporate performance and network structure such as structural holes and group centrality using the dataset gathered from Kyohokai and Yokokai. Many theories and mathematical models of inter-firm relationship including mechanism of inter-firm network formation, corporate behaviors of supply chain management, inter-firm alliances and technology development have been published in the past three decades. However, to our best knowledge, the studies between corporate performance and their network structure still have been sparse. This paper reviews the literature associated with network analysis, and discusses the relationship between corporate performance including sales and profit and the network structure such as structural holes and group centralities in Kyohokai and Yokokai. Thus, this research manuscript makes a contribution to extant thought by: (1) Clarifying the determinants of corporate performance of network organizations, (2) Discussing the nature of the rational inter-firm relationship through comparative study between Kyohokai and Yokokai, and 3) Ascertaining the possible direction for further development of network organizations. Based on the findings, the study limitations are identified and directions for further research are suggested.

　In this report, in the manufacturing industry to globalization, one in which we considered the possibility of information transmission by non-language. First of all, in terms of Japan of changes in the environment surrounding the manufacturing industry and has been mentioned about the factors, the possibility of pictograms use of a non-language information transmission technique to the corresponding problems of workers to diversify, based on previous research discussion was carried out.

　Making the best use of Japan’ leading production location of agricultural and marine products, Hokkaido has a large number of food manufacturers. The shipping value amounts to about 40% of that of all the manufacturers at present, and the food manufacturing industry plays a great role in the local economy and employment. In recent years “Hokkaido” has been gaining a powerful brand name in the food field, conjointly with the information transmitted by tourism, etc. The food manufacturers in this island have enough potential for sustainable development. However, in the surroundings of the food manufacturing industry, several big issues are anticipated such as “overall consumption decrease caused by the domestic population decrease,” “consumers’ heightening awareness of safety & security in food” and “further globalization of economic activities caused by the future TPP agreement, etc.” For the purpose of winning the competition by good use of the strong point “Hokkaido”, it is important for food manufacturers in Hokkaido to strengthen their company constitution by increasing values added & productivity and strengthening health management.

　Considering the above backgrounds, the following results of two studies are stated in this paper.

　1. Development of a self-diagnosis system of a food production site which makes it possible for a food manufacturer to grasp the company’s strong or weak points on its own, and to diagnose the MOMOZUKURI level of the company’s production site or factory objectively for further improvement.

　2. Making of an “action-type improvement checklist” which makes it possible to activate the ”improvement” function of a production site with much labor-intensive work, and for even a woman or an elderly person to conduct production work without uneasiness or waste and contribute to increase in productivity.

　The purpose of the studies is to activate Hokkaido’s economy further through improvement in “production management” which is a weak point of Hokkaido depending on public works.

　Company D is a company to produce the housing exterior of the external corner auditors compound. In order to survive in competition with its competitors, efforts to the improvement of production methods, has produced the corners Auditor product from the end material of Ceramic siding that occurs in a residential building construction site. Mill ends that occur in the field, production efficiency is lower than the raw materials ceramic siding of the new order that variations in size and shape. However, (1) it is possible to reduce the material cost than the external corner auditors prepared by using new ceramic siding, (2) there is an advantage, such as can be reduced Industrial waste disposal costs of end material that occurs in the field.

　This effort, Company D was a successful conversion to service the manufacturing industry to solve the annoyances of the customer.

　Formation of an alliance enables an organization to acquire business resources that are lacking or are in short supply at the organization from other organizations. Organizational learning plays a central role in acquisition of such business resources, especially intangible resources, from other organizations. How to sort out information on knowledge and technologies, how to incorporate them into the organization and how to utilize them strategically are being examined based on studies conducted in the field of organizational leaning.

　The option of not conducting organizational learning is possible under the formation of an alliance. This is considered a “benefit” of forming an alliance. Alliance is one form of organization-to-organization relationships. It is an effective strategy for an organization to respond to changes in the environment surrounding the current society. Forming an alliance is the process of creating new values that cannot be created by a single organization. It is designed to create strategic values that are necessary for the organization to adapt to the environment.